PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Benoni

Publications and source records attributed to G Benoni.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Postoperative course of serum aminotransferases after total hip arthroplasty.

Skeletal muscle trauma and acute coronary occlusion increase the values of aminotransferases, which might render the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in connection with major orthopaedic surgery more difficult. To find clinically useful distinctions, the postoperative course of serum aminotransferases (ASAT, ALAT, LD, GT and ALP) was recorded for the first 3 weeks following total hip arthroplasty and compared with the values found in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The level of ASAT increased during the first days following surgery. The highest recorded value of ASAT during the first 4 days was found to be lower than corresponding values in patients with myocardial infarction, although an overlap between the groups was seen. However, the LD value did not increase significantly following surgery, in contrast to the findings in patients with myocardial infarction. Later in the postoperative course, values for ALAT, GT and ALP rose as well. Two case reports on myocardial infarction after total hip replacement are included.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Distribution of ceftazidime in ascitic fluid.

The pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime were investigated in eight normal subjects and eight patients with ascites after intravenous administration of 1 g of the drug. Samples of blood and ascitic fluid were collected for 6 h after dosage, and urine samples were collected for 24 h. Pharmacokinetic data were calculated by using a one-compartment model. The apparent volume of distribution and half-life of elimination (t1/2 beta) in patients with ascites were approximately three times those in normal subjects. In contrast, renal clearance was greater in the normal subjects. With respect to ascites, the mean area under the concentration-time curve was 95.3 +/- 38.3 micrograms X h/ml. The mean ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve for ascitic fluid to that for plasma was 69.9% (+/- 38.2). These data show that ceftazidime rapidly diffuses into the peritoneal space, in which concentrations greater than 10 micrograms/ml were present for at least 6 h.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antibiotic administration and oral bacterial therapy in infants.

Feces samples of 35 children, aged between 3 and 24 months (mean age 12 months), were analyzed. Sixteen children who had no therapy were considered as "control samples"; an antibiotic therapy was administered to 8 subjects for at least 5 days for extraintestinal pathology (ampicillin, orally, at a dose of 100 mg/kg/die in three doses). Finally, the same antibiotic therapy with the addition, from the beginning over 5 days, of the oral preparation of Bacillus subtilis spores (4 X 10(9) die) was administered to 11 patients. During antibiotic therapy, the number of stools per day increased, but not for those patients taking B. subtilis spores. Regarding the bacterial flora, the subjects treated with antibiotic therapy alone showed a significant decrease of all aerobic species, except for fungi, anaerobic total count and aerobic cocci. After oral bacteriotherapy together with ampicillin, we observed an increase of saccharolytic flora, aerobic and anaerobic, while proteolytic flora did not show any changes.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Airborne ultrasound applied to anthropometry--physical and technical principles.

Airborne ultrasound has been utilized for remote measurement of distance, direction, size, form, volume and velocity. General anthropometrical measurements are performed with a newly constructed real-time linear array scanner. To make full use of the method, we expect a rapid development of high-frequency ultrasound transducers for use in air.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1978

A simplified method for the evaluation of human faecal flora in clinical practice.

Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of aerobic and anaerobic faecal flora was determined by a new and easy method. 10 microliter of 12 ten-fold dilutions in saline of samples of faeces were plated on the surface of culture media solidified in wells of sterile virology plexiglass plates (diameter 16 mm; 0.5 ml culture media) and incubated at 37 degrees C for 24 h. The same dilutions and the same plexiglass plates were used under anaerobic conditions for analysis of anaerobic flora (under atmosphere of N2 85%, CO2 10%, H2 5%, negative pressure, at 37 degrees C for 48 h). The analysis was performed on 35 healthy breast-fed newborn infants, 1--6 days old. After birth, the meconium in sterile; already at 25 h of life some bacterial species (Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides) show the maximal concentration in faeces and do not grow afterwards; other bacterial species (Coliforms, aerobic and anaerobic Streptococci) increase gradually during the first week of life. This method gives the same results as the conventional techniques (i.e. Petri dishes), but in an easier and quicker way; therefore it seems useful in clinical practice.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastrointestinal effects of single and repeated doses of ferrous sulphate in rats.

The gastrointestinal effects of single and repeated administration of ferrous sulphate was evaluated measuring faecal flora modifications and histology of stomach and duodenum of the rat. The acute experiments showed reversible histopathological lesions of stomach and duodenum with iron deposition and increase in faecal Cl. perfringens toxin after treatment with a high dose of FeSO4. The chronic experiment at lower doses showed no relevant histological damage, some iron deposition and strong alterations in faecal flora. A strong impact of oral FeSO4 on gastrointestinal environment was demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vasodilating properties of a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, nitroflurbiprofen, on rat aortic rings.

The effects of nitroflurbiprofen (NFP), a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug containing a nitroxybutyl moiety, on rat aortic rings were compared with those of flurbiprofen (FP) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). NFP and GTN relaxed, in a dose-dependent manner, either intact or rubbed aortic rings precontracted with epinephrine. Pretreatment with FP did not influence the relaxant activity of NFP in both endothelium-intact and -denuded arteries. In unrubbed preparations, FP did not affect contraction induced by epinephrine, while in rubbed ones a moderate relaxation was observed. Methylene blue and oxyhaemoglobin completely reversed the vasodilating effect of NFP in both rubbed and unrubbed preparations. Moreover, the addition of cysteine 5 mmol l-1 at the end of the cumulative application of NFP resulted in a further relaxation of aortic rings. These results indicate that NFP possesses vasodilatory activity which appears to be dependent on the release of nitric oxide or nitric oxide derivatives.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects on intestinal microflora, gastrointestinal tolerability and antiinflammatory efficacy of diclofenac and nitrofenac in adjuvant arthritic rats.

Since it is known that nitric oxide plays an important protective role in maintaining the tissue integrity and is cytotoxic for invasive micro-organisms, diclofenac and a new original diclofenac-derivate, nitrofenac (containing the nitric oxide group), was administered at doses of 0.3 and 3 mg kg-1 per os to adjuvant arthritic rats. At the 14th, 21st and 28th days after arthritis induction, the antiinflammatory efficacy and the effects on intestinal microflora of the two drugs were evaluated; moreover, at the end of the study period, the gastrointestinal tract was examined macroscopically for any presence of lesions. Daily oral administration of diclofenac and nitrofenac at 3 mg kg-1 markedly and significantly inhibited arthritis development until the end of the study period. Some significant changes were observed in anaerobic and Gram-negative bacterial flora, particularly the total disappearance, in all treated rats, of Escherichia coli 1, also 7 days after the last drug administration. Finally, no ulcers or severe damage were observed macroscopically with either drug, even if some alterations in the mucosa and haemorrhagic effusions were more evident in rats treated with diclofenac at 3 mg kg-1. In conclusion, in this chronic model a similar therapeutic efficacy of diclofenac and nitrofenac is shown in arthritic rats. The better gastrointestinal tolerability observed in nitrofenac-treated rats could be attributed to the release of nitric oxide.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytokine and nitric oxide levels in a rat model of immunologic protection from adjuvant-induced arthritis.

In the present study we investigated the correlation between the progression of adjuvant arthritis induced by Mycobacterium butyricum and the production of nitric oxide and some pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in arthritic rats and in rats treated with low intra-peritoneal doses of Mycobacterium 3 and 10 days after arthritis induction. The intra-peritoneal administration of Mycobacterium antigen significantly inhibited disease development. Compared to healthy rats, a rise in serum and peritoneal pro-inflammatory cytokines was observed in all arthritic rats already from the 14 day. The treatment with intra-peritoneal Mycobacterium was associated with a significant reduction in IL-6 serum concentrations and a slight decrease of IFN-gamma production by peritoneal macrophages. Nitrite/nitrate plasma and peritoneal levels were significantly higher in all arthritic rats. Intra-peritoneal administration of Mycobacterium caused a further increase in nitrite/nitrate plasma concentrations, while no differences were evident in nitric oxide production by peritoneal macrophages. From our data it is evident that among the variables here investigated, IL-6 seems to be the more representative marker of the disease and of the treatment effect. A possible role of nitric oxide as a modulator rather than a direct mediator in this model of inflammation is discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CD23 and CD69 expression on human neutrophils of healthy subjects and patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease.

In this work we studied, on human neutrophils from healthy donors and patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease, the expression of CD23 and CD69 and the modulatory effects of IFN-gamma, GM-CSF and IL-4. Neutrophils were isolated from 9 patients and 9 healthy subjects and cultured for 24 h in absence or presence of IFN-gamma (1000 U/ml), GM-CSF (10 U/ml) and IL-4 (10 ng/ml). Expression of CD23 and CD69 was analyzed by FACScan cytofluorimeter. Neutrophils of both patients and healthy donors resulted negative for CD23 and CD69 expression immediately after isolation. After 24 h without stimuli, neutrophils from some patients and healthy donors expressed CD23 and CD69. IFN-gamma and GM-CSF had opposite effects on these two antigens, down-regulating CD23 and up-regulating CD69. IFN-gamma, GM-CSF and IL-4 were not able to induce CD23 expression, while CD69 expression was induced in some negative healthy donors and patients by IFN-gamma, GM-CSF and IL-4 respectively. From our data, we identified two subpopulations of neutrophils that, independently from the vascular pathology, showed a different behaviour towards temperature and some cytokines.

Journal Article↗