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Biomedical subjects

G Bonora

Publications and source records attributed to G Bonora.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Guillotine needle biopsy as a supplement to endosonography in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors.

The presumptive diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors can be made by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) but histological confirmation is still required. A special guillotine biopsy device (Flexi-Temno) which enables collection of adequate submucosal samples by the endoscopic approach was therefore evaluated. After visualization by EUS the guillotine needle biopsy was performed in 21 patients with submucosal tumors of the stomach. There were 2 failures in 2 patients with leiomyomas. The diagnosis suggested by EUS was confirmed by guillotine biopsy in 17 cases. Guillotine biopsy detected 2 cases of unsuspected leiomyosarcoma which were confirmed surgically. In cases of solid submucosal tumors confirmed on EUS, the guillotine needle biopsy enables a definitive histologic diagnosis. Thus malignancies can be detected when EUS findings are not significant.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1988

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis and latex particle agglutination in the etiologic diagnosis of presumed bacterial pneumonia in pediatric patients.

A commercial latex agglutination (LA) kit (Wellcogen, Wellcome Diagnostics) used to detect bacterial polysaccharide antigens (Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae) was compared with a modified counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique and blood culture for etiologic diagnosis of presumptive bacterial pneumonia requiring hospitalization in 60 infants and children. Serum, urine and either sputum or nasopharyngeal secretions were collected during the first 5 days of therapy for antigen detection. Blood culture was positive in 6 of 52 (11.5%) of cases. Antigens were detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis and/or LA in 13 of 60 (21.7%) serum samples, 2 of 16 (12.5%) unconcentrated urine samples, 19 of 42 (45.2%) urine samples concentrated 25-fold and 21 of 45 (46.7%) sputum or nasopharyngeal secretions. Antibiotic treatment for 5 days did not affect the antigen detection rate. Counter-immunoelectrophoresis was more sensitive than LA in serum and urine but not in sputum. However, because false positive reactions were frequently obtained with LA on nasopharyngeal secretions of an age-matched control group, this test appears unreliable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Influence of gastric acid secretion on interdigestive gastric motor activity and serum motilin in the elderly.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of gastric secretion on the interdigestive gastric motor activity and related serum motilin variations in elderly subjects. The study was carried out on two groups of elderly subjects: one with achlorhydria or marked hypochlorhydria due to chronic atrophic gastritis and the other with normal acid secretion. A group of nonelderly subjects with normal acid secretion was also examined as control. Gastric motility was studied manometrically and serum motilin was measured by radioimmunoassay on blood samples taken every 15 min during the entire motor recording period of 200-300 min. Both groups of elderly subjects showed (1) alterations in interdigestive gastric motility and (2) serum motilin which was steadily high without the normal cyclic fluctuations. These studies suggest that the alterations in gastric motor activity and serum motilin in aged subjects are not related to the acid secretory capacity of the stomach. Other factors, such as alterations in the neurohormonal control system of gut motility, should be considered in the genesis of these age-related disorders.

Achlorhydria↗
PubMed1986

Interdigestive gastroduodenal motility and serum motilin levels in patients with idiopathic delay in gastric emptying.

The interdigestive gastroduodenal motor activity and serum motilin levels were studied in 22 dyspeptic patients with markedly delayed gastric emptying not due to diseases known to impair gastroduodenal motility and in 7 control subjects with normal gastric emptying. Motor activity was recorded using a manometric probe positioned in the gastric antrum and in the proximal duodenum, and blood samples for radioimmunoassay of motilin were taken every 15 min during the recording period. The control subjects showed gastroduodenal activity fronts of the migrating motor complex associated with motilin peaks. Almost all patients with delayed gastric emptying showed no activity fronts in the stomach, and only half of them showed activity fronts starting in the duodenum. In these patients a significant reduction in the number of motilin peaks and in the integrated motilin output during the identified peaks was also observed. The results of this study indicate that most dyspeptic patients with idiopathic delay in gastric emptying may also have an alteration in interdigestive gastroduodenal motility, mainly characterized by a lack of gastric activity fronts, associated with an impaired motilin release.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Interdigestive plasma motilin concentrations in aged adults.

The interdigestive plasma motilin concentrations were evaluated in 13 over-65 healthy adults with no evidence of significant disease and in 19 younger individuals. Plasma motilin levels were determined every 15 min during a 3-hr fasting period, using a radioimmunological method. The individual median values of plasma motilin concentrations during the entire study period were significantly higher in aged than younger adults. The individual median coefficients of variation of motilin concentrations and the percentage increases of plasma motilin above baseline at each peak were significantly lower in the aged than in the young group. The results of this study indicate that during the interdigestive period aged individuals have markedly elevated circulating motilin levels, with less pronounced fluctuations than younger persons. This particular hormone pattern could be involved in motor disturbances of the stomach in elderly adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Phagocyte function and immunological findings in a Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome long-term survivor.

The case reported concerns a 19-year-old man who presented with clinical and laboratory findings compatible with the Wiscott-Aldrich Syndrome. Our patients is the eighth reported case of a long-term survivor with this syndrome. Immunologic studies revealed, in spite of a normal lymphocyte number, an impaired delayed hypersensitivity and a failure of response to mitogens and irradiated allogeneic cells. IgE and IgA levels were high while IgM levels were low. Studies of phagocytic cells showed normal phagocytosis, candidacidal activity, IgG receptors and phagocytic metabolic burst. However, the patient's neutrophils and monocytes responded poorly to chemoattractants and the serum generated less chemotactic activity than normal sera. Detailed studies revealed the presence in the patient's serum of 2 different inhibitors of chemotaxis: a cell-directed inhibitor and an inhibitor of chemotactic factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Chronic gastritis: classification, etiopathogenesis and clinical course].

The Authors show and discuss the classification proposed till now for dividing chronic atrophic gastritis into subtypes different in hystological, functional or immunological aspects. In accordance with the more recent reports, the classification into type A, type B and type AB is accepted. Genetical (factor A) and environmental agents (alcohol, smoke, drugs) as well as immunological (parietal and gastrin cell antibodies) and functional abnormalities (duodenogastric reflux), suggested to play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of chronic atrophic gastritis, are also re-examined. Finally, dynamic aspects of chronic atrophic gastritis and its association with anemia and gastric carcinoma are widely reviewed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Comparative study of serum pancreatic isoamylase, lipase, and trypsin-like immunoreactivity in pancreatic disease.

Serum total amylase, pancreatic and salivary isoamylase, lipase and trypsin-like immunoreactivity (TLI) were measured in 16 patients with acute pancreatitis, 37 patients with chronic pancreatitis, 11 patients with pancreatic cancer, and 53 control subjects in order to evaluate the relative value of these tests in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. In acute pancreatitis patients studied within 2 days from the onset of pain all pancreatic enzymes were abnormally high. In chronic pancreatitis patients serum pancreatic isoamylase and TLI were abnormally low in 8 out of 10 patients with severely impaired pancreatic exocrine function, while lipase was abnormally low in 6 patients. During acute exacerbations of the disease elevated levels of pancreatic isoamylase and lipase, but not of TLI, were found in about one third of cases. In patients with pancreatic cancer the pattern of changes in serum pancreatic enzymes was variable since levels within, below and above the normal range were found. The results demonstrate that in acute pancreatitis all serum pancreatic enzymes had the same diagnostic sensitivity, however serum lipase determination is the most convenient because of its simplicity and low cost. In chronic pancreatitis serum pancreatic isoamylase and TLI may be useful in detecting severe pancreatic insufficiency. In pancreatic cancer serum pancreatic enzymes lack diagnostic specificity.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity and secondary hyperparathyroidism in renal failure.

UNLABELLED: In 46 kidney patients aged from 30 to 71 years, after an overnight fast, serum levels of trypsin (TLI), gastrin (Gas), parathromone (PTH), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphate (iP), amylase, were evaluated. Ten patients had a normal renal function; in 18 patients glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ranged from 5 to 70 ml/m'; 18 patients with GFR below 2 ml/m' were treated with 4 hours hemodialysis. In dialysed patients TLI was evaluated before and after dialysis. In patients with FGR ranging from 120 to 5 ml/m' a significant inverse correlation (p < 0.001) appeared between TLI and GFR values. In the same group a significant direct correlation (p < 0.001) was found between PTH and TLI. The study showed also a significant direct correlation between amylase and TLI (p < 0.001); likewise TLI, amylase was inversely correlated to GFR (p < 0.01) and directly to PTH (p < 0.001). No correlation was found between TLI and Gas, Ca, Mg, iP. A significant inverse correlation was found between PTH and GFR (p < 0.01). Because serum level of PTH, amylase and TLI were related to GFR values, we calculated partial correlation between these parameters. The partial correlation coefficients of the relation between PTH and TLI, PTH amylase, holding GFR constant, were higly significant (p < 0.001). On the contrary, holding a constant PTH, the correlations between pancreatic enzymes and GFR were not confirmed. Pre-dialysis TLI levels were significantly higher than post-dialysis (p < 0.05). IN CONCLUSION: 1) TLI and amylase have the same behaviour in renal failure; 2) the levels of both enzymes are high in renal insufficiency; their values seem to be correlated to secondary byperparathyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity (TLI) was studied in 31 patients before and after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. None of the patients developed clinical acute pancreatitis. Generally, the serum TLI peak was observed within the first 6 hours after the examination. Most patients (73%) showed a pathologically high TLI but very high values were not frequent (19%). Successful pancreatic opacification was followed by a significant increase in serum TLI which was pathologically high in nearly all cases (18/20). On the contrary, after cholangiography alone abnormal values were less frequent (4/8) and the increase was not significant. In most patients TLI and amylase responses were in agreement. A significant, though poor, linear relation was found between serum TLI and serum amylase 3, 6 and 12 hours after the examination.

Amylases↗