Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Brajerski.
The paper discusses three cases of mass bleeding from the upper section of gastrointestinal tract caused by benign tumours od the small bowel. The technique of the intraoperative endoscopic examination of gastrointestinal tract has been described. The authors stress the usefulness of this technique in the case when the source of bleeding is difficult to localise.
Proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays an important role both in the process of replication and repair of DNA. The aim of the carried out investigations was to find out if there was any correlation between the depth of malignant infiltration, invasion of lymph nodes, presence of metastases in extra-regional lymph nodes, the length of patients' survival, and the value of PCNA proliferating index analysed in biopsy specimens before the operation, taken from 60 patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In the groups with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus the following statistic correlation was found between PCNA proliferating index and: invasion of lymph nodes--p < 0.04; degree of carcinoma progression--p < 0.01; and blood vessels infiltration--p < 0.001. The survival of patients with carcinomas of high (> 50%) and low (< 50%) PCNA index did not differ significantly. It results from the above investigations that high values of PCNA index may indicate the presence of metastases in lymphatic nodes and the degree of progression of oesophageal carcinoma.
Communications show that in squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus one can often observe overexpression of p53 protein. Wild type p53 protein suppresses cells' growth, and mutated p53 acts as onkogene. Gene p53 mutations usually lead to stabilization and accumulation of p53 protein, and, as a result they become detectable by immunochemical methods. Overexpression of p53 has been observed in 28 (46.7%) out of 60 collected specimens. It has no connection with sex, age, histological differentiation, category (pT) of tumour, infiltration (pN) of lymph nodes and extent of metastases (pMlym+). p53 protein expression has no correlation with survival predictability.
Retroperitoneal tumors (RPTs) are most commonly found in anatomically confined spaces. Primary RPTs are to be distinguished from those arising from retroperitoneal organs or from the metastatic masses. They may originate either from anyone of the three embryonal leaves or may take on more complex composition, consequently accounting for their varied histological appearance (1, 10). Badowski et al. (1) gave the following occurrence ratio: mesenchymal tumors account for 61.5%, mixed tumors for 23% and nervous tissue tumors--15.5%. They possess either benign or malignant potentials, with invasion of the neighbouring tissues and organs by the growth. The mode of disease at early stage is rarely conspicuous. Patients usually present with vague abdominal pains and palpable resistance. The techniques that are employed consist in the CT, USG and the selective angiography accompanied by passage films and the urography.