Biomedical subjects
G Bray
Publications and source records attributed to G Bray.
[Purulent pleurisy caused by colibacilli. Apropos of 2 cases].
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Use of fibrin sealant in thermal injury.
Fibrin glue is hemostatic in skin grafting and other therapeutic situations. This prospective, open-labeled comparative study involved thermally injured patients: 34 patients received fibrin sealant (FS) and 61 did not, at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, and Shriners Burn Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio. FS-treated patients were 23.6 +/- 16.8 years old, versus 20.8 +/- 16.8 years for controls. The percentage of total body surface areas burn was 10.0% +/- 4.5% in the study patients versus 10.9% +/- 7.9% in the controls. The FS group did not receive packed red blood cell transfusions, albumin infusion, or topical bovine thrombin (TBT). The control group received 1.56 +/- 2.1 units of packed red blood cells, 186 +/- 194 ml 5% albumin, and TBT (20,000 units) 2.6 +/- 0.8 kits during excision and grafting procedures. The estimated blood loss/graft ration was 0.50 +/- 0.30 ml/cm2 (median = 0.46) for the study group versus 0.98 +/- 2.4 ml/cm2 (median = 0.56) for the control group (p = 0.14); for patients more than 16 years of age, this difference was significant (p = 0.03). FS may be a viable alternative to standard hemostatic techniques, because it reduced the need for blood transfusion, alloantigen exposure, and blood-borne viral infection risk. FS also eliminated the need for TBT and epinephrine, did not have an adverse impact on the surgical outcome, and tended to improve the cost differential.
Changes in retinal ganglion cell axons after optic nerve crush: neurofilament expression is not the sole determinant of calibre.
After injury in the central nervous system of adult mammals, many of the axons that remain attached to their intact cell bodies degenerate and decrease in calibre. To understand this process better, we have investigated the relationship between axonal loss, cell loss, and the time course of changes in axonal calibre. Optic nerves (ONs) were crushed and the numbers and sizes of axons remaining close to the cell bodies (2 mm from the eye) and near the site of the lesion (6 mm from the eye) were determined for nerves examined between 1 week and 3 months after injury. Comparison with the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) counts from the same animals revealed that axonal loss was concomitant with cell body loss for at least the first 2 weeks after injury. However, there was no significant change in the calibre of the surviving neurons until 1 month after injury. Thereafter, the axonal calibre was decreased equally along the ON. No progressive somatofugal atrophy was observed. These decreases in axonal calibre occur much later than the immediate drop in neurofilament (NF) expression that also follows injury. The late effect of injury on axonal calibre suggests that NF expression is not the sole determinant of axon size of the RGC fibers in the ON. Other factors are likely additional contributing factors, such as the decreased rate of axonal transport that would help maintain the axonal neurofilament content.
The use of aqueous cream to relieve pruritus in patients with liver disease.
Pruritus in patients with liver disease is often uncontrollable; however, washing daily with aqueous cream instead of soap has been found to significantly reduce the degree of itching. It also causes no side effects.
Rehabilitation in China: impressions and perspectives.
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