PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Brien

Publications and source records attributed to G Brien.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Excretion of urinary enzymes after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a critical reevaluation.

The excretion of the urinary enzymes alanine aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl-transferase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, and the 99mtechnetium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid isotope clearance were studied in 35 patients treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL*). Enzyme measurements were made before and consecutively on days 1, 2 and 5, and at 3 months after treatment. A control group investigated at the same intervals was included. Posttreatment enzyme values were not significantly different from those before treatment except for alkaline phosphatase on day 1 after ESWL. Some individuals had short-term increases of enzymuria that were greater than biological variations in the control group. The transient changes of enzymuria after ESWL had no predictive value for kidney function, since no decreased renal function was observed in individual patients with high enzyme excretions after ESWL.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1990

[Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)--a new procedure for treating choledocholithiasis].

UNLABELLED: ESWL offers a new possibility for the treatment of patients suffering from bile duct stones, in cases where endoscopic methods failed. From September 1987 to June 1989 80 patients (56 women, 24 men; mean age: 66 years) had been selected for ESWL at the Charité-Hospital. Indications were: Impacted stones (30 patients), very large stones (22 patients), stones above bile duct strictures (28 patients). 79 patients have been treated by device "Lithostar" (Siemens) during 114 sessions in abdominal position under X-ray visualization. ESWL-treatment was impossible in one patient because of technical reasons. Per treatment session 1000 to 5000 shock waves with an energy of 19 kV, directed on a single or distributed among several stones, have been applied. In 79 cases out of 114 treatments complete or partial fragmentation (69.3%) was attained. Stone fragments were removed endoscopically in 56 patients and in 1 patient percutaneously via biliary drainage. In 5 cases the fragments passed spontaneously. On the total, in 72.2% of our patients stones clearance was achieved. No severe side effects could be observed. CONCLUSION: ESWL represents a proper method increasing the effectiveness and lowering the risks of non-operative therapy by bile duct stones.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[ESWL with the Lithostar--experience with 3,000 treatments].

The experiences with 3,000 extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsies of kidney and ureteral calculi using the Lithostar are reported. Indications, contraindications and therapeutic approach are reviewed and the importance of out-patient follow-up is stressed. The success rate of 75% (including further spontaneous passage of residual desintegrated calculi) is good in the view of an unselected and unfavourable patient population. In the other patients a second ESWL treatment may be necessary. In the initial period in 6% of the patients percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy or open operation have been performed whereas in the last 100 patients it was not necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Studies on the occurrence of texture types in calcium oxalate urinary stones].

A review of texture types of calcium oxalate calculi and a pattern of 4 basic texture types was presented. A method of texture classification as a part of the routine polarization microscopy urinary calculus analysis was developed. Thereby a representative material could presented on the distribution of texture types. A connection between pathological urinary parameters and the texture type was demonstrated.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment and metaphylaxis of cystine urolithiasis in children].

Basic ideas about the pathogenesis of cystinuria and calculi formation are shown in this case report. Aspects of a present and effective cystine stone therapy are discussed after that. We present the therapeutic procedure in two patients with recurrent cystine urinary stone formation who were operated on cystine stones in the past. Our experiences with a combination of chemolitholysis with N-acetyl-cystein through percutaneous nephrostomy and an oral drug therapy with alpha-mercaptopropionyl-glycin are reported. This form of treatment was successful in our two cases. A metaphylactic therapy is necessary to prevent recurrent cystine stone formation.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed1988

Urolithiasis associated with urogenital tuberculosis. Clinical and mineralogical aspects.

Of 628 patients with bacteriologically or histologically proven urogenital tuberculosis (UGT) treated from 1960 to 1985. 126 patients (20.1%) had additional urinary tract infection and 66 patients (10.5%) developed urolithiasis. In these 66 patients a simultaneous urinary tract infection occurred in 29 cases (43.9%). Twenty-eight calculi were analyzed by a combined crystal-optical and x-ray-diffraction method. A high incidence of struvite/carbonate apatite calculi (11/28) as well as of calcium phosphate calculi (6/28) was found. The texture of 15 calculi was investigated on thin sections by polarization microscopy and a high concentration of organic material was found in both calcium oxalate and struvite/carbonate apatite calculi probably due to the specific and nonspecific infection with deposition of cell and protein degradation products.

Crystallization↗
PubMed1988

Composition and structure of renal and ureteral calculi in patients under covalitin therapy.

We examined the composition and texture of 53 urinary calculi from patients receiving Covalitin therapy. The texture of the infection stones and of concrements containing mainly apatite showed no changes as compared to concrements from control groups receiving no such therapy. Calcium oxalate stones more often showed a whewellite texture (Type 2) and a less frequent occurrence of weddellite (Type 4) as compared to the control groups. Surface or marginal changes indicating a possible litholysis could not be shown.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Need for the differentiation of apatite and carbonate apatite].

With extensive analytical and clinical examinations it is shown that the proof of carbonate in apatite may allow no additional reference of an infection with urea-splitting bacteria. With certain analytical methods the presence of carbonate is demonstrable in each urinary calculus apatite phase. Carbonate-bearing apatite indeed is accompanied frequently with struvite, but may be occur also without an infection. Therefore, in the future it should be renounced on the differentiation of apatite and carbonate apatite in routine analyses of urinary calculi.

Apatites↗
PubMed1988

[Percutaneous removal of kidney calculi and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in patients with hemorrhagic diatheses].

Hemorrhage is the main complication of percutaneous kidney stone removal. Shock-wave lithotripsy also may causes bleeding complications. It seems that both procedures are contraindicated on patients with coagulation disorders. On the base of two cases the specification of treatment by patients with hemorrhagic diatheses is demonstrated. Modern treatment modalities of urinary stone disease are also applicable to those patients, when attention is paid to some conditions and attentive measures are taken.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical experiences in 210 percutaneous removal of kidney and ureteral calculi].

The introduction of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureterolithotomy has greatly widened the therapeutical spectrum of urolithiasis. In this paper indications and contraindications of percutaneous stone removal will be discussed as well as techniques of this procedure. 210 percutaneous stone operations were performed after an initial training period primarily using local anesthesia (neuroleptanalgesia). This operative procedure allowed stone removal in patients otherwise inoperable because of increased operation risk or of advanced age. With increasing experience the success rate has been improved, though the stage of difficulties in nephrolithotomy and ureterolithotomy has increased too. Percutaneous operation primarily in connection with extracorporal shock wave lithotripsy is the first treatment modality for patients with staghorn stones. Possible complications (bleeding, perforation, injury to neighbouring organs) and their treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Tuberculous prostatitis within the scope of urogenital tuberculosis--pathogenetic and diagnostic aspects].

208 males with tuberculosis of the urogenital system showed a participation of prostate in 110 cases (53%), however, in 52 transrectal punch biopsies of the prostate only 25 times a tuberculosis could histologically be proved. An isolated tuberculosis of the prostate was found only in 6 males (5.4%), in most cases accidentally in biopsies of the prostate, after adenomectomy of the prostate or TURP. The way of the infection of the tuberculosis of the male genitals and the question of the primary focus on the genitals remained unclarified.

Biopsy↗