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Biomedical subjects

G Bruno

Publications and source records attributed to G Bruno.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Evaluation of 2-(2-thiophenecarboxy)benzoic acid and related active metabolites in biological samples.

This paper describes a quantitative assay of 2-(2-thiophenecarboxy)benzoic acid and its systemic metabolites, namely salicylic acid and thiophenecarboxylic acid, by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 254 nm. Analytes were extracted from acidified samples with tert.-butylmethyl ether and separated with an RP-18 column (150 mm x 3 mm I.D., 5 microns particle size) with a mixture of 0.01 M potassium phosphate and methanol (70:30, v/v) at pH 3.1. The method proved to have the validation required for pharmacokinetic investigations in animals and humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A population-based prevalence survey of known diabetes mellitus in northern Italy based upon multiple independent sources of ascertainment.

The aims of this survey were (1) to estimate the prevalence of known diabetes mellitus in 1988 in Casale Monferrato (Northern Italy); (2) to validate different data sources available in Italy; (3) to identify a population-based cohort of diabetic patients. Multiple independent data sources were used and the capture-recapture method was applied to estimate the completeness of ascertainment of the survey. The primary data source was the list of all patients attending the diabetic clinic or those referred by family physicians and paediatricians of the area. The secondary data sources were the list of hospital discharges, the prescriptions data source and the list of all people using reagent strips and insulin syringes. On 1 October 1988 (the cut-off date) 2,069 cases of known diabetes were identified. The estimated completeness of ascertainment of the survey was 91%. Prevalence of known diabetes, Type 1 (insulin-dependent), Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) and insulin-treated diabetes were, respectively, 2.21% (95% CI 2.13-2.29), 0.80/1,000 (0.62-0.98) and 2.10% (2.01-2.19), 2.92/1,000 (2.57-3.27). A higher prevalence of Type 2 diabetes was observed in women (2.30%, 2.18-2.42) than in men (1.88%, 1.76-2.00). Age-specific prevalence of Type 2 diabetes increased with age. Computerized data sources routinely available in the Piedmont Region (hospital discharges and prescriptions data sources) showed a low completeness of ascertainment when considered together (65%, 1,338 of 2,069), indicating the need to involve the diabetic clinic and family physicians in the ascertainment of known diabetes. In conclusion, the prevalence of known diabetes in Italy was lower than in Northern Europe and the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Pharmacokinetics of 2-(alpha-thenoylthio)-propionylglycine (TTPG) in healthy volunteers--an oral dose-proportionality investigation.

The dose linearity of 2-(alpha-thenoylthio)-propionylglycine (TTPG) pharmacokinetics after a single oral administration at three different TTPG doses (180, 540 and 1080 mg) was evaluated in 12 healthy volunteers according to an open, randomized, cross-over study with a 1-week wash-out period between each administration. The duration of the study, for each subject, was 4 weeks. Plasma concentration and urinary excretion of TTPG and its two systemic metabolites, namely propionylglycine (tiopronin) and thiophenecarboxylic acid (TCA) were assayed by a previously well validated HPLC method. Due to differences in the physical and chemical properties of these compounds, two assays were needed, one to measure TTPG and TCA as such, and one to measure derivatized tiopronin. Both used UV detection. TTPG, tiopronin and TCA were quickly detected in plasma, suggesting that the drug administered is rapidly absorbed and biotransformed, in part, in the systemic circulation into the two metabolites noted above. Time-to-peak for all three analytes showed a trend to increase with increasing doses of TTPG, being: 0.42, 0.40 and 0.67 h (P < 0.01) with TTPG; 0.53, 0.47 and 0.73 h (P < 0.05) with TCA; and 1.33, 2.13 and 2.58 h (P < 0.01) with tiopronin. Cmax showed the opposite behaviour with values (ng ml-1) normalized to the dose of 540 mg: 1235, 905 and 513 (P < 0.001) with TTPG; 888, 547 and 383 (P < 0.001) with TCA; and 7290, 6950 and 5170 (P < 0.01) with tiopronin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Allergenicity and nutritional adequacy of soy protein formulas.

Soy protein formulas are used for different conditions, including cow milk protein allergy, lactose and galactose intolerance, and severe gastroenteritis. Feeding soy protein formulas to normal term infants is associated with normal growth, normal protein nutritional status, and normal bone mineralization. Recent studies of infants fed soy protein formulas exclusively during the first months of life revealed no immunologic abnormality; however, the use of such formulas for management of cow milk protein allergy and for prevention of atopy is controversial. Although in the past decade many studies have stressed soy allergenicity, soy allergenicity has been confirmed by the challenge test in only a few studies. In this article we review the studies dealing with the allergenicity of soy protein formulas. We also present our own data on their use in the prevention and management of cow milk protein allergy.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

High-performance liquid chromatographic evaluation of Med 15 and its metabolites Med 5 and tolmetin in rat plasma.

A simple and reliable high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described for the quantitative analysis of the new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent Med 15 and its metabolites Med 5 and tolmetin in rat plasma. After selective extraction the three analytes and an internal standard (p-phenyl-phenol) were separated on a reversed-phase Ultrasphere 5 micron column using potassium dihydrogenphosphate (0.05 M)-acetonitrile (52:48) (pH 4.7) as the mobile phase. The analytes were detected at 313 nm; the sensitivity of the method proved to be 0.05 microgram/ml for all three compounds. The method has been applied to investigate Med 15 pharmacokinetics in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

High-performance liquid chromatographic evaluation of 2-(alpha-thenoylthio)propionylglycine and its two metabolites in biological fluids.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for determining 2-(alpha-thenoylthio)propionylglycine (TTPG) and its two main metabolites, thiophenecarboxylic acid and thiopronine, in biological samples was developed. TTPG and its metabolites were extracted by solvent partition and then determined by reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection at 245, 295 and 360 nm. This procedure was validated in order to allow the assay of these compounds in plasma and urine samples with sufficiently low detection limits (50 ng/ml for TTPG and TCA and 100 ng/ml for thiopronine) and with good linearity within the concentration range investigated. It was applied to a comprehensive pharmacokinetic investigation of TTPG in healthy volunteers.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1991

[Early myocardial involvement in collagen diseases. An endomyocardial biopsy study].

Endomyocardial biopsy was performed in three patients affected by systemic connectivitis (one case of systemic lupus erythematosus--SLE--, one of scleroderma and one of dermatomyositis). The analysis of the specimens revealed the presence of fibrosis and microvascular lesions (these latter only in SLE). Immunofluorescence showed in SLE and scleroderma perivascular IgG or perisarcolemmal IgM deposits respectively. Despite the scarcity of cardiac signs and symptoms, cardiac involvement can be early and frequent in connectivitis. The immune pathogenesis of the cardiac lesions seems to be possible because of the presence of immunocomplexes in the myocardium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Endometrial carcinoma--stage I. Evaluation of risk and prognostic factors in an analysis of 120 cases].

The Authors report on a series of 120 cases of endometrial carcinoma observed from 1980 to 1989, in the 1st Gynecological Oncology of the Oncological Hospital "M. Ascoli", Palermo. After careful clinical and pathologic review, the cases, subdivided in pre and post-menopausal groups, in order to verify possible differences between the two groups, were evaluated with reference to the principal risk factors and to some prognostic factors. As for the risk factors (old age, nulliparity, obesity, long fertile life, etc.), the data do not differ from the results in the literature. The evaluation of the prognostic indicators confirms once again the close relationship between histologic grade and myometrial invasion of the tumor. They have an important predictive value for prognosis and their knowledge is indispensable for an adequate therapeutic strategy, especially at pathologic stage I. Furthermore, findings show some delay in endometrial cancer diagnosis in the population studied, particularly in premenopausal women. Such delay turns out to be significantly associated with a greater myometrial infiltration of tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Assay of hydroxyfarrerol in biological fluids.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of hydroxyfarrerol (IdB 1031) in biological samples was developed. IdB 1031 was first extracted by liquid-solid partition and the extracts were evaporated and analysed on a reversed-phase column under isocratic conditions, using either an electrochemical or a UV detector. The detection limit was ca. 5 ng/ml. Preliminary pharmacokinetic data showed that rats treated orally with 500 mg/kg had an average peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 497 ng/ml after 2 h.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Incidence of IDDM during 1984-1986 in population aged less than 30 yr. Residents of Turin, Italy.

The goal of this study was to measure the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during 1984-1986 in residents of Turin, Italy, aged less than 30 yr. The primary data source was the list of all subjects diagnosed with IDDM who attended diabetes clinics in Turin. Other data sources were the general register of death certificates, the list of hospital discharges, and the computerized data base of insulin prescriptions. Eighty incident cases of IDDM were identified during the study in 1,130,284 person-yr for those less than 30 yr of age. Age-adjusted (world standard) incidence rates were 8.05, 8.10, and 6.96/100,000 in the age-groups 0-14, 0-19, and 0-29 yr, respectively. Estimated completeness of the primary data source compared with all other data sources was 91%, whereas the estimated completeness of ascertainment of the registry was 99%. Incidence rates of IDDM in northern Italy compare with those of European countries with low-medium incidence. A population-based register is being established for the province of Turin (951,445 inhabitants aged 0-29 yr) for the collection of incident cases since 1984.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The role of endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus.

A 16-year-old female patient presented with recurrent pleuropericardial effusion, arthralgia, and atrioventricular (AV) block. Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) of the right ventricle was performed for suspected myocarditis and revealed fibrous thickening of the arterial walls with luminal narrowing and immunoglobulin G (IgG) deposits in the perivascular areas. These findings suggested an immune complex disease, most likely systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and diagnosis was confirmed by serological and clinical changes. In patients with SLE, EMB is valuable in identifying intramural coronary disease and myocarditis; in our case, this procedure led to diagnosis of SLE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Noninvasive evaluation of cardiovascular hemodynamics during multiple follicular stimulation, late luteal phase and early pregnancy.

A noninvasive hemodynamic study in three moments of the gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) cycle was carried out on 25 patients: before beginning multiple follicular stimulation (MFS) (study I); after rapid increase of serum estradiol (E2) (study II); and 12 days after GIFT (study III). In the 25 patients, the rapid increase in E2 proved to be combined with a significant increase in the left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDD), the left ventricular end systolic dimension, the heart rate (HR), the systolic index, the cardiac index, and a significant reduction in the mean arterial pressure, in the systolic arterial pressure and in the systemic vascular resistence index. In the 14 pregnant patients in study III, all of the hemodynamic parameters studied proved to be significantly modified with respect to study I. In the 11 nonpregnant patients between Studies I and III were no significant cardiovascular modifications except for a significant increase in LVEDD in Study III. It is concluded that, during MFS, the rapid increase in E2 is combined with hemodynamic modifications and that, in pregnancy, the cardiovascular adaptation modifications occur in the very early stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

T cell responses to a Parietaria judaica pollen extract: comparison between Parietaria-sensitive patients, other atopics and healthy controls.

We investigated the in vitro proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Parietaria-allergic subjects, atopic patients with other sensitizations and healthy controls to Parietaria judaica pollen extracts. PBMC from almost all 44 subjects, divided into five groups (Parietaria-, grass-, Parietaria and grass-, Dermatophagoides-sensitive patients and normal individuals) were able to proliferate in response to the extract without statistically significant differences between groups. Mean values of the stimulation indexes for the five groups were respectively: 10.73, 3.18, 5.50, 10,56, 9.28. The results of separation experiments showed that the responding cells were T lymphocytes. Mitogenic effect of the Parietaria pollen extract was excluded by the absence of proliferative PBMC response from cord blood of seven newborns. These results indicate that Parietaria-sensitive, other atopics and normal individuals have Parietaria-specific T cells able to proliferate in vitro to Parietaria allergens.

Cell Separation↗