PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Burkard

Publications and source records attributed to G Burkard.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Long-term study "Neurodermatitis therapy using urea-containing Externa"].

A long-term study on the therapy of atopic dermatitis with topical urea agents was conducted by over 400 practising dermatologists and pediatricians in Western Germany from March 1989 to March 1991. 1905 patients of all ages who had a baseline diagnosis of acute exacerbation of their neurodermatic skin condition were entered into this open, uncontrolled, multicenter study. Acute attacks were treated with a combination of hydrocortisone and urea. Once the acute symptoms had subsided, therapy was continued with a 10% urea ointment. Over the 12-month observational period, a total of 84% of the patients were exclusively treated with the two trial preparations and only 16% additionally required other corticosteroids.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1991

The complete amino acid sequence of the pathogenesis-related (PR2) protein induced in chemically stressed bean leaves.

We have established the complete sequence of the 155 amino acid residues of the pathogenesis-related protein PR2 accumulating in bean leaves treated with a mercuric chloride solution. Bean PR2 whose biological function remains to be elucidated, represents a structurally unfamiliar protein in which sequence arginine, cysteine, methionine and tryptophan residues are missing. This sequence is identical to that of bean PvPR1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Isolation of a complementary DNA encoding the bean PR4 chitinase: an acidic enzyme with an amino-terminus cysteine-rich domain.

The amino acid sequences of peptides generated by trypsin and chymotrypsin digestions of the acidic PR4 chitinase from bean were determined. Oligonucleotide primers derived from this sequence were used to synthesize a PR4 chitinase-specific probe by PCR-amplification. This probe allowed the isolation of cDNA clones encoding PR4 chitinase that have been sequenced. This acidic and extracellular chitinase shows some homology to the basic isoform from the same plant, and differs from other known acidic chitinases by the presence of an amino-terminal cysteine-rich domain. Southern blot analysis of bean genomic DNA revealed that PR4 chitinase is encoded by a single gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[The psychosocial status of patients with endogenous eczema. A study using cluster analysis for the correlation of psychological factors with somatic findings].

The present study was performed to investigate whether patients with atopic dermatitis differ as a group from controls on psychological measures of mood and personality or whether psychologically deviant and normal patient subgroups can be distinguished. Furthermore, we were interested in what clinical characteristics might co-vary with psychological disability in patients with atopic dermatitis. In all, 93 patients filled in a standardized mood scale (Hamburg-Erlanger-Stimmungsbarometer) and a personality scale (Kurztest zur Erfassung der Persönlichkeitsstruktur). Compared with matched controls, patients described themselves as being more anxious, more aroused, more depressed and less energetic, and they reached higher neuroticism scores. A cluster analysis identified four patient subgroups. Only one of the subgroups (n = 17) was psychologically disabled according to the questionnaire scores. In contrast to a psychologically stabile patient group, the psychologically disabled patients showed an earlier age of onset of dermatitis, but less intense itching and scratching. They reported more somatic complaints and a higher level of familial stress, were more dissatisfied with their life situation and work, had fewer friends and experienced more losses of significant others. Furthermore, they more frequently rated their disorder as being determined by psychological factors and were more intelligent. Thus, the questionnaires identified a subgroup of patients who may need psychotherapeutic interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Procedures for the quantitative follow-up control of computerized perimetric findings in glaucoma].

A statistical model for long-term follow-up of glaucomatous visual fields is described. Using an analysis of individual testpoints, a statistical evaluation of visual field change is done by the Bowker symmetry test. Eccentricity of test points in the visual field, density of scotomas and number of defective test points were used as parameters. The authors demonstrate that evaluation with this method is superior to methods using total sensitivity loss or mean sensitivity of the visual field. This model is currently being used in a retrospective and a prospective glaucoma study.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1987

In vitro synthesis and processing of a bean pathogenesis-related (PR4) protein.

When bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris var. Saxa) are treated with mercuric chloride or infected with alfalfa mosaic virus, they produce pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. We report here that functional mRNA encoding bean PR4 protein is only present when synthesis of this protein has been induced. Treatment with mercuric chloride results in a rapid induction of functional bean PR4 mRNA (within 2-3 h), whereas in virus-infected plants this mRNA can only be detected the second day following the infection. Bean PR4 protein is synthesized in vitro, using this mRNA in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, as a precursor of 35 kDa. This precursor can be processed into a polypeptide having the same molecular mass (33.5 kDa) as the in vivo PR4 protein by the addition to the cell-free translation system of canine pancreatic microsomal membranes.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1979

Fractionation and identification of spinach chloroplast transfer RNAs and mapping of their genes on the restriction map of chloroplast DNA.

Spinach chloroplast 4S RNAs has been separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis into about 35 species. After extraction from the gel, 27 of these RNA species were identified by aminoacylation as tRNAs specific for 16 amino acids. Individual tRNAs were labeled in vitro with 125I and hybridized to DNA fragments obtained by digestion of spinach chloroplast DNA with KpnI, PstI, SalI and XmaI restriction endonucleases. A minimum of 21 genes corresponding to tRNAs for 14 different amino acids have been localized on the restriction endonuclease cleavage site map of the DNA molecule. Of these, 15 genes corresponding to tRNAs for 12 amino acids are located in the larger of the two single-copy regions which separate the two inverted copies of the repeat region. Each copy of this repeat region contains a set of genes for the ribosomal RNAs and a gene for tRNA2Ile in the "spacer" sequence between the 16S and 23S ribosomal RNAs. The genes for tRNA1Ile, tRNA2Leu and tRNA3Leu also map in the repeat region, but outside the ribosomal DNA unit. At present, two more chloroplast tRNAs (for Pro and Lys) have been identified, but not mapped, while 4 unidentified 4S RNAs have been mapped in the large single-copy region of the DNA molecule. Evidence is presented that isoaccepting tRNA species can be transcripts from different loci.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMed1979

[Psychopathometric double blind study with nicergoline versus placebo in geriatric patients with slight transit syndromes].

A double-blind study was carried out on 56 geronto-psychiatric in-patients who suffered from cerebral metabolic and nutritional disturbances to prove the effectiveness of 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethyl-ergoline-8 beta-methanol-(5-bromonicotinate (nicergoline, Sermion). After a washout-phase of eight days the patients in the verum group received 3 x 1 dragée at 10 mg for a period of 12 weeks. For methodical reasons only patients with slight transit syndromes and, of these, only the first four weeks of examination were included in the present analysis. Thus 8 verum and 9 placebo patients remain whose findings during the trial are recorded in three procedures of capacity and two procedures of self-assessment (syndrome short test, repeating figures and letters, reading letters; scale for general somatic discomfort, scale for vegetative functional disturbances). In the measuring procedures there is a tendency towards improvement under the treatment with nicergline compared with placebo during the first three weeks. But the present results are not sufficient to come to a clear decision on the effectiveness of nicergoline in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Aminoacylation of Phaseolus vulgaris cytoplasmic, chloroplastic and mitochondrial tRNAsPro and tRNAsLys by homologous and heterologous enzymes.

The cytoplasmic prolyl-tRNA synthetase can be separated by hydroxyapatite chromatography, from the enzyme present in the chloroplasts and in the mitochondria (organellar enzyme). The cytoplasmic lysyl-tRNA synthetase can also be separated from the organellar enzyme. There are two tRNAsPro in the cytoplasm; they can be charged by the cytoplasmic enzyme, but not by the organellar enzyme or the Escherichia coli enzyme. Chloroplasts contain, in addition to the two cytoplasmic tRNAsPro, one chloroplast-specific tRNAPro, which is not recognized by the cytoplasmic enzyme, but can be charged by the organellar or the E. coli enzyme. Mitochondria contain, in addition to the two cytoplasmic tRNAsPro, two mitochondria-specific tRNAsPro, which are not recognized by the cytoplasmic enzyme, but can be charged by the organellar or the E. coli enzyme. There are two tRNAsLys in the cytoplasm. Both can be charged by the cytoplasmic enzyme, but one can be charged by the organellar or E. coli enzyme. Chloroplasts contain in addition to one cytoplasmic tRNALys, one chloroplast-specific tRNALys which can only be charged by the organellar or E. coli enzyme. Mitochondria contain, in addition to one cytoplasmic tRNALys, one mitochondria-specific tRNALys which can only be charged by the organellar or E. coli enzyme.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMed1975

Aminoacylation of tRNA-Leu species from Escherichia coli and from the cytoplasm, chloroplasts and mitochondria of Phaseolus vulgaris by homologous and heterologous enzymes.

Leucyl-tRNA synthetase from Phaseolus vulgaris chloroplasts could be separated from its cytoplasmic counterpart upon chromatography on hydroxyapatite, but the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetases could not be distinguished. The tRNALeu species from the various plant cell compartments and from Escherichia coli were aminoacylated using either homologous or heterologous enzymes; the levels of aminoacylation and the profiles of the leucyl-tRNAs upon reverse-phase chromatography were studied. Cytoplasmic tRNALeu species could be aminoacylated by the cytoplasmic or by the mitochondrial enzymes and in both cases yielded two peaks upon reverse-phase chromatography (RPC-5). But they could not be charged by the chloroplast-specific or by the E. coli enzynes. Mitochondrial tRNALeu species could be charged by the mitochondrial or by the cytoplasmic enzymes and in both cases yielded four peaks upon reverse phase (RPC-5) chromatography. But they could not be aminoacylated using the chloroplast-specific or the E. coli leucyl-tRNA synthetases. Chloroplastic tRNALeu species can be divided into two classes: the first class contains four isoacceptor species which can be charged by the cytoplasmic or mitochondrial enzymes, but not by the chloroplast-specific or the E. coli enzymes; the second class contains three chloroplast-specific tRNALeu species which can be charged by the chloroplast-specific or the E. coli enzymes but not by the cytoplasmic or the mitochondrial enzymes. There are five isoacceptor tRNALeu species in E. coli; all are charged by the E. coli or the chloroplast-specific enzymes, while only one is aminoacylated by the plant cytoplasmic or mitochondrial enzymes.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗