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Biomedical subjects

G C Hamilton

Publications and source records attributed to G C Hamilton.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Objectives to direct the training of emergency medicine residents on off-service rotations: electrocardiology.

This is a continuing series of objectives to direct resident training in emergency medicine. Electrocardiography may not receive individual attention in many training programs. However, the importance, omnipresence, and medicolegal potential of electrocardiography in the practice of emergency medicine suggests its individual attention. Contents and specific learning objectives are presented to provide guidelines for resident mastery, following the format presented by preceding subjects.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1991

Autonomous departments of emergency medicine in contemporary academic medical centers.

There are currently 20 autonomous departments of emergency medicine in United States medical schools. EDs seeking autonomous status should institute a faculty development program to channel faculty energy into worthwhile research projects; establish protected time for clinical faculty to increase research productivity; develop expertise to compete for extramural funding; initiate an intramural research program so that faculty can learn the basics of grantsmanship; teach health care issues in ambulatory medicine; become involved in interdisciplinary teaching programs and curriculum development; maintain the present faculty commitment to 24-hour attending coverage; and develop university-based programs that originate from the ED. Program directors should establish liaisons with the medical school dean to acquaint him with the advantages of an autonomous department of emergency medicine; attempt to assess other relationships within the medical school to determine support for emergency medicine and to uncover and address opposition to autonomous departmental status; attempt to serve on medical school committees to meet other faculty, solve problems with them and develop trusting relationships; and develop broad-based support for autonomous departmental status both within and outside of the university. By devising and following a deliberate approach to attaining departmental status, emergency medicine will be assured of continued growth in the important decade ahead.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1989

Influence of emergency medical services systems and prehospital defibrillation on survival of sudden cardiac death victims.

This article reviews the influence of emergency medical systems and prehospital defibrillation on survival of sudden cardiac death. The historical perspective and epidemiologic considerations of prehospital sudden cardiac death are highlighted. Factors predictive of successful resuscitation and impact of community activity on sudden death are discussed. Influences of emergency medical services on outcome of prehospital cardiac arrest are reviewed, with emphasis on the role of dispatchers, emergency medical technicians, and paramedics. The recent emergence of prehospital automatic defibrillation by emergency medical technicians, first responders, and lay persons is discussed in depth, as it has great potential to positively influence outcome of prehospital sudden cardiac death.

Death, Sudden↗
PubMed1989

Content listings for consistency of policies and procedures in an academic department.

Communicating expectations is central to effective management. In a large academic department spread over several sites, written guidelines are often necessary to limit misinterpretation of these expectations. Three "operation manuals" for residents, faculty, and support staff were developed to supply these guidelines. They have evolved into an effective means of communicating departmental policy and standards for performance. The table of contents are provided as a guide for those developing new academic departments.

Communication↗
PubMed1986

Hemoglobin/hematocrit and other erythrocyte parameters.

The authors review erythrocyte physiology, blood collection, and laboratory methodology for enumerating blood cells. The clinical interpretation of abnormal erythrocyte parameters is discussed, and the emergency department approach to anemia and polycythemia is detailed.

Anemia↗
PubMed1986

Platelet count.

An estimate of the platelet count is usually given as part of the complete blood count (CBC). It should not be neglected when reviewing CBC results as it is a fair screening test and satisfactory for most purposes in the emergency department. It is a quantitative study, and the functional status of the platelet must always be considered in interpretation of clinical significance. Patients presenting with abnormal bleeding histories, particularly women with mucosal origin bleeding, should have an evaluation of platelet quantity by an accurate method and functional quality by a bleeding time. Though rarely used, the emergency physician should be familiar with the indication and mechanics of platelet transfusions. The laboratory charge for the platelet count is $17.00 to 18.00, whether it is automated or hand counted.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A course in anatomy for emergency medicine residents.

The understanding of human anatomy is a critical component of the practice of medicine. A specialty with the breadth of emergency medicine is best approached with a sound basis in anatomy and pathophysiology which leads to a better understanding and differential diagnosis of the disease process. It was the authors' opinion that a specialty with the surgical emphasis found in emergency medicine should have a correlating emphasis in the anatomical sciences. Subsequent testing of PGY-II residents demonstrated a fair to poor understanding of anatomy when gauged by a standard freshman anatomy examination tailored to clinical circumstances. This paper reports on a 3-year experience in giving a 1-week 40-hour anatomy course which included didactic presentations by the anatomy and surgery departments. The impact of this course on clinical practice, problems in its preparation, and outcome of a shared experience with residents from general surgery are discussed. The course is felt to be a successful addition to the training of emergency medicine specialists.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1985

The Cincinnati DC-9 experience: lessons in aircraft and airport safety.

Twenty-three passengers died on June 2, 1983, when a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 experienced an inflight rear lavatory fire near Cincinnati, OH. Evidence of toxic fume inhalation was developed by investigators, demonstrating lethal levels of carbon monoxide and cyanide in the victims' blood. An analysis of the inflight progression of fire and smoke, and the subsequent extension of this following the emergency landing at Greater Cincinnati Airport has been accomplished. This data is augmented by other data from previous accidents of this type. Data from interviews with survivors was collected, including inflight experiences, emergency escape processes and airport disaster management during the emergency. Several practical means of respiratory protection both inflight and during emergency evacuation are documented. Onboard preventive measures in regard to this type of emergency have been identified. Emergency evacuation and modern airport disaster management techniques are codified and described. This recent accident provides information for future adoption by the responsible authorities so that inflight and postflight fires do not continue to cause significant numbers of fatalities. Modified lightweight passenger breathing apparatus, upgraded flight attendant and aircrew portable breathing apparatus, floor level guidance to exits, less flammable and toxic interior materials, improved passenger evacuation information, tailored airport emergency response procedures, and upgraded toilet smoke detector equipment are examples.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1984

Single-dose antibiotic therapy of urinary tract infection: is it appropriate in the emergency department?

Accurate diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) is possible in the emergency department. Clinical differentiation of upper tract infection (pyelonephritis) from lower tract infection (cystitis) is difficult. The consequences of untreated UTI justify treatment by the emergency physician. Many treatment schemes are available. Single-dose antibiotic therapy is the preferred treatment method for uncomplicated UTI. It reduces compliance problems, effectively cures lower UTI, and provides for early identification of patients with more complex infection. The complications of this therapy are minimal.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗