PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Cardellino

Publications and source records attributed to G Cardellino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effects of a cable car trip on blood pressure and cardiovascular hormones in lowlander and highlander normotensives.

The effects of a cable car trip from 1370 m (4500 ft) to 3460 m (11350 ft) were studied in 6 lowlanders (3 men and 3 women, mean age 31 +/- 4 years, living at an altitude of less than 500 m) and in 10 highlanders (all males, mean age 37 +/- 12 years, ski teachers and cable car workers working for greater than or equal to 6 months/year at a greater than 3000 m). Cuff blood pressure (BP), heart rate, plasma catecholamines, serum renin, aldosterone, ACTH and cortisol were measured immediately before and 20 min after the trip, at rest and at the same air temperature. A handgrip test was also performed under the same conditions. At baseline, lowlanders and highlanders showed significant differences in diastolic BP (86 +/- 5 mmHg in lowlanders and 91 +/- 4 mmHg in highlanders, p = 0.05), plasma noradrenaline (323 +/- 114 pg/ml in lowlanders and 585 +/- 255 in highlanders, p less than 0.05), serum renin (10 +/- 6 pg/ml in lowlanders and 17 +/- 8 in highlanders, p less than 0.05), and serum cortisol (163 +/- 54 ng/ml in lowlanders and 120 +/- 25 in highlanders, p less than 0.01). The acute exposure to high altitude did not modify BP, heart rate or any of the measured cardiovascular hormones in either group. The handgrip test provoked a significant increase in systolic and diastolic BP in both lowlanders and highlanders (p less than 0.01), and this response was not modified by the change in altitude; however, highlanders showed significantly smaller increases in systolic BP than lowlanders at both altitudes (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1989

Antihypertensive effect of slow-release nicardipine. A placebo-controlled cross-over study.

The magnitude and duration of the antihypertensive effect of slow-release nicardipine (SR-Nicardipine) have been compared with placebo in 36 uncomplicated essential hypertensives (diastolic BP 95 to 115 mm Hg after 1-month placebo washout). According to a double-blind, randomized, cross-over design they received SR-Nicardipine 40 mg b.d. and placebo for 1 month. At the end of each treatment period, blood pressure and heart rate were measured 12 h after the evening dose and 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after the morning dose. SR-Nicardipine significantly reduced systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure at each time after dosing. The absolute decrements peaked 4 h after dosing (-18.3 and -11.7 mm Hg, respectively) and more than 90% of the peak effect persisted 12 h after dosing, both for SBP and DBP. The heart rate was slightly increased by SR-Ni-cardipine. Adverse effects monitored with a check-list occurred in 31% of patients during SR-Nicardipine treatment and in 28% on placebo. Thus, SR-Nicardipine 40 mg b.d. has a maintained and significant antihypertensive effect lasting up to 12 h in essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Alveolo-arterial gradients of O2 and CO2 in hyperlipidemic subjects.

In 20 hypertriglyceridemic normocholesterolemic patients, mean age 51 years (range 42-62), +/- 10% ideal body weight, and in 18 normolipidemic controls, mean age 49 years (range 42-63), +/- 10% ideal body weight, the following tests were performed: spirometry, flow-volume curves, arterial blood gases, alveolo-capillary transfer of CO, alveolo-arterial gradients of O2 and arterio-alveolar gradients of CO2. A significant decrease in the arterial partial pressure of O2 and in the transfer of CO, with a significant increase in the alveolo-arterial gradient of O2 were found. Hypertriglyceridemia seems to compromise the alveolo-capillary gas exchange.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Action of heparin on pulmonary lipids and alveolar surfactant in rabbits].

The effect of subcutaneous 1000 IU/kg calcic heparin every 12 hr for 7 days on lung lipids and pulmonary surfactant was examined in 10 male rabbits weighing 2.5-3.5 kg. Comparison with an identical control group showed a decrease in phospholipids and lecithins in the lung homogenate extract and in the alveolar liquid bubble stability index. The difference in the means was highly significant (P less than 0.001) for all three parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[The arterio-alveolar CO2 gradient. Physiopathological and clinical significance].

The arterio-alveolar CO(2) gradient was examined in 20 patients with various ventilation diseases. It increased or became negative in obstruction. The tendency to increase was attributable to distribution disturbances, particularly the marked increase in the "dead space" effect. The same picture, though to a lesser degree, owing to a smaller dead space increase, was even more frequent in restriction cases. The appearance of a gradient in healthy subjects is referable to uneven air and blood distribution in the alveoli under physiological conditions. The physiopathological significance of negative gradients is discussed in the light of the results and the findings of other workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Allergological findings in rhinitis-asthmatic subjects].

A comparison was made between skin-positive and skin-negative subjects in an allergological study of 404 patients with rhinitis and asthma. The two diseases had appeared simultaneously in 52.72% of cases, while rhinitis had appeared first in 35.14%. Respiratory disturbances had occurred more frequently before the age of 30 yr in allergic subjects and between 20 and 50 yr in skin-negative subjects. Familial allergy was noted in 34% and a personal history of skin allergy in 21%. Associations with conjunctivitis, chronic bronchitis and nasal polyposis were noted in about 50%, 13% and 4% respectively. Nearly all skin-negative subjects had disturbances the whole year round, as did 47.67% of the skin-positives, while 36.53% of the latter had disturbances in spring and summer only. A positive reaction to at least one allergen was noted in 79.95%. Pollens were positive in 70.58%, dusts, vegetables fibres and skin derivatives in 66.25%, and moulds in 33.12%. The allergens used and the number of positives obtained with each are listed. It is felt that reaction to pollen should be investigated in such subjects, even when their symptoms are not sea sonal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Allergological study of subjects with chronic rhinitis].

The following parameters were considered in an allergological study of 362 subjects with chronic rhinitis unaccompanied by bronchial asthma: sex, age at onset, residence, familial allergy, personal history, season in which distrubances occurred, nasal polyps, concomitance of conjunctivitis, appear of chronic bronchitis, skin tests for dusts, vegetable fibres, skin derivatives, pollens and moulds. A positive allergometric response was noted in 60.77% and familial allergy in 30.93%. Skin manifestations were observed in 20.99%. Conjunctivitis was present in 55.24%, most of whom were skin-positive; nasal polyps were present in 4.69%, most of whom were skin-negative. 1.65% had chronic bronchitis. 79.54% of the skin-positive subjects were sensitive to pollens, 47.72% to "inhalants" (28.18% to household dust), and 30% to moulds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Corticoids and alveolar surfactant. Experimental study].

The effect of cortisone on the production of surfactant was studied by measuring the tensioactive property of the alveolar fluid, evaluated with Pattle's method. The stability ratio (R.S.) values obtained in 12 guinea-pigs following cortisone administration were all within normal limits. In rabbits treated with prednisolone during a number of fast days, S.R. values were lower than normal in 9 cases out of 10. The results of this study would seem to exclude any influence of the administration of cortisone on the activity of the alveolar surfactant.

Animals↗