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Biomedical subjects

G Carmenini

Publications and source records attributed to G Carmenini.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Left ventricular function, cardiac dysrhythmias, atrial activation, and volumes in nondipper hypertensive individuals with left ventricular hypertrophy.

BACKGROUND: Arrhythmic patterns and left ventricular geometric adaptations to pressure overload were investigated in 76 patients with untreated borderline-to-moderate sustained essential hypertension studied by 2-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography, 12-lead, Holter, and signal-averaged electrocardiography, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty-two age- and sex-matched normal adults were chosen for data comparison. Hypertrophic hypertensive patients were subdivided into 2 subgroups: 44 patients with nocturnal blood pressure reduction (dippers) and 32 patients without it (nondippers). Common afterload and diastolic function indexes were found to be lower in combined nondipper and dipper groups, but only fractional shortening decreased in nondippers. The number of premature atrial and ventricular contractions per hour was high in dippers and nondippers, with no statistically significant differences between them; atrial and ventricular complex dysrhythmias were similar. Signal-averaged electrocardiography showed a prolonged P-wave duration in dipper and nondipper patients with high atrial volumes but no late ventricular potentials and no difference in quantitative P-wave analysis. Left atrial volumes, P-wave duration, and premature atrial contractions were found to be positively linked to left ventricular hypertrophy. In nondipper patients a linear correlation was observed between left atrial volume and P-wave duration, although supraventricular ectopic activity was connected to left atrial volume enlargement both in dipper and nondipper patients. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the nondipper pattern is not linked to a worse arrhythmogenic substrate; only atrial volume increase may be related to significant supraventricular activity and prolonged atrial activation in nondipper patients, but late ventricular potentials are uncommon in hypertrophic hypertensive patients.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed2000

Life habits and cardiovascular risk in a group of bank employees in Rome.

BACKGROUND: For the past thirty years, many countries, especially the USA, have been performing clinical and laboratory studies to establish the most prominent disease risk factors, in particular those involved in cardiovascular diseases. The main aim of these studies is to reduce disease related risks by intervening at an early age. METHODS: We studied 305 patients, 198 males and 107 females, all employees in Rome, mean age 40.8 years (+/- 8.22), enrolled from September 1988 to December 1989. We measured the main anthropometric parameters and performed otolaryngologic and ocular examination, a telecardiogram and an EKG; the following analyses were performed: hemochrome, ESR uric acid, azotemia, glycemia, AST, ALT, gamma GT, bilirubinemia, proteic electrophoresis, triglyceridemia, total cholesterolemia, HDL cholesterolemia, creatinine, urine examination, Pap-Test for women. Lifestyle habits that might be considered cardiovascular disease risk factors were considered and hygienic eating habits were suggested. Seven years later, in 1997, 100 of these patients were randomly selected (51 man and 49 women) and underwent the same clinical and laboratory tests as before. RESULTS: The results suggest a deep correlation between lifestyles and the increase of some cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The authors believe that this study can be of some help in guiding future preventive medicine interventions that may be carried out on this population sample.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Spectral analysis of heart rate variability in elderly non-dipper hypertensive patients.

To assess by autoregressive model the frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV) during clinostatism and after passive orthostatic load (head-up tilt), 81 hypertensive and normotensive subjects (42 men and 39 women) were subdivided into four groups: 20 adult normotensive subjects (Group 1); 21 elderly normotensive subjects (Group 2); 20 elderly hypertensive subjects with nocturnal blood pressure (BP) falls (Group 3); and 20 elderly hypertensive subjects without nocturnal BP falls (Group 4). They were chosen to assess the influence of aging and arterial hypertension on sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. The age-related decrease observed in nearly all HRV spectral frequency components (normalised units [NUs], high frequency [HF] and low frequency [LF]) was reported in elderly patients in rest conditions. LF indexes resulted in decreases in Group 3 and these data seemed to be emphasised in Group 4. After passive tilt, spectral data were recorded as follows: 25.3+/-1.8 vs 17.8+/-2.2 HF, Group 2 vs Group 1, P<0.001; 72.5+/-0.8 vs 75.6+/-1.8 LF, P< 0.001, Group 2 vs Group 1. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic indexes were lower in Group 3 (44.6+/-1.1 vs 72.5+/-0.8 LF, P< 0.001, Group 3 vs Group 2; 9.9+/-1.8 vs 25.3+/-1.8 HF, P < 0.001, Group 3 vs Group 2) and data became clearer in Group 4 (8.5 2.1 vs 9.9+/-1.8 HF, P< 0.001; 40.4+/-1.5 vs 44.6+/-1.1 LF, Group 4 vs Group 3). The established influence of aging on autonomic nervous system activity appears to be increased by arterial hypertension due to worsening of the sympathetic-parasympathetic response to standardised stimulation. The loss of nocturnal BP declines in arterial hypertension was found to occur in association with a decrease in autonomic nervous system activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Ovarian cancer and unilateral naevoid telangiectasia: a rare association.

The Authors describe the case of a 58-year-old woman affected by erythematous telangiectasis lesions on the antero-lateral surface of the right hip during papillary serous cystoadenocarcinoma of the right ovary. The diagnosis, based on clinical and histological findings, was unilateral naevoid telangiectasia. After a review of literature the Authors assume a possible role of the oestrogens in the pathogenesis of such infrequent disease.

Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous↗
PubMed1994

[Juvenile dyslipidemia as early risk factor for atherosclerosis. Analysis of a sample of school age boys].

Atherosclerosis appears already in the first years of life. Several factors may accelerate the age of onset and the gravity of its symptoms. Particular importance is attributed to lipid metabolism in youth. Ther Authors studied the rates of cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, apolipoproteins AI and B100, lipoprotein a and several anamnestic and anthropometric parameters in a group of 103 young people of Rome, between 16 and 19 years of age. They processed these data statistically and compared them with those of a similar American group. The results showed a tendency to fatness in the Italian sample, and to dyslipidosis in the American group. Besides, the subjects who had been breast-fed presented higher blood levels of cholesterol and apolipoprotein B100.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Behçet disease. Description of three cases with manifestations at multiple localizations. Current status of understanding].

On the basis of their personal experience and of a review of the literature, the authors stress that in view of its multiple localizations Behçet's disease must be considered a systemic disorder. The authors further stress the importance of recognizing by new and more suitable diagnostic methods all atypical localizations of this pathology in order to ensure early detection and appropriate management.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Horton's bitemporal arteritis. A case report].

The authors report a case of Horton's arteritis in a woman (aged 76) presented some peculiarities. The arteritis simultaneously interested both superficial temporal arteries; in a second time caused a bilateral "claudicatio masticationis"; induced a worsening of extrapyramidal symptoms from which the patient had been suffering for many years, due to the possible involvement also of the endocranial arteries. The histologic picture on a biopsy of the left temporal artery was typical of the Horton's disease, but without giant cells; the authors suppose that this is due to a therapy with FANS administered before carrying out the biopsy. The patient was treated with cortisone per os at a low dosage, causing a quick regression of the symptoms and a normalization of the laboratory tests. Also this result differs from what most authors have observed: they maintain that Horton's arteritis has become rather resistant to the cortisone therapy and required high dosage for a very long time. The authors maintain that precocity of diagnosis and an immediate treatment can influence in a significant way the course of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Headache in Horton's disease: the clinical picture and physiopathogenetic mechanisms].

Headache is no doubt one of the most frequent symptom in Horton's disease. Nevertheless it has neither received a clear definition nor it has been studied in its pathogenetic aspects. The authors report 32 cases of Horton's disease in acute phase with arteritic localizations in different areas. Among them 24 (75%) had headache which appeared with different features from case to case. The authors identify 3 different kinds of headache, all recognizable in the secondary medical forms: epicritic headache (the most frequent), deep headache and generic headache (the rarest). The characters and the pathogenetic mechanisms of each form are also described.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Polymyalgia rheumatica and systemic giant cell arteritis. Bioptic findings of the subclavian arteries in a case of aortic arch syndrome.

A 64 year old woman complained of aches and stiffness of the neck and the shoulders with fever and E.S.R. increase. A nonsteroid anti-inflammatory treatment was unsuccessful. A clinical examination revealed absence of both radial pulses and presence of murmurs at level of the carotids. The angiographic findings confirmed an aortic arch syndrome with severe stenosis of the subclavian and axillary arteries. The diagnostic approach, in spite of a negativity of the temporal artery biopsy, was for systemic giant cell arteries with general manifestations of polymyalgia rheumatica. The biopsies of both subclavian arteries, performed during a surgery revascularization, showed a typical giant cell arteries in acute stage. The histopathological pattern of extratemporal giant cell arteries obtained by means of a surgical biopsy is really uncommon, being the previous reports performed on necroscopic findings only. In addition this case confirms that polymyalgia rheumatica implies a systemic arteries even if the clinical and histopathological signs of temporal arteritis are lacking. Therefore the temporal artery should be only considered as a particular and inconstant localization of this vasculitis.

Aortic Arch Syndromes↗