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Biomedical subjects

G Carr

Publications and source records attributed to G Carr.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Isolation and growth of human periodontal ligament cells in vitro.

The periodontal ligaments from single human teeth were dissected free of the root surface and plated into culture dishes. In each case two populations of cells were obtained: fibroblasts and epithelial cells. These two populations were separated and grown in culture. The epithelial nature of the epithelioid-appearing cells was confirmed by staining for keratin, exclusively an epithelial cell protein.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1982

Night-time indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis.

Indomethacin is commonly prescribed at night to relieve morning stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions are frequently described with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and the rationale of using more than one of these agents at the same time is questionable. A randomized crossover trial was carried out in 14 patients to compare the effects of 100 mg indomethacin at night with those of placebo when added to a baseline regimen of stabilized salicylate therapy with a slow-release preparation. Each treatment was given for 2 weeks. The results suggest that the addition of indomethacin produced no significant benefit in terms of reduction in the duration of morning stiffness or on the overall daily pain score.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1979

The urinary excretions of iron and chromium by children with burns and scalds.

There is a wide variation in the urinary output of chromium by children who have been burned or scalded. It seems possible that when the excretion of chromium is increased this may be related to an increased plasma concentration of glucose which may follow injury, and when the excretion of chromium is reduced this may be related to a low body content of chromium. During the first seven days after injury there is a significant increase in the excretion of iron. Likewise the iron/chromium ratio is also raised over the first seven days. The overall loss of iron during the first twelve days or thereabouts is probably not sufficient to require nutritional supplements over this period.

Burns↗
PubMed1979

Attenuation of ethanol intake by 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake blockade in laboratory rats. I. Involvement of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine in the mediation of the positive reinforcing properties of ethanol.

The role of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) uptake blockade in the mediation of the positive reinforcing peroperties of ethanol in male wistar rats was investigated. It was demonstrated that treatment with zimelidine (H102/09) a 5-HT uptake inhibitor, specifically attenuated ethanol consumption. In an attempt to extinguish the ethanol drinking response, ethanol preferring animals in a second experiment, were provided with ethanol as the only source of fluid in combination with zimelidine treatment. Animals treated in such a manner subsequently reduced their ethanol consumption when presented with a free-choice between ethanol and water. These results were attributed to an increased availability of central 5-HT, suggesting that central 5-HT mechanisms may in some way be involved in the mediation of the positive reinforcing properties of ethanol.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1979

Attenuation of ethanol intake by 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake blockade in laboratory rats: II. Possible interaction with brain norepinephrine.

This experiment was undertaken to examine whether the attenuation of ethanol consumption following treatment with zimelidine (H102/09) could be due to an invasion of surplus serotonin into norepinephrine neurons. In an attempt to prevent this proposed invasion by serotonin, ethanol preferring animals were pre-treated with desmethylimipramine (DMI), a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, prior to treatment with zimelidine. The results demonstrated that those animals treated in such a manner consumed significantly more ethanol than those animals treated with zimelidine alone. Based on these results it is suggested that the observed attenuation of ethanol consumption following zimelidine treatment, could be partially due to a serotonin-induced functional depletion of norepinephrine.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1976

The concentration of glycine by preparations of the yeast Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis depleted of adenosine triphosphate: Effects of proton gradients and uncoupling agents.

1. At pH 4.5 and 30degreesC, yeast preparations depleted of ATP in the presence of antimycin and deoxyglucose spontaneously lost K+, gaining roughly an equivalent amount of H+. 2. Five proton conductors including azide and 2,4-dinitrophenol accelerated this process, as did [14C]glycine, which was absorbed with two extra equivalents of H+. 3. The rate of glycine uptake at pH 4.5 diminished fourfold when cellular K+ fell by 20%. 4. The distribution of [14C]propionate indicated that the intracellular pH fell from 6.2 to 5.7 when the cellular content of K+ fell by 30%. 5. Glycine uptake from a 5 muM solution was about 400 times faster at pH 4.5 than it was at pH 7.4 with 100mM-KC1 present ostensibly to lower the membrane potential. 6. Yeast preparations containing 2mM-[14C]glycine absorbed a further amount from a 0.1 muM solution at pH 4.5. After about 10 min a net movement of [14C]glycine out of the yeast occurred. The ratio of the cellular [14Ia1glycine concentration to the concentration outside the yeast reached 4 X 10(4) in these assays, whereas at pH 7.4 in the presence of 100mM-KC1 it did not exceed 15 in 3h. Dimitrophenol lowered the accumulation ratio at pH 4.5, apparently by causing proton conduction. 7. The observations are consistent with the notion that glycine uptake is driven by a proton symport mechanism. 8. Possible factors governing the strikingly low rate of glycine efflux as opposed to its optimum rate of influx are discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1975

Zinc and copper urinary excretions in children with burns and scalds.

The daily urinary losses of zinc and copper have been measured over periods of up to 12 days following thermal injury in 18 children. Comparison with measurements of zinc and copper excretions in 35 control children showed that after injury by burning or scalding, the urinary excretions of both metals were increased in many of the patients. After severe injury, high urinary outputs of zinc and copper persisted for up to two months following injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ethnography of an HIV hotel.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has created new communities of need among people infected with the virus who are already marginalized by poverty, sexual activity and identity, and drug use. An ethnography of one residential hotel in San Francisco, based on the concept of culture, reveals some themes including the meanings of the hotel as a supportive community for residents, the meanings of drug use in this culture, and the meanings of working in such sites for some nurses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The inheritance of the leopard complex of spotting patterns in horses.

The leopard complex of white spotting patterns in horses consists of the leopard, few-spot leopard, blanket, blanket with spots, varnish roan (or marble), snowflake, frosted, speckled, and mottled patterns. Horses with any of these patterns can produce the other patterns when mated to nonpatterned horses. Twenty-two horses of the Welsh Pony, Noriker, Appaloosa, and Pony of the Americas breeds produced 270 foals in a distribution consistent with a single dominant allele being responsible for the patterns. The symbol for this dominant allele, Lp, is retained from previous work on the leopard pattern. Heterozygotes are less extensively marked than are homozygotes, but the two classes overlap. The differences in the patterns are related to varying degrees of expression of this allele.

Alleles↗