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Biomedical subjects

G Catanzano

Publications and source records attributed to G Catanzano.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Immunohistochemical study of lesions in Horton's temporal arteritis before and during corticotherapy].

The immunohistochemical study was performed on temporal artery biopsies from eight patients with giant cell (temporal) arteritis: three before treatment, four after a short period of corticosteroid therapy (from 1 day to 7 days) and one during relapse occurring after a treatment of 9 years; from four subjects with clinical symptoms but without histological features of giant cell arteritis and from five negative controls. Before treatment, biopsies of patients with temporal arteritis showed an inflammatory infiltrate with macrophages and T cells, essentially CD4+ and memory T cells (CD45 RO+), expressing the markers of activation IL2 receptor and HLA DR. Few B and NK cells were also detected. Adhesion molecules, LFA1 and I-CAM1, were strongly expressed by T cells and macrophages. In contrast, the ligand to the CD2, the CD58 marker, was rarely detected. These immunohistochemical features were also observed after a short corticosteroid treatment (by intravenous methylprednisolone or oral prednisone), with presence of activated T cells, memory T cells, macrophages and I-CAM1 and LFA1 expressing cells in the infiltrate. A temporal biopsy, performed after a long time of corticosteroid therapy, showed activated T cells, macrophages and memory cells in o,ne arteriole. In controls, this study showed some mononuclear cells dispersed in intima and adventia, but without activated or memory T cells. Our results support the presence of immune local response in temporal arteritis, incompletely improved by a short corticosteroid treatment.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1993

[Immunohistochemical study of lesions of temporal arteritis in Horton's disease].

Fourteen monoclonal antibodies were used to immunohistochemically label 22 temporal artery biopsy specimens taken from patients with temporal arteritis before treatment (n = 10), after 1.3 days of corticotherapy (n = 6) and after 12-30 days of steroids (n = 6). Histological sections from untreated patients revealed an inflammatory infiltrate comprised of approximately equal proportions of macrophages and T lymphocytes; the majority of the latter belonged to the CD4+ subset (the CD4+/CD8+ ratio varied from 2/1 to 4/1, depending upon the biopsy). These cells expressed high levels of HLA DR and low levels of interleukin-2 (IL2) receptors. A few B lymphocytes and plasmocytes were seen, mainly in the adventitia. Antigen-presenting cells (APC) were always found in the damaged media and natural killer cells (few in number) were sometimes present. Some macrophages were positively immunolabeled for IL6. A short, 1-to-3-day course of corticosteroids did not appreciably modify the lesions: cells remained highly activated, APC were seen in half the biopsies and IL6 immunolabeling persisted. The findings were essentially the same in treated but poorly controlled patients. Biopsies from 2 patients in clinical and biological remission revealed the persistence of an active immunological process. These observations indicate that the immunological process is poorly controlled by corticosteroid therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Erythema elevatum diutinum in a patient with relapsing polychondritis.

A 69-year-old man with a history of relapsing polychondritis developed a widespread cutaneous eruption that was clinically and histologically typical of erythema elevatum diutinum. This eruption was accompanied by a recurrence of arthralgias. The significance of this association between relapsing polychondritis and erythema elevatum diutinum, which has not been previously reported, is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Formation of molecular iodine during oxidation of iodide by the peroxidase/H2O2 system. Implications for antithyroid therapy.

The first step in the biogenesis of thyroid hormones is the oxidation of iodides taken up by the thyroid gland. Oxidation of I- by the H2O2/peroxidase system leads to the formation of iodinium ions I+ which bond to thyroglobulin by electrophilic substitution. However, it is not clear whether I- is transformed directly to I+ or whether it passes through a molecular iodine intermediate. This latter possibility is indicated by the oxidation potentials of the reactions. I2 can be detected in vitro from the formation of I3- ions, although this has yet to be confirmed in vivo. The present study was designed to determine, albeit indirectly, whether this reaction occurs in vivo. If I2 is produced, it may form charge transfer complexes with numerous drugs. We also investigated the action of various drugs on lactoperoxidase and assessed their antithyroid activity in the rat by assay of plasma levels of T3, T4, and TSH. We found a good correlation between the value of Kc, the formation constant of the complex of the drug with molecular iodine, and the antithyroid activity in vivo. This correlation was observed in four different classes of compound. The possibility that molecular iodine is produced in the thyroid gland has implications for antithyroid therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Cicatricial pemphigoid antigen differs from bullous pemphigoid antigen by its exclusive extracellular localization: a study by indirect immunoelectronmicroscopy.

Several components of the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) bear the name of the autoimmune bullous disease in which they are involved. The epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) antigen, a component of anchoring fibrils, and the bullous pemphigoid (BP) antigen, a component of hemidesmosomes (HD) with a molecular weight of 220-240 kD, have been well characterized. In contrast, there is little data known about the cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) antigen. No differences between CP and BP have been reported when sera of patients were studied by Western immunoblotting. Findings of a study of sera from 8 patients with CP by indirect immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) on normal human skin are reported. Saponin (0.1% 10 mn) was used as a permeabilizing agent of cytomembranes and saponin-treated skin samples were compared to saponin-untreated skin samples. Four sera from patients with BP, one from a patient with EBA, and three from healthy donors served as controls. The CP sera produced a similar staining of DEJ on both saponin-treated and saponin-untreated skin samples: immune deposits were localized over the lamina densa and the lower part of the lamina lucida clearly separated from the cytoplasmic membrane of keratinocytes, in regularly spaced clumps. The BP sera produced an intense staining of DEJ only on saponin-treated skin samples: immune deposits were observed on the cytoplasmic attachment plaque of the HD; on saponin-untreated skin samples, BP sera produced only a faint staining of the extracellular part of HD. Finally, as expected the EBA serum appeared on the lower part of the lamina densa and anchoring fibrils, and no DAB deposits were observed with the serum of healthy donors. This data indicated that CP antigen is different than BP antigen by its exclusive extracellular localization. It may be a component of anchoring filaments.

Autoantigens↗
PubMed1991

[Gazeous necrosis of the liver due to hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation].

An emergency liver transplantation was performed in a 22 year-old female for fulminant hepatitis. The donor had had splenectomy with portal vein thrombosis which was diagnosed and removed during portoscopy. Nineteen days later, abdominal pain with shock and hepatic failure occurred. X-rays showed pneumoperitoneum and aeric images in the liver area. Laparotomy disclosed massive liver necrosis with gaz under the Glisson's capsula. The hepatic artery was thrombosed. In spite of emergency retransplantation, the patient died 8 days later, due to systemic aspergillosis. Thrombosis of hepatic artery was particular by the importance of gaz-forming infection, and emphasizes the role of rejection. The discovery of portal thrombosis allows to outline the precautions necessary in case of splenectomized donors. The severeness of aspergillosis is underscored.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis. An atypical case due to nadoxolol?

A 74-year-old woman developed a generalized pustular dermatosis with erythema-multiforme-like and vesiculobullous lesions 10 days after beginning a treatment by nadoxolol. Despite the clinical polymorphism of the eruption, histology constantly revealed the presence of subcorneal pustules, even within the epidermis overlying subepidermal bullae. The eruption spontaneously healed after discontinuation of nadoxolol.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Sarcoidosis of the ethmoid sinus. Apropos of a case].

We report the case of a 78 year old man with unilateral persistent headache and associated bilateral kerato-conjunctivitis and minor skin lesions. Chronic ethmoiditis was diagnosed on a CT scan, and endoscopically controlled endonasal ethmoidal biopsy gave the diagnosis of sarcoid and hence the treatment. A nodular type isolated pulmonary lesion, atypical for sarcoidosis, also disappeared on steroid therapy. A review of the literature showed this to be an exceptionally rare form of the disease.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1990

The mechanism of action of synthetic antithyroid drugs: iodine complexation during oxidation of iodide.

A number of compounds of pharmaceutical importance from a variety of chemical families, including thiocyanates, isothiocyanates, thiourea and derivatives, imidazoles, and various amines, were found to form charge transfer complexes with iodine. Parallel studies were carried out to investigate the actions of these drugs on lactoperoxidase and thyroid activity in vivo in the rat (assays of T3 and T4 and histology of the thyroid gland). The results showed that there was a good correlation between the value of Kc (the formation constant of the iodinated complex) and antithyroid activity in vivo. The higher the electron donor power of the compound, the higher the Kc value and the stronger the action on the thyroid. The results indicated that a number of drugs could have secondary antithyroid activity. Some compounds, such as levamisole, tetramethylthiourea, tetrahydrozoline, phenothiazines, and imipramines, with no action on peroxidase had high Kc values (tetramethylthiourea, 13,825 liters/M) and had strong antithyroid activity in the rat. These results suggest that synthetic antithyroid agents may act either on peroxidase and/or the molecular iodine which may be produced by oxidation of iodides (2I(-)----I2----2I+). It has been shown that oxidation of I- can occur in the absence of thyroglobulin. In the absence of a suitable receptor, significant amounts of I2 may, thus, accumulate. The action of such drugs on molecular iodine may have considerable pharmacological significance.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

[Alithiasic cholecystitis and viral hepatitis B disclosing periarteritis nodosa].

The authors report the case of a patient with acute alithiasic cholecystitis associated with viral B hepatitis revealing periarteritis nodosa. Histopathological results showed signs of focal arteritis in the gallbladder and liver. Because of the negativity of the viral DNA in serum and the lack of histopathological necrosis in hepatic specimen, the patient was treated by steroid therapy only with a rapid regression of signs of vasculitis and the disappearance of the hepatitis markers.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Giant leiomyoma of the esophagus detected by echocardiography and corroborated by x-ray computed tomography and surgery].

The authors report the case of a 44 year old man with a giant leiomyoma of the lower third of the esophagus. The patient presented with chest pain and the tumour was detected by echocardiography. The diagnosis was confirmed by computerised tomography and histological examination of the surgical specimen weighing 501.5 g. The surgeon performed a large esophago-gastric resection and reestablished the continuity of the digestive track by interposing a section of colon. A good result was obtained with a follow-up of 4 years. The authors underline the potential value of a simple barium swallow during cardiological assessment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis: epidemiological survey in North Togo].

An epidemiologic survey was carried out by a team of medical doctors working in the Kozah district of North Togo during April 1987. It was designed to evaluate the incidence of epilepsy and cysticercosis, taking a sample population of 5,264 subjects aged over 15 years old. 81.7% of the population feed on pigs which are allowed to roam freely in the vicinity of people's habitations. Cysticercosis (123 cases; incidence 23.3 cases per thousand) was diagnosed when one of the following three tests gave a positive result:--serum sample greater than or equal to 0.400 OD with ELISA test (101 cas),--identification of a cysticercosis cyst on anatomopathological examination of subcutaneous cysts (12 cases),--presence of typical calcification patterns revealed by cranial or muscle X-rays (21 cases in 18 patients). General epilepsy or partial motor fits were entirely clinically diagnosed (88 cases; 16 per thousand of population). Cysticercosis proved to be the cause of 29.5% epileptic sufferers, onset occurring after the age of 50 in 66% of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Report of a case of post-radiation hepatopathy].

We report the case of a 65 year-old woman treated by radiation therapy alone for Hodgkin's disease. She developed febricule, nonicteric cholestasis, and inflammatory syndrome two months after irradiation. The clinical record, biological and histological results allowed us to dismiss another etiology especially an hepatic location of Hodgkin's disease. Out come after a twenty months predominance of pathohistological abnormalities in the centrilobular region were in favor of a radiation-induced hepatitis.

Aged↗