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Biomedical subjects

G Chaine

Publications and source records attributed to G Chaine.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Pseudophakic retinal detachment.

We reviewed 165 cases of non-referred pseudophakic retinal detachment. Fifty-three eyes (32%) had sustained significant complications due to cataract surgery prior to retinal detachment; 45 eyes (27%) presented with grade B, C or D proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The overall reattachment rate was 84%. This was significantly higher in the posterior chamber lens group than in the iris-fixated lens or anterior chamber lens groups (93 vs. 69 and 81%). Our data show that uneventful extracapsular cataract extraction plus posterior chamber lens implantation offers the best chance of successful detachment surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Penetration of cefixime in the anterior chamber of the human eye].

Penetration of cefixime in aqueous humor was investigated in 21 patients about to undergo elective cataract extraction. All subjects received a 400 mg oral dose. Aqueous humor was collected within 4, 6, 10 or 15 hours after the administration. Cefixime was measured by liquid chromatography. The concentration of cefixime in aqueous humor was below 0.05 mg/l in 17 patients. The highest level reached was 0.16 mg/l. In spite of lower minimal inhibitory concentrations than first generation oral cefalosporins, cefixime per os cannot be proposed for the treatment of postoperative ocular infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Cataract surgery and implantation in diabetics. Apropos of 92 eyes].

We examined 92 eyes (63 patients) who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. Visual acuity improved by two lines or more in 65% of cases. Follow-up examination (6 months and 2 years) showed posterior capsule opacification in 30% of cases. Progression of diabetic retinopathy was mild but cystoid macular edema was present in 70% of cases with non proliferative retinopathy. Proliferative retinopathy was treated postoperative by pan retinal photocoagulation. One neovascular glaucoma occurred, secondary to a ruptured capsule.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Bouchut's tubercles. A clinical and angiographic study].

Four patients (3 young adults and 1 child) with disseminated tuberculosis had choroidal tubercles; none of them was immunodepressed. The clinical and angiographic aspects of these nodules and their evolution are described. Their clinical interest is discussed: fundus examination is always indicated in cases of disseminated tuberculosis and, more generally, in cases of systemic granulomatosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Retinopathy in pancreatitis].

Three patients with retinopathy associated with acute pancreatitis were observed. Each of them had a long history of alcohol abuse. The first patient was asymptomatic. Second one developed moderate visual loss in one eye (visual acuity 20/40), with a fascicular defect on Goldmann visual field registration. Third patient complained with bilateral and severe visual loss, with a large central scotoma. Cotton-wool patches and hemorrhages were present in the mild types of retinopathy. These cases had a good prognosis. An ischemic edema of posterior pole was associated in severe type of retinopathy. In this case, fluorescein angiography showed occluded macular retinal arterioles. Visual prognosis was poor. Pathogenesis of the lesions is still discussed. The main hypothesis are fat emboli or activated complement-induced granulocyte embolus formation. Efficacity of corticosteroids is not known.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Photocoagulation with the argon laser in cystoid macular edema in retinal venous occlusions. Apropos of 68 cases].

Sixty-eight consecutive eyes with cystoid macular edema due to venous occlusion were treated by grid laser photocoagulation. The diagnosis of cystoid macular edema was based on both the biomicroscopic and angiographic findings. The treatment was applied with blue-green or green argon laser. The criteria for treatment were the presence of cystoid macular edema, visual acuity of 0.5 or less and duration of the venous occlusion for more than 6 months. The technique of treatment included direct photocoagulation of certain microaneurysms and of collateral dilatations exhibiting fluorescein leakage in the macular area, followed by grid photocoagulation applied to the area of cystoid edema. No laser burn was placed within 300 microns of the center of the macula. The patients were followed for periods of 6 to 24 months with a mean follow-up of 15 months. Forty-five eyes presented with a branch vein occlusion. Photocoagulation resulted in the decrease or disappearance of macular edema in 42 of these eyes (93%) and the improvement of visual acuity by 0.2 or more in 12 (27%). Twenty-three eyes presented central vein occlusion. In these cases, photocoagulation resulted in the decrease or disappearance of macular edema in 20 eyes (87%), and visual acuity improved by 0.2 or more in 4 (17%). These results indicate that grid laser photocoagulation is an effective method, reducing persistent cystoid macular edema due to venous occlusion. However, visual results were better in the branch vein occlusions than in the central vein occlusions.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Winer's cutaneous calcinosis. Apropos of a case with eyelid localization].

A case of Winer's solitary cutaneous calcinosis is used as a basis for a literature review of this rare, benign dermatosis. Despite concordant clinical features diagnosis of this lesion is histologic. Normal blood biological values, a debated etiopathogenicity and the need to eliminate a collagen disease are important factors to bear in mind before making this diagnosis of such a cutaneous lesion, for which exeresis ensures a cure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Hypertensive retinopathy and papilledema. Apropos of a case of glycyrrhizin poisoning].

We present a case report of a patient suffering of severe hypertension and grade IV hypertensive retinopathy according to the Keith-Wagener classification. Simultaneously hypertensive encephalopathy was present confirming the poor prognosis of discoedema occurring in the course of hypertension when left untreated. Hypertension was related to chronic poisoning with glycyrrhiza, and its hyperaldosteronism like effect. Pathogenesis of discoedema in malignant hypertension is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ocular fluorophotometric and angiographic findings in toxemia of pregnancy.

Ocular fluorophotometry was performed in 24 patients with hypertension due to toxemia of pregnancy and in ten normal subjects. Patients showing features of accelerated hypertension in the fundus (eg, hemorrhage, cotton-wool spots, and disc edema) were excluded from the study. Fluorescein concentrations in the aqueous and posterior vitreous increased significantly in toxemic patients compared with those in normal subjects; the blood-aqueous barrier was disrupted earlier than the blood-retinal barrier. Nevertheless, these barriers were only disrupted when the arterial diameter was altered. Ocular fluorometric abnormalities disappeared after delivery in all but two cases.

Eye↗
PubMed1986

Hereditary vitelliform macular dystrophy.

Two families with vitelliform macular dystrophy were investigated ophthalmologically and genetically. The pedigree examination verified the usual expressivity. Macular pigmentary abnormalities or extramacular vitellin deposits were disclosed in some asymptomatic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Best's vitelliform macular dystrophy.

We examined and evaluated the ophthalmological findings of 47 patients with Best's Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy (BVMD) and 5 cases suffering from related conditions to this macular disorder. Our sample re-confirm that BVMD is a progressive disease which may have several appearances in the course of its evolution. The heredity of this disorder is autosomal dominant with reduced penetrance and variable expressivity. Some contradictions exist regarding the nature of the primary defect in this entity. Electrooculographic and angiographic investigations lend support to the belief that the basic pathological changes are located in the retinal pigment epithelium. However, recent histopathological findings and flicker electroretinographic results indicate the possibility that the photoreceptor cells are equally involved, even before the pigment epithelium. In view of the existing disagreements about the pathogenesis of this disorder, certain considerations were advanced which suggest that the basic pathologic process in this entity produces a disorganisation in the structural and functional interdependance of both the photoreceptor cells and pigment epithelium.

Adolescent↗