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Biomedical subjects

G Chales

Publications and source records attributed to G Chales.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Efficacy and tolerability of chondroitin sulfate 1200 mg/day vs chondroitin sulfate 3 x 400 mg/day vs placebo.

This multicenter randomized, double-blind, controlled study was performed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of chondroitin sulfate (CS, Condrosulf, IBSA, Lugano, CH) 1200 mg/day oral gel vs CS 3 x 400 mg/day capsules vs placebo, in patients with mono or bilateral knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren and Lawrence radiographic score grade I to III). A total of 127 patients, 40 of whom were treated with CS 1200 mg/day, 43 with CS 3 x 400 mg/day and 44 with placebo, were included in the statistical analysis of this 3-month treatment study. In the CS groups, Lequesne's Index and spontaneous joint pain (VAS) showed a significant reduction of clinical symptoms (P < 0.01 for both parameters), while only a slight reduction was observed in the placebo group (P = ns for Lequesne's Index and P < 0.05 for VAS). The physician's and patient's overall efficacy assessments were significantly in favour of the CS groups (P < 0.01). The treatment carried out with the three formulations was very well tolerated. In conclusion, these results indicate that CS favours the improvement of the subjective symptoms, improving the joint mobility. An additional consideration is that the efficacy of 1200 mg CS as a single daily dose does not differ from that of 3 x 400 mg daily doses of CS for all the clinical parameters taken into consideration.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

[Bronchial dilatation and rheumatoid arthritis: a little known association].

Since Ellmann's description in 1948 numerous authors have studied the respiratory manifestations associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Amongst the numerous disorders described, dilatation of the bronchi, although one of the most frequent, remains largely under-estimated. The authors report a series of 21 patients presenting jointly with both rheumatoid arthritis and bronchiectasis which was documented using thoracic computed scanning. All the subjects were female. For 20 of these patients, the appearance of bronchial suppuration preceded that of the articular manifestations by several years. Bronchial dilatation in these cases can, only with difficulty, be considered as a complication of arthritis as has been previously suggested. Rather it appears as a possible pre-disposing factor in the occurrence of the rheumatoid disease. These hypotheses explain the pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in this association are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The role of HLA-DR-DR and HLA-DR-DP interactions in genetic susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis.

In order to analyze the relationships between the DR and DP loci in the genetic susceptibility to RA, HLA-DRB1 and -DPB1 polymorphism was studied in 155 RA patients compared to 150 controls, using a reverse dot-blot analysis. Our data were consistent with the involvement of the amino acid in position 71 of the third hypervariable region of the DR beta 1 chain in susceptibility to the disease. The higher risk for RA was observed in patients who carried the association of a lysine (K), characterizing the DRB1* 0401 susceptibility allele, with an arginine (R), observed in all the other DRB1* susceptibility alleles (21.9% vs 0.6%, p(c) < 10(-6), OR = 42) In the absence of arginine, the presence of lysine was still associated with the disease (33% vs 19%, p(c) < 0.03, OR = 2). In contrast, in the absence of lysine, the frequency of arginine in position 71 was similar in patients and controls (30% vs 26%, p = NS). On another hand, the analysis of the HLA-DPB1 locus showed that the DPB1 *0401 allele frequency was significantly increased in the RA patient group (n = 47) who expressed only arginine at the position 71 of the beta 1 chain (82% vs 56% in controls, p < 0.008), with role of HLA-DR--DR and -DR-DP interactions in the genetic susceptibility to RA.

Alleles↗
PubMed1988

[Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Apropos of a case].

A 38-year-old woman was known to have had a histologically proven "idiopathic" pulmonary hemosiderosis for 7 years; the authors report the onset in this patient of polyarthralgias with articular swelling and positivity of rheumatoid factor, all features consistent with the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, whose beginning was certainly hidden by steroid therapy. This case, as some others previously published, outlines the possibility of the association of pulmonary hemosiderosis and rheumatoid arthritis: is this a casual association, or may pulmonary hemosiderosis be a rare manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis?

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A common epitope between HLA-B27, -B13 and -B37 alloantigens defined by a monoclonal antibody.

An anti-HLA-B27 monoclonal antibody produced by the hybridoma technique is described. This BD.7 reagent is a cytotoxic IgM antibody. Its reactivity was studied by lymphocytotoxicity tests, indirect immunofluorescence tests and biochemical analysis against an extensive panel of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. All HLA-B27 positive samples, either from normal subjects or from patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, were recognized by this reagent. Moreover, a cross-reaction was observed with HLA-B13 cells, and a new unexpected reaction with all HLA-B37 cell suspensions. The interest of such a reagent is discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

[B27-negative spondylarthritis. Results of 3 familial surveys, with monozygotic twins in one].

With the typing of the major histocompatibility complex (HLA, A, C, B, Bf, C4, DR, GLO), the authors study three (3) family investigations of patients suffering from primary ankylosing spondylarthritis, B27 negative, including one concerning a discordant pair of monozygotic female twins. The possible links between the patient's haplotypes and the phenotypic expression of their ankylosing spondylarthritis, B27 negative, is discussed: a complotype (C4 A4 B2) and 2 antigens (B18 and Bw62) from the group B35 CREG over-represented in ankylosing spondylarthritis (Family n degree 1): presence of antigen B40 of B7 CREG in the patient of Family n degree 2, contrasting with the presence of antigen B27 in 2 first-degree parents, apparently healthy; presence of antigen B7 from the B7 CREG and the possible role of an environmental factor in the discordant monozygotic female twins (Family n degree 3). The results are compared to the studies of families with ankylosing spondylarthritis, B27 negative, of monozygotic twins and discordant ankylosing spondylarthritis-antigen B27 reported in the literature. Pathogenetic implications are discussed (linked gene hypothesis, direct role and/or heterogeneity of B27).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Ankylosing panarthritis].

The authors report 4 cases of "Sheathing Panarthritis" (S.P.): two female patients with a positive rheumatoid serology, presented a complete ankylosis of the articular system, including the temporo-mandibular joint and the spine; two male patients presented a complete articular ankylosis of the lower extremities and a more or less total spine ankylosis, by only a slight involvement of the upper extremities. The study of the HLA system, carried out in ten cases--3 in this series--showed the presence of B27 in six cases, and the presence of A2 in five cases out of eight. A single study of locus DR revealed the presence of DR 1. On the nosological point of view, this radio-clinical picture, individualized by Forestier, was successively considered as an autonomous affection, a rheumatoid polyarthritis (P.R.), an ankylosing spondylarthritis (AS). The author's opinion is dual since, from the analysis of the cases, they do not feel that it is possible to classify all cases either with P.R. or with A.S. After studying the various radio-clinical aspects of P.R., they believe that, in patients with S.P., it exists an ankylosing "factor X" which exacerbates the ability of P.R. and A.S. to manufacture sclerosis, transforming these diseases into S.P.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Multiple bone localizations in hair cell leukemia. Efficacy of treatment with alpha 2 interferon].

We report a case of hairy cell leukemia with multiple bone lesions (skull, tibia, spine, femoral head) clinically, radiologically, and histologically documented. Radiotherapy failed to improve tibial pain. Treatment with alpha interferon resulted in bone pain improvement. Diagnoses and therapy strategies of these unusual features are discussed with respect cases to previously published in the literature.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1985

[Morning changes in the sigma ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren) and C-reactive protein].

A comparative study of the morning variation of the Sigma and Westergren sedimentation rates, and C-reactive protein was undertaken in 90 patients with osteoarticular disease (measurements at 07:00, 09:00, 10:00, and 12:00). The mean values of all three tests were elevated at 07:00 in patients with inflammatory disease, and no significant variation was observed in the Westergren sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein throughout the morning, irregardless of whether an anti-inflammatory agent was used. On the other hand, there was a very significant increase in the Sigma sedimentation rate at 09:00 in untreated patients (p less than 0.0001, n = 24). This morning increase of the Sigma sedimentation rate was not related to food intake, identical value being obtained in fasting or postprandial samples from the same patients. The Sigma sedimentation rate at 09:00 was significantly reduced however, in patients treated with an effective level of an anti-inflammatory agent (p less than 0.001, n = 32). This decrease varied in size and duration depending on the anti-inflammatory agent used. The existence of a circadian rhythm of the Sigma sedimentation rate which can be reversed with anti-inflammatory drug usage is helpful in understanding the chronobiologic aspects of the inflammatory process. Numerous therapeutic applications can be foreseen.

Adult↗