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Biomedical subjects

G Citro

Publications and source records attributed to G Citro.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Heterogeneity of the basic pancreatic inhibitor (Kunitz) in various bovine organs.

Four protein protease inhibitors (I, II, III, IV) having low molecular weights (10 600-6500) and basic isoelectric points were isolated by affinity chromatography from bovine spleen. Inhibitor IV was identified as the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz inhibitor); the presence and distribution of components I, II and III vary in the different bovine organs. Spleen inhibitors I, II, III and IV were purified by ion-exchange chromatography; they form 1:1 complexes with trypsin and inhibit enzymatic activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin and kallikrein. Inhibitors I, II and III contain carbohydrate moieties (7-4%) covalently bound to the polypeptide chain. Specific basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor antiserum has shown the complete identity between inhibitor IV and the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, while partial cross-reactivity between the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and inhibitors I, II and III can be seen from a double immunodiffusion test.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Purification of Pseudomonas cytochrome oxidase (or nitrite reductase) by immunological methods.

A new purification procedure for the cytochrome oxidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on immunoaffinity chromatography has been compared with the biochemical method and shown to be (i) fully competitive in terms of chemical homogeneity and enzymatic properties of the purified protein (ii) slightly less efficient in terms of total recovery and (iii) much more convenient in terms of the time required. A further evolution of the method that minimizes the number of purification steps and any stress to the native structure of the protein is suggested.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Energy metabolism of normal and lonidamine-treated Sertoli cells of rats.

The effect of lonidamine on oxygen consumption, aerobic lactate production, and [U-14C]glucose metabolism of rat Sertoli cells was investigated. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) Sertoli cells show well-developed energy metabolism both in vitro and in vivo. (2) The rate of aerobic lactate production is markedly higher than in other cell types, either normal differentiated or neoplastic, such as Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. (3) Lonidamine does not affect respiration and aerobic glycolysis of Sertoli cells. This finding is consistent with previous data which demonstrated that the antispermatogenic effect can be mainly ascribed to an irreversible alteration of germ cell mitochondria induced by 1-substituted indazole-3-carboxylic acids of which lonidamine represents one of the most potent derivatives. (4) The functional impairment induced by lonidamine on rat Sertoli cells cannot be ascribed to an action on the energy metabolism even if, up to date, the biochemical target is still unclear.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

Specific and aspecific immune responsiveness in lung cancer patients: cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity reactions to a lung cancer-associated antigen.

The ability of a lung cancer-associated antigen (LCAA) to provoke specific cutaneous delayed-hypersensitivity reactions has been studied on a group of 59 lung cancer patients. Biological activity of LCAA, monitored by skin testing, was demonstrated in 32% (17 of 53) of lung cancer patients, in 48.0% with limited disease, and in 17.2% with extensive disease. All the responders were in the group of normal reactors to standard recall antigens, if three antigens were used (PPDSK-SD, candida). No correlation was found between biological activity of LCAA and level of immunocompetence evaluated by lymphocyte-blastic transformation with PHA and count of rosette E-forming cells. These studies on the capacity to evoke specific DTH reactions in lung-cancer patients will be extended to the use of assays in vitro in the perspective of a more significant evaluation of immunocompetence levels.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1980

Specific blastogenic response of peripheral blood lymphocytes from lung cancer patients to a fetal lung antigen.

A human lung tumor fetal-associated antigen (LTFA) has been purified from lung tumor tissue by a combination of salt precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography. The purification steps were monitored by double immunodiffusion with the use of a rabbit anti-LTFA-specific antiserum. The isolated protein was tested for its blastogenic properties toward peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by [3H]thymidine incorporation. PBL obtained from 25 healthy individuals, 34 patients with tumors other than lung tumors, 13 patients with lung diseases other than lung tumors, and 51 lung tumor-bearing patients were tested. Only PBL with an in vitro positive response to phytohemagglutinin were employed. Whereas PBL of lung tumor patients showed a significant blastogenic response to the purified antigen in 14 of 22 patients tested (60%), PBL of other patients were completely unreactive (P less than 0.005). The present data suggested that a specific immune response toward an LTFA was present in patients with lung cancers.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1979

Partial characterization of a fetal lung antigen associated with human bronchogenic carcinoma.

A human lung tumor-associated fetal antigen (LTFA) has been partially isolated and characterized. The antigen that differs in several immunochemical parameters from previously described lung cancer antigens was shared by fetal lung and liver tissue. The neoantigen migrated in immunoelectrophoresis as an alpha2-beta globulin, had an average molecular size of 7S, and was soluble in 50% saturated ammonium sulfate. Whereas LTFA was insensitive to both DNase and RNase treatment, its antigenicity was completely abolished by pronase. The biologic significance of this antigen and its possible clinical use were discussed.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1977

Sertoli cells of adult rats "in vitro". A morphologic and functional study.

A cell line obtained from isolated seminiferous tubules of adult rat testis has been studied "in vitro" over a period of 35 days. Light and electron microscopic studies performed from hour 2 to the end of culture have shown the presence of a monomorphic cell population. After 5-6 days of culture the cells formed a monolayer. The cytoplasm of the cells contained numerous lipid bodies and produced numerous projections. The nucleus showed several indentations and one or more nucleoli. From the 9th to the 15th day of culture the cells developed a large amount of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and aggregates of electron dense granules. From the 20th to 40th day the cell cultures progressively degenerated. Immunochemical analysis of the culture medium revealed the presence of estradiol-17beta, which reached its maximum production rate from the 8th day to the 18th day of culture. Corresponding to cell involution estradiol concentration underwent a rapid decrease. On the basis of morphological and biochemical data the cells could be considered Sertoli cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Quantitation of estradiol receptors employing a sensitive radioimmunoassay.

A method aimed at the identification and quantitation of estradiol receptors has been developed. The test is based on competitive binding reaction between solubilized cell receptors and anti-estradiol antibodies bound to acrylamide beads, for 3H-estradiol. The technique can be employed both for estradiol radioimmunoassay and quantitation of specific receptors in tissues and appears to be a sensitive, specific and reproducible method which can be applied to the evaluation of any hormone and its receptor.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Specifically designed polymeric nanospheres increase cellular uptake of unmodified antisense ODNs.

The cellular uptake and the inhibitory effect of c-myb unmodified antisense oligonucleotides reversibly bound to new polymeric nanoparticles in HL-60 cellular system have been found to increase by 50 folds if compared with the free ODN. An initial single dose (320 nM) of the nanoparticle bound unmodified antimyb ODN has been able to specifically inhibit HL-60 leukemia cell proliferation for at least 8 days.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of treatment with biosynthetic GH on thyroid function in patients with an isolated deficiency of GH].

The use of GH treatment in subjects with a GH deficiency has led to contrasting results concerning its impact to develop thyroid hyperfunction, whereas many others have underlined the possible onset of hypothyroidism. A number of studies have been carried out over short periods in subjects with multiple tropin deficiencies, in healthy adults or adults with GH deficiencies, in healthy adults or adults with GH deficiencies. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of prolonged treatment with biosynthetic GH on thyroid function in children with an isolated idiopathic GH deficiency. The study included 8 children (mean age 10.4 +/- 0.8 years) with GH deficiencies treated with biosynthetic GH and 8 children with familial retarded stature of a similar age (mean age 10.3 +/- 0.7 years) who represented the control group. Serum levels of T3, T4, FT3, FT4 and TSH were measured at the start of the study and after one year of continuous GH treatment in subjects with GH deficiency; the same tests were performed in the control group on recruitment and after one year's observation without therapy. T4 and FT4 levels diminished, but not significantly, whereas there was a significant increase in plasma levels of T3 and FT3 (p less than 0.01); TSH values were significantly reduced in the treated group (p = 0.025). No significant variations in thyroid parameters were found in the control group. These data support the hypothesis of an increased peripheral conversion of T4 into T3 due to GH therapy; in conclusion, however, no significant variation in thyroid function was observed following GH replacement therapy, even if prolonged, in subjects with an idiopathic isolated GH deficiency.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The primary empty sella syndrome: a clinical and neuroradiological study of 10 cases].

Primary empty sella is an anatomical entity in which an enlarged pituitary fossa is partially filled with cerebrospinal fluid owing to the arachnoid herniation and the pituitary gland is compressed against the fossa. This condition can be due to an inherent weakness of the diaphragma of the sella as well as to an increase in intracranial pressure. Empty sella can be associated with neuroradiological and endocrine symptoms and the present study reports the clinical, endocrine and radiological features in 10 patients with primary empty sella syndrome. We conclude that the endocrine alterations are frequent in the empty sella syndrome and that the most specific and sensible neuroradiological investigation is N.M.R.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The membrane-bound hexokinase as a potential marker for malignancy in human gliomas.

Hexokinase is a key enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Its activity has been shown elevated in cells with high mitotic index. In particular, experimental cancer cells, due to their peculiar energy metabolism, display a hexokinase activity proportional to the degree of malignancy. This is the case also for human gliomas in which glucose metabolism, evaluated via positron emission tomography, has been shown to be predictive for patient prognosis. In order to better correlate these findings, specific reagents for tumor hexokinase (a polyclonal antibody and a full-length cDNA probe both specific for murine tumor hexokinase) have been successfully employed to quantitate the protein and its messenger in cultured cell lines; the antibody was also tested in four specimens obtained from human astrocytomas.

Astrocytoma↗