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Biomedical subjects

G Ciuffetti

Publications and source records attributed to G Ciuffetti.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Leucocyte rheology in the early stages of ischaemic stroke.

Within 5 hours of the onset of ischaemic stroke the filterability patterns and the counts of the granulocyte, monocyte and lymphocyte subfractions were monitored. The results were compared to those of a healthy matched control group and to those of a matched group with cardiovascular risk factors. The granulocyte filterability rate was significantly impaired in the group at risk and even more so in the stroke group suggesting alterations in it may be a sign of latent ischaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Leucocyte rheology in controlled coronary ischaemia.

Since no studies have been carried out on the exact origin of the alterations in white blood cell rheology during the early stages of controlled ischaemia in coronary arterial disease, a model was set up using a cycle ergometer test (with a 25 watts increase every 2 minutes). Blood samples were taken (before and after exercise and again 8 minutes later at recovery) from 18 patients with stable angina pectoris and a group of 22 matched controls. The filterability (through 5 micrometer diameter pore filters) of the polymorphonuclear leucocyte sub-population (separated by density gradient), the monocyte and lymphocyte sub-fractions (separated by adhesion to Petri dishes) as well as leucocyte activation (observed under a light microscope) were monitored. Our results showed that the total leucocyte count in patients and controls rose after exercise and was accompanied by a differential shift from the polymorphonuclear to the lymphocyte cells. The polymorphonuclear filterability rate increased significantly in patients when compared to their basal values at rest, and to the controls after exercise (+ 19.58%; P less than 0.002 vs basal values at rest; + 18.72%; P less than 0.002 vs controls). This increase persisted throughout the recovery period (+ 19.86%; P less than 0.002 vs basal values; and + 23.52% P less than 0.001 vs controls), indicating that a reduced polymorphonuclear leucocyte filterability can be associated with the first signs of ischaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Correlation between clinical and laboratory findings when the whole blood filterability rate is modified by ticlopidine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

This double-blind study assessed the effects of oral ticlopidine versus placebo on whole blood filterability in two homogenous groups of 20 rheumatoid arthritis patients taking one NSAID. The patients' clinical progress was monitored to see if modifications in the whole blood filterability rate could be correlated with any improvement in the clinical picture. Our results showed treatment with ticlopidine significantly (p less than 0.01) improved both the ESR (-28%) and the whole blood filterability rate (-15%), pain (-24%), and morning stiffness (-28%). These clinical benefits correlated with improvement in the whole blood filterability rate. Clinical benefits may have resulted from improved perfusion and transport of NSAID to target tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Human leucocyte rheology and tissue ischaemia.

Reports suggest that white blood cells are involved in the development of tissue ischaemia. No studies on leucocyte rheology in the earliest stages of ischaemia exist. In 10 peripheral vascular disease (PVD) patients, 10 stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients and two groups of 10 matched controls leucocytes were separated by density and adherence into their granulocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte subpopulations. Blood samples were taken from the PVD group and respective controls before and after treadmill exercise (5 min 2 km-1 h-1, 12% slope) and from the SAP patients and controls before and after cycle ergometer test (25 W every 3 min). All the subpopulations were filtered through five micron diameter pore filters. Compared to controls, calf pain in the PVD patients was associated with an increase in monocyte filterability (P less than 0.01). ST depression in the SAP patients was linked to impaired granulocyte filterability (P less than 0.04). Therefore leucocyte rheology appears impaired in the earliest stages of ischaemia.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1989

Leucocyte behaviour in controlled ischaemia of the calves.

Whole blood filterability and leucocyte behaviour (number, activation, and subfraction filterability rates) were monitored at the earliest stage of peripheral ischaemia in 18 patients with stage II peripheral occlusive arterial disease (PAOD) and 20 matched controls. A model of controlled ischaemia, using exercise to stress leg circulation, was set up and blood samples were taken before exercise, at the onset of calf pain, and at recovery from peak exercise. Leucocytes were counted, separated into their subfractions on a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient and by adhesion to Petri dishes, and filtered in buffer (like the whole blood suspensions) through 5 microns pore diameter Nucleopore filters. Unfractionated white cells, separated under gravity, with pseudopodia or cytoplasmic irregularities were regarded as activated. The whole blood filterability rate was significantly increased at the onset of calf pain and was associated with significant increases in the number of leucocytes and in the filterability rate of the monocyte subfraction, the latter persisting throughout the recovery period. No significant changes were observed in the other variables monitored, showing that impairments in white cell rheology may be associated with ischaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Age and blood cell rheology.

The identification of the rheological variables responsible for alterations in capillary blood flow caused by the aging process could help explain why the incidence of vascular disease increases with age. Using new techniques for the separation and micropore filtration of the haemocellular subpopulations in 110 subjects aged 21-84 years, the aim of this study was to show to what extent, if any, age influences blood cell deformability. The filterability of mononuclear leucocytes decreased with age (r = 0.25; p less than 0.001), whereas the filterability of polymorphonuclear leucocytes or erythrocytes did not change significantly with age.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Peripheral vascular disease. Rheologic variables during controlled ischemia.

The quantitative and qualitative behavior of hemorheologic factors both at rest and after treadmill exercise in 30 male patients with stage II peripheral vascular disease compared with 20 sex- and age-matched healthy controls have been studied. The aim of our study was to identify functional rheologic markers for peripheral vascular disease. At rest, whole blood viscosity (corrected for hematocrit at both high and low shear rates), fibrinogen levels (4.23 +/- 1.39 vs. 3.23 +/- 1.5), and white blood cell count (7.05 +/- 1.25 vs. 6.03 +/- 1.28) were significantly different between patients and controls. After treadmill exercise, white blood cell counts increased in both patients and controls, whereas only the filterability of mononuclear leukocytes showed a significant variation in the patient group (5.47 +/- 1.54 vs. 7.26 +/- 2.00, p less than 0.002). In this group, mononuclear filterability improved during the recovery period. The results suggest a relation between exercise-induced ischemia of the lower limb and mononuclear filterability in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Mononuclear filterability could be a functional rheologic marker for peripheral vascular disease.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1989

Blood cell rheology in acute cerebral infarction.

Recently it has been hypothesized that leukocyte rheology could be a relevant variable of the microcirculation during cerebral ischemia. However, relatively few studies have been carried out on the rheologic behavior of leukocytes in vascular diseases. This study aimed at quantifying the filterability through Nuclepore filters (mean pore diameter 5 microns) of both leukocyte subpopulations and red blood cells in patients with acute stroke compared with age-matched healthy controls. Leukocytes were separated by density into polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells. Filterability of the red blood cells and polymorphonuclear and mononuclear subpopulations in buffer was measured using a constant-flow and low-positive pressure system. We used one-way analysis of variance, signed rank sum, and simple and multiple regression tests for statistical analysis. Twenty consecutive male patients with acute ischemic infarction were compared with 20 age-matched healthy subjects. Mononuclear cell filterability was impaired in acute stroke (7.26 +/- 2.00) compared with the controls (5.55 +/- 1.23) (p less than 0.01). Polymorphonuclear cell filterability was less, but still significantly (p less than 0.05), impaired in acute infarction (5.75 +/- 0.87 vs. 4.19 +/- 0.43). The results show that leukocyte and, especially, mononuclear cell filterability is impaired in acute infarction, while no differences exist in red blood cell filterability.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Correlation between hemorheologic parameters and carotid atherosclerosis in stroke.

An evaluation of the hemorheologic parameters and an ultrasonographic study of the extracranial carotid tract were performed on 48 patients, age range: sixty to seventy-five years, affected by acute stroke, 23 of whom had hypertension, while 27 were smokers. None of them was suffering from hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, or symptomatic coronary heart or peripheral artery disease. The echotomographic analysis, using B-mode real-time echotomography revealed atherosclerotic lesions in 26 patients. The hemorheologic pattern (hematocrit, fibrinogen, whole blood filterability, whole blood and plasma viscosity) was determined in all the patients three months after the clinical event. Statistical analysis of the results indicates a possible link between atherosclerotic lesions of the extracranial carotid tract and age, fibrinogen levels, and whole blood filterability.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Whole blood filterability in chronic cerebrovascular disorders: effects of the use of buflomedil hydrochloride].

Buflomedil chlorhydrate is a newly synthesized molecule with a notable effect of vasodilatation even on cerebral blood vessels. It is effective in the treatment of Chronic Cerebrovascular Disorders (CCVD) as it reduces membrane rigidity in red blood cells. Since, however, new techniques for the evaluation of this haemorheological parameter suggest it may no longer be considered the sole expression of whole blood filterability we decided to monitor the haemorheological effect of Buflomedil once again. The aim of this random blind vs. Placebo study was to monitor whole blood filterability (Reid and coll., 1976) and its main determinants (hematocrit, leucocyte count, fibrinogen levels, plasma viscosity and red blood cell deformability) in 20 (10 male and 10 female) CCVD patients (Ad Hoc Committee, Paris, 1980), aged between 66 and 75 years of age before and after intravenous injection in bolus of 150 mg Buflomedil chlorhydrate. Our results showed a significant increase in whole blood filterability, confirming those of recent studies on other molecules with a known effect on the haemorheological pattern but not only on the plasticity of red blood cells. Further studies are therefore necessary to define the rheological activity of this drug more precisely.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Effects of 3-glucosaminoglycan sulfate on hemorheologic parameters in hyperlipidemic peripheral vascular disease (PVD) patients: a preliminary double-blind crossover study.

The effects of 3-glucosaminoglycan sulfate on lipids and the hemorheologic parameters were observed in a preliminary double-blind crossover study in 30 hyperlipidemic peripheral vascular disease (PVD) patients. Parenteral administration of the test drug was associated with a reduction in serum lipids, especially in triglyceride levels, and a lowering of fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, and whole blood viscosity levels. These effects justify the drug's use in the treatment of PVD, especially when associated with hypertriglyceridemia and hemorheologic disturbances.

Adult↗