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Biomedical subjects

G Colman

Publications and source records attributed to G Colman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Streptococcal infection in a regional burns centre and a plastic surgery unit.

An outbreak of infection due to group A streptococci of M-type 49 involved first a regional burns centre followed by spread to the intensive care ward of the plastic surgery unit in an associated hospital. Eleven patients and two staff were involved: two of the infected patients developed septicaemia. Serological tests demonstrated marked antibody response to DNAase B(ADB) and there were lesser reactions to other extracellular streptococcal products. Screening of patients and staff identified the likely source of the epidemic which was rapidly controlled by penicillin prophylaxis and other measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Identification of streptococci in a medical laboratory.

A total of 965 cultures of streptococci received at a reference unit for identification were examined with API-20 Strep kits and also by established methods. The API method, although it needed to be supplemented with additional tests, largely overcame the difficulty that pyogenic streptococci are usually identified by their serological reactions and that biochemical tests are used for the identification of the other streptococci. Representatives of at least 24 established or possible species were identified.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1984

Reduction of tongue protrusion of a 24-year-old woman with Down syndrome through self-monitoring.

Tongue protrusion of a 24-year-old moderately retarded woman with Down syndrome was reduced through self-monitoring. A series of six, 30-minute audio cassette tapes, with decreasing numbers of beep tones, served as cues to self-monitor. Tongue protrusion was measured by an interval recording method with 10-second intervals for two, 5-minute periods randomly selected within two, 30-minute self-monitoring periods. Tongue protrusion decreased from 95% of intervals during baseline to 0% of intervals during intervention and 3-week follow-up. This reduction of tongue protrusion was maintained when the self-monitoring procedures were gradually faded and withdrawn. The implications of fading self-monitoring procedures to promote response maintenance are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Systemic disease caused by pneumococci.

The type distribution of pneumococci isolated from 462 patients was determined. In this survey type 1 strains were the most numerous but type 14 and type 18 caused the most infections in children under five years of age. The most common infections were pneumonia, meningitis or septicaemia. Possible pre-disposing causes included a history of heavy drinking, head injury, bronchitis or other chest infection, heart disease, liver disease, malignancy, viral infection or abnormality of the spleen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Antibody responses to antigens of Streptococcus mutans in monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) immunized against dental caries.

Immunization of rabbits or monkeys with walls prepared from Streptococcus mutans by a procedure including extraction with SDS at room-temperature induced antibodies to three antigens (A, B and C) detectable by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. Antigens A and B have previously been characterized as proteins of molecular weight 29 000 and 190 000, respectively. Antigen C was characterized as having a molecular weight of 70 000 and was purified by immunosorbent affinity chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Another wall protein, antigen D, of molecular weight 13 000, was extracted from walls with Triton X-100. Immunization of monkeys with walls prepared from cultures of S. mutans grown at a high (D = 0.5 h-1) or low (D = 0.05 h-1) dilution rate in a chemostat showed that only the latter induced protection against dental caries. There was a positive correlation between levels of antibody to antigens A and C and induction of protection and a negative correlation between protection and the level of antibody to antigen B. No antibody to antigen D was detected in protected monkeys and an experiment in which monkeys were immunized with pure antigen D confirmed that it does not induce protection.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A large outbreak of streptococcal pyoderma in a military training establishment.

An outbreak of streptococcal pyoderma in a military institution into which fresh susceptible recruits were regularly introduced involved more than 1300 persons over an eighteen-month period. Two M types were responsible for the great majority of the cases and an attack by one conferred immunity to that strain but not to the other. Lesions varied from trivial to disabling. Epidemiological studies indicated that contact -- direct or indirect -- through such things as gymnasium equipment and room dust was the means of transmission. The outbreak was eventually controlled by vigorous case finding, thorough treatment of cases and the strict application of hygienic principles to prevent spread. There were no late complications and throat streptococci were not involved. It is possible to control such an outbreak without isolation or the making of any significant concessions in the training programme even when large numbers of persons are living and working at close quarters.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1979

Radioimmunoassay of class-specific antibodies to Streptococcus mutans in monkey serum and saliva.

A radioimmunoassay (RIA) has been developed to measure class-specific antibodies to Steptococcus mutans in the serum and saliva of monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Anti-human immunoglobulin antibodies purified by affinity chromatography on immobilised monkey immunoglobulins and labelled with 125I were employed. Formolised cells of S. mutans and an extract of culture supernatant adsorbed to polystyrene wells were used as solid-phase antigens. The coefficients of variation for IgG, IgA and IgM assays were less than or equal to 10% for both antigen systems. Two monkeys were immunised with formolised cells of S. mutans by subcutaneous injection and subsequent instillation of bacterial cells into their right parotid ducts. IgG, IgA and IgM antibody responses to S. mutans in samples of serum and saliva were quantitated by RIA. Immobilisation of purified components of S. mutans on polystyrene wells enabled the measurement of antibody response to a number of antigens to be made. The RIA is a sensitive, reproducible and quantitative method of measuring serum and salivary antibody responses in monkeys.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1976

Cigarette smoking and the microbial flora of the mouth.

A range of selective media was used to culture the microbial flora of the dental plaque, tongue and palate, The subjects were five young men who smoked more than twenty cigarettes a day and four who did not smoke. Neisseriae were less numerous on the mucosal surfaces of the smokers.

Actinomyces↗