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Biomedical subjects

G Corneo

Publications and source records attributed to G Corneo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Bleeding time and antiplatelet agents in normal volunteers.

Clinical trials have shown that antiplatelet agents are effective in the prevention of thrombosis in arterial diseases and increase bleeding time. To compare the effects of three such drugs [acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) at two dose levels, ticlopidine and indobufen] on bleeding time, we performed a randomized cross-over study on 12 normal subjects. All received the four treatments (ASA 300 mg daily and 500 mg twice daily, ticlopidine 250 mg twice daily and indobufen 200 mg twice daily, each for 6 days plus one dose on day 7) in a sequential manner with a washout period of 15 days between the treatments. Bleeding time was measured using a Surgicut device (Ortho, Milan, Italy) before treatment, 2 and 24 h after the first administration, and before and 2, 24, 48 and 72 h after the last administration. ASA (at both doses) and indobufen quickly induced a significant prolongation of bleeding time, but the effect of indobufen soon wore off after the treatment was stopped, unlike that of ASA. In contrast, ticlopidine treatment prolonged bleeding time only after the first 24 h, and after 7 days the mean value was significantly higher than with ASA (both doses) and indobufen. This significant difference in bleeding time between ticlopidine and the other drugs was still present 48 h after the end of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Increased susceptibility to lymphokine activated killer (LAK) lysis of relapsing vs. newly diagnosed acute leukemic cells without changes in drug resistance or in the expression of adhesion molecules.

The NK and LAK activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of leukemic patients as well as the susceptibility of their acute myeloid (AML) and lymphoblastic (ALL) leukemia cells to autologous and allogeneic LAKs were examined. In addition, neoplastic cells at diagnosis and at relapse were compared in the same patients for several features, including in vitro susceptibility to LAKs and to the drugs used in the induction phase, expression of MDR phenotype and of adhesion molecules, and differentiation markers. The NK activity of patients' LAK cells on K562 was significantly lower than that of a group of healthy donors whereas no differences were found in LAK activity as evaluated on Daudi cells. Three of 5 AML and 3 of 4 ALL were significantly more susceptible to autologous and allogeneic LAK lysis when blasts obtained at relapse were compared with leukemic cells of the same patients at diagnosis. This different lysability was not associated with in vitro modified sensitivity to drugs used in induction treatment. Moreover, no elevation in the expression of the multidrug-resistance (MDR)-related P170 glycoprotein was noted in relapsing leukemic cells. Even the expression of adhesion molecules and differentiation markers did not correlate with lysability of leukemic cells. These data demonstrate that relapsing leukemic blasts can be significantly lysed by LAK cells and suggest a rationale for adoptive immunotherapy with IL-2 and LAK cells in the treatment of acute leukemic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical course of refractory anemia. Study of a case series of 56 patients].

We analysed the course and clinical features of a series of refractory anaemias (RA, RAEB, RAEBt). We could not find evidence to support the hypothesis that these three MDS classes are inevitably subsequent events of a single disease. Therefore aggressive treatment of RA, aimed at avoiding its evolution to RAEB or RAEBt, does not seem justified.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the elderly. Prognostic factors and outcome.

The initial features and prognosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the elderly have been variously evaluated in literature. We have examined 190 patients with NHL: most of them received induction therapies containing vincristine, cyclophosphamide and/or anthracyclines (CVP, CHOP, CEOP); age at diagnosis was over 65 for 62 of them (32.63%). Elderly patients had a lower rate of complete remissions, a shorter duration of complete remissions and, consequently, a poorer overall survival. In our patients, prognosis was related also with stage, histology (according to Working Formulation, WF) and performance status at the diagnosis. Elderly patient had not a significantly increased incidence of these unfavourable prognostic factors at the onset. However, patients aged 65 or more received lower doses of drugs during induction therapy (cyclophosphamide: 81%; vincristine: 73%; anthracyclines: 22% of patients under 55). Patients aged 55-65 had induction therapies of intermediate intensity; also proportion of complete remissions and survival were intermediate between the two other groups. Haematological toxicity appeared the most important cause of these reductions: in fact nadirs of neutrophils and platelets during induction therapy were similar in the 3 groups in spite of the different intensity of treatment. Even if statistical correlations are not possible, the incidence of infections has been higher in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Increased amplification of abl oncogene in K562 cells after passage in nude mice.

Human chronic myelogenous leukemic cells K562, carrying the Ph+ chromosome and an amplified abl oncogene, were injected subcutaneously in nude mice and gave rise to myeloid solid tumors after 4-5 weeks. DNA from the cells of the solid tumors was analyzed by Southern blotting using v-abl and actin probes. Increased amplification of human abl oncogene, but not of the actin gene was found. This suggests a clonal selection of a cell population with more copies of the abl oncogene. This in vivo selection appears to increase the tumorigenicity of K562 cells since, in a second transplantation in nude mice, we observed a shorter period of latency before tumor appearance (3 weeks) when compared to the initial transplantation.

Actins↗
PubMed1990

Surgery and chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

We have retrospectively examined 35 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with gastric involvement at the onset. All patients have completed induction therapy at the time of this report. Histologic specimens have been classified according to the Working Formulation. Patients have undergone surgery and/or chemotherapy. Twenty out of 22 patients with stage I or II disease had surgery. Seventeen out of 20 gastrectomized patients achieved complete remission (11 with stage I and 6 with stage II): Fifteen of these are in their first complete remission with median follow-up of 24 months (range 8-68). Three patients with stage IV had surgery, two of which achieved CR. These data confirm that combined therapy is useful in gastric NHL presenting with stage I and II; no conclusions can be drawn regarding disseminated disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: staging and therapy].

Some problems of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are examined, with special consideration for those related to treatment. Some questions of staging are also considered, together with some particular presentations, such as bulky diseases, central nervous system localizations, lymphoblastic lymphoma. The unique features of this disease in immunocompromised patients and problems related to the growing numbers of older patients eligible for curative treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Linkage in human heterochromatin between highly divergent Sau3A repeats and a new family of repeated DNA sequences (HaeIII family).

The hybridization of human DNA with three non-cross-hybridizing monomers (68 bp in length) of the heterochromatic Sau3A family of DNA repeats, indicates the coexistence within a Sau3A-positive genomic block of divergent Sau3A units as well as of unrelated sequences. To gain some insight into the structure of these human heterochromatic DNA regions, three previously cloned Sau3A-positive genomic fragments (with a total length of approximately 1900 base-pairs (bp] were sequenced. The analysis of the sequences showed the presence of clustered Sau3A units with different degrees of divergence and of two DNA regions of approximately 100 bp and 291 bp in length, unrelated to the family of repeats. A consensus sequence derived from the 24 identified Sau3A monomers presents, among highly variable regions, two less variant regions of 8 bp and 10 bp in length, respectively. The Sau3A-unrelated DNA fragment 291 bp in length, used as a probe on genomic DNA digested with a series of restriction enzymes, defines a "new" family of DNA repeats possessing periodicities for HaeIII (HaeIII family). Sau3A and HaeIII repeats display a high degree of linkage in a collection of Sau3A-positive genomic recombinant phages.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Recent findings on the role of oncogenes in neoplasms].

Oncogenes are one of the most important structures in tumor pathogenesis. Both extracellular (growth factors, membrane receptors, tyrosine kinase) and intracellular (phospholipids and nuclear phosphoproteins) signals are involved in cell proliferation. New data are becoming available that will allow a better understanding of tumor etiology.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Oncogenes and malignant hemopathies].

In the last ten years molecular biology has defined the role of oncogenes in the pathogenesis of malignant blood diseases. Included among these are: chronic myelogenous leukemia, with abl oncogene; Burkitt's lymphoma, where myc oncogene is translocated from chromosome 8 to chromosomes 2, 14 or 22 near immunoglobulin genes; some acute myelogenous leukemias; myelodysplastic syndromes with deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1985

Cloning of a repeat sequence from human DNA which contains a BamHI site.

A human 1.5 kilobase BamHI repeated DNA fragment has been cloned from a genomic library and subcloned in pBR322. It is part of the human homogeneous main-band DNA, it has properties similar to those of long interspersed repetitive sequences (LINES), and differs from the families of human repeated DNA already described.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1978

Satellite DNAs in eukaryotes: a non-adaptive mechanism of speciation which originated with sexual reproduction?

Satellite DNAs may have originated during evolution at the same time as sexual reproduction in order to suppress crossingover between the 2 heterogametic sex chromosomes, and may have acquired a function of sterility barriers in hybrid species during evolution. This origin of satellite DNAs appears to be reflected in different stages of speciation: partial and total heterogametic sex hybrid sterility and full hybrid sterility might correspond to subspecies, semispecies and full species.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The organization of DNA sequences in the mouse genome.

Analysis of the organization of nucleotide sequences in mouse genome is carried out on total DNA at different fragment size, reannealed to intermediate value of Cot, by Ag+--Cs2SO4 density gradient centrifugation.--According to nuclease S-1 resistance and kinetic renaturation curves mouse genome appears to be made up of non-repetitive DNA (76% of total DNA), middle repetitive DNA (average repetition frequency 2X10(4) copies, 15% of total DNA), highly repetitive DNA (8% of total DNA) and fold-back DNA (renatured density 1.701 g/ml, 1% of total DNA).--Non-repetitive sequences are intercalated with short middle repetitive sequences. One third of non-repetitive sequences is longer than 4500 nucleotides, another third is long between 1800 and 4500 nucleotides, and the remainder is shorter than 1800 nucleotides.--Middle repetitive sequences are transcribed in vivo. The majority of the transcribed repeated sequences appears to be not linked to the bulk of non-repeated sequences at a DNA size of 1800 nucleotides.--The organization of mouse genome analyzed by Ag+--Cs2SO4 density gradient of reannealed DNA appears to be substantially different than that previously observed in human genome using the same technique.

Animals↗