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Biomedical subjects

G Cornu

Publications and source records attributed to G Cornu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in an European paediatric population.

Six children with leishmaniasis, aged 10 months to 10 years, were treated in the Paediatric Department. Four patients had visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar): diagnosis was based on bone marrow examination and therapy consisted of a combination of Glucantime and Lomidine. The remaining two children had cutaneous leishmaniasis: diagnosis was made by skin biopsy and the patients were treated with Glucantime alone. In all children, serology was clearly positive at the time of the diagnosis and all patients improved. The only side effects were cough associated with fever in one child, and supraventricular premature beats in another one. They were ascribed to Glucantime, and proved reversible after discontinuation of the treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Kidney transplantation in patients with Wilms' tumor.

We report our experience of renal transplantation in three patients treated for Wilms' tumor (with lung metastasis in two of them), and review 26 previously reported cases in order to define the current indications of transplantation in this setting. Our patients, aged 5-12 years, were transplanted 13-95 months after completion of Wilms' tumor treatment. All three are alive and tumor-free, two with a functioning graft 20 and 97 months after transplantation. Two findings emerge from the review of the literature. First, posttransplant mortality is influenced by the delay between completion of tumor treatment and transplantation. Mortality reaches 79% when that delay is less than one year but falls to 27% when that delay exceeds one year. Second, the prognostic value of pretransplant metastasis depends on its location. All four patients with pretransplant abdominal metastasis died with active metastatic disease. By contrast, of three patients treated before transplantation for metastasis confined to the lung, two are alive and tumor free. We conclude that renal transplantation should be offered to patients successfully treated for Wilms' tumor for at least one year, even if the disease has been complicated by pulmonary metastasis. Several long-term survivors attest that the disease can be cured even under maintenance immunosuppression.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

Clinical trials with daunorubicin-DNA and adriamycin-DNA in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood, acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia, and bronchogenic carcinoma.

Treatment with daunorubicin-DNA (DNR-DNA) or adriamycin-DNA (ADM-DNA) has been evaluated in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood (ALL), acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) and bronchogenic carcinoma (BC). The Five-year survival rate in 69 children with ALL was 73.7% when ADM-DNA was introduced in the treatment and 38% with DNR-DNA (P = 0.03). A randomization between free DNR and DNR-DNA for remission induction in 26 patients with ANLL has shown that the drugs were of equivalent effectiveness. The one-year survival rate was 66% for the DNR group and 64% for the DNR-DNA group. In 59 patients with BC, a randomized trial between ADM-DNA and cyclophosphamide-vinblastine (CTX-VLB) did not show an advantage in favor of one of these treatments. In anaplastic BC (51 patients), there was no difference in survival rate or remission rate between patients treated with ADM or ADM-DNA. No cardiotoxicity was noted among the patients treated with the complexed drugs. ADM-DNA and DNR-DNA are as effective as the free drugs. Cardiotoxicity appears to be reduced.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Autonomic determination of proteins from urine by centrifugal and continuous flow analyses (author's transl)].

A precipitating reagent comprising partially neutralized trichloroacetic acid with magnesium sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and polyethylene glycol is used for automatic determination of proteins from urine by centrifugal analysis and continuous flow analysis. We compare and discuss the results of both methods, their limits of validity and incorporation in an automated laboratory.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1977

Use of miconazole for prevention of opportunistic fungal infection during treatment of haematological malignancies.

It appears that miconazole is highly effective in reducing the incidence of systemic mycosis in patients suffering from malignant haemopathy and bone marrow failure. Three clinical infections (one stomatitis and two septicaemias due to candida) were easily cured. Autopsy findings never disclosed mycosis as the cause of death. The drug was completely atoxic and seems to offer major help in the treatment of malignant blood disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Analysis of plasma urea by continuous flow method using enzymes].

An automated continuous flow method is described for the assay of plasmatic urea after hydrolysis by urease followed by NH+4 assay with glutamic-deshydrogenase. Precision and accuracy, comparison with chimical diacetyl-monoxim method are studied. The interaction of endogenous NH+4, the cost of the method are calculated.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1977

[Automatic dosage of total urinary proteins with centrifugal analyser].

Automatic assay of urinary total proteins on a centrifugal analyser. The assay of urinary proteins is achieved opacimetrically after precipitation by trichloracetic acid. The addition of tensio-active agents lates the initiation of precipitation, helps the formation of a microprecipitate thus hold in suspension. The technique is linear from 0 to 2,5 g/l and for every albumin/globulins ratio between pure albumin and pure globulin.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1976

Peritoneal dialysis and exchange transfusion in a neonate with argininosuccinic aciduria.

Peritoneal dialysis rapidly reduced blood ammonia concentration in this child with arginino-succinic acid-lyase deficiency, whereas exchange transfusion did not. Yet this reduction in plasma ammonia level did not produce clinical improvement. We speculate that the effects of ammonia intoxication on the highly susceptible neonatal metabolism are due to an accumulation of toxic products and to an altered energy metabolism. Both aspects must be considered in any attempt to treat congenital hyperammonaemia.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1976

[Automatic assay of plasma and urinary calcium, inorganic phosphate, creatinine and uric acid. Comparison between continuous flow analysis on a single microsample and low speed centrifugation].

A device is described allowing the association on a single microsample of assay by means of continuous flow analysis. The preparation of standards, the evaluation citeria of the method are presented. The preparation of standards, the evaluation criteria of the method are presented. The results are compared to those obtained by low speed centrifugation, i.e. by means of quite different analytical prinicples -- both dynamics and chemicals. These results are discussed : they allow to observe, as a whole, an excellent concordance.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of markers for human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2, human T-lymphotropic virus type I, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis B and C virus in multiply transfused thalassemia patients. The French Study Group On Thalassaemia.

The prevalence of markers for human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1, HIV-2), human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) was evaluated in a population of 305 multiply transfused thalassemia patients in Belgium, France, and Italy (Sicily). No patients were found positive for HIV-2 antibodies. Two French patients were seropositive for HIV-1, having been infected before systematic blood screening. Antibodies to HTLV-I were found in two Sicilian patients. A positive anti-HCV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was found in one-third of the patients and a positive CMV IgG test in two-thirds. Twenty-two percent of the patients in the three countries were uninfected by HBV and were not vaccinated. With the exception of HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I, and anti-hepatitis B surface antigen assays, all markers were encountered more frequently in Sicilian patients than in French or Belgian patients. This study emphasizes the need to improve HBV vaccination coverage in the three countries. At present, data indicate that the introduction of routine screening for HTLV-I should be considered, particularly in Sicily.

Adolescent↗