Needle biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules appearing after radiation.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Crile.
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Recurrence and metastases of a cystosarcoma phyllodes are poorly correlated with the histologic type and treatment used. There is some evidence, however, that the prognosis is more favorable for small tumors and minimal cellular atypism. Local excision seems to be associated with a higher incidence of recurrence of the tumor. Metastases can develop later from what appears primarily a benign, as well as a malignant, type. Mastectomy as primary treatment was not always effective in preventing the local recurrence of the tumor. If the tumor recurred after mastectomy, it gave rise to fatal metastases. The recurrence of the tumor after local excision is secondary to microscopic foci retained after enucleation. If a local excision is done, it should include a wide margin of mammary tissue around the tumor. Wide local excision, for small, slow growing and clinically benign tumors can be used as a first operation, with wider re-excision and later mastectomy if the tumor recurs. Large and rapidly growing tumors that suggest malignant disease should be treated primarily by mastectomy.
In patients with struma lymphomatosa treated by feeding thyroid, the indicence of lymphomas is low, and the prognosis of the patients is relatively good. The risk of thyroidectomy on all patients with uncomplicated struma lymphomatosa would greatly outweigh the benefits of preventing carcinoma. The association between struma lymphomatosa and carcinoma of thyroid does not appear to be causal. When patients are fed thyroid, there is little or no tendency for struma lymphomatosa to progress to clinically detectable carcinoma of the thyroid. The association of struma and papillary carcinoma comes from the observation of lymphocytic infiltration of the tissues surrounding papillary carcinomas of the thyroid, the result either of a lymphocytic reaction to the carcinoma or to radiation rather than that the carcinoma arose as a result of lymphocytic thyroiditis. Observation of 373 patients with struma lymphomatosa diagnosed by needle biopsy and treated by feeding thyroid failed to reveal a single instance of carconoma of the thyroid in 3,000 patient years of observation. In patients with uncomplicated struma lymphomatosa, the possibility of malignant tumor does not provide an indication either for open biopsy or for thyroidectomy.
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Fibrositis of the breast results in unilateral localized pain and tenderness in one breast. In most cases it can be specifically and permanently relieved by injection of steroids.
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