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Biomedical subjects

G D Cherayil

Publications and source records attributed to G D Cherayil.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effects of in vitro hyperthermia on fatty acids of red blood cells and plasma lipids from patients with multiple sclerosis.

Heparinized blood from 43 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 43 controls matched for age, sex and race were incubated at 42 degrees C for 24 h. The hematocrit values were determined before and after heating. The plasma and red blood cells (RBC) were separated and the plasma free fatty acids (FFA), total neutral lipids (NL; which included the triglycerides and cholesteryl esters), phospholipids (PL), and RBC lipids from 24 patients and 24 controls were isolated. The total amounts of the various FFA in the plasma and the relative percentage fatty acid compositions of the various FFA, NL, ester-linked fatty acids of plasma PL, RBC lipids as well as those of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) fractions of RBC lipids were determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The hematocrit values were significantly higher in heated samples from both MS and controls. The results of fatty acid analyses from 24 pairs of heated and unheated MS and controls showed that the concentrations of total FFA and most of the fatty acids increased significantly in the heated plasma of both MS and control samples, compared to the respective unheated plasma samples. When the FFA values were expressed as relative percentage compositions, the results showed significant increases in palmitic, arachidonic and adrenic acids and significant decreases in oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids in the heated samples from MS and controls compared to the corresponding unheated samples. In NL the relative percentages of linoleic and arachidonic acids were significantly higher in the heated samples from both MS and controls, while in the PL, the percentages of linoleic acid were lower in the heated samples from both MS and controls, when compared to the corresponding unheated samples. The fatty acid compositions of the RBC lipids showed highly significant increases in palmitic plus palmitoleic, stearic and oleic acids and significant decreases in linoleic and most of the polyunsaturated acids in the heated MS samples compared to the unheated MS samples. In contrast, the fatty acid compositions of the RBC lipids from heated controls showed significant increase in only palmitic plus palmitoleic acids and significant decreases in linoleic and arachidonic acids, compared to the values from unheated controls. The results show that the RBC membranes from MS were more affected by the heat than those of control RBC, indicating possible differences between blood from MS patients and controls.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1989

Can the hypotriglyceridemic effect of fish oil concentrate be sustained?

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether high doses of fish oil concentrate followed by low-dose maintenance therapy can sustain the initial plasma triglyceride reductions. DESIGN: Before-and-after trial with 3-month treatment periods. SETTING: Outpatient lipid clinic at a university medical center. PATIENTS: Sixteen patients with hypertriglyceridemia recruited from the General Internal Medicine Clinics. Five had concomitant hypercholesterolemia (type IIb). INTERVENTION: Fish oil supplementation at two doses. After basal measurements, 9.8 g/d omega-3 fatty acids were provided for study months 1 to 3, and 3.9 g/d were provided for study months 4 to 6. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Blood was drawn monthly and plasma was analyzed for levels of triglycerides, low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein B, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1, and glucose and glycohemoglobin. During therapy with the higher dose, mean plasma triglyceride levels were reduced from 3.65 +/- 0.35 mmol/L at baseline to 1.85 +/- 0.20 mmol/L at 1 month, but increased by 30% to 2.40 +/- 0.30 mmol/L by the third month of therapy (P less than 0.05): this increase could not be explained by changes in body weight or compliance. Plasma triglyceride levels continued to increase with low-dose therapy and remained only 11% below baseline values by the sixth month of therapy (P = not significant). Although fish oil therapy increased HDL cholesterol levels (+18% at high dose; 99% CI, 5% to 31%), favorable changes were not seen in LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, or apolipoprotein A1 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Fish oil concentrate at high doses followed by low-dose maintenance therapy cannot sustain the initial large plasma triglyceride reductions. Moreover, the efficacy of the higher dose becomes less pronounced after the first month of therapy. This reduced efficacy during prolonged therapy, and the lack of beneficial effect on apolipoprotein and LDL cholesterol levels, may limit the practical benefit of fish oil in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Sialic acid and fatty acid concentrations in lymphocytes, red blood cells and plasma from patients with multiple sclerosis.

Lipids and constituents of lipids were isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), red blood cells (RBC), plasma and sera from 51 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 51 controls, matched for age, sex and race. The amount of sialic acid released by incubation of intact PBL from MS patients was significantly lower (P less than 0.02) than that of the sialic acid from control lymphocytes. The amounts of sialic acid released by neuraminidase from intact RBC, on the other hand, did not differ significantly between the MS group and the control group. The concentrations of ganglioside sialic acid in PBL from MS and control groups did not vary significantly. Similarly the concentration of ganglioside sialic acid in RBC from MS patients was not significantly different from that in the controls. Analyses of the fatty acids isolated after alkaline methanolysis of the lipids from the PBL of MS patients and controls showed a small but significant decrease (P less than 0.01) in the relative percentage of linoleic acid in patients with MS. Determination of the ester-linked fatty acids in RBC lipids from patients with MS showed a significant decrease (P less than 0.001) in the relative percentage of linoleic acid and an increase (P less than 0.01) in palmitic plus palmitoleic acids compared to control values. The fatty acid composition of the plasma neutral lipids plus free fatty acids showed a very significant decrease (P much less than 0.001) in the relative percentage of linoleic acid, a small decrease (P less than 0.05) in arachidonic acid and significant increases in palmitic (P less than 0.001) and oleic acids (P less than 0.001) in MS, compared to controls. These results are suggestive of possible differences in metabolism of lipids between patients with MS and controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Abnormal lipid composition of fat tissue in human mesenteric panniculitis.

Mesenteric fat tissue obtained at autopsy from 6 patients with mesenteric panniculitis (MP) were found to contain significant amounts of cholesteryl esters (CE). In addition, samples from 3 of these cases were found to contain 0.5-1.3% free cholesterol, 0.9-1.9% free fatty acids (FFA), 0.6-2.5% l-alkyl glyceryl ether diesters and small amounts of squalene. Two of these tissues also contained alk-l-enyl glyceryl ether diesters. The fatty acid compositions of the CE, FFA, triacylglycerides and glyceryl ether diesters (GEDE) were determined and oleic acid (18:1) was found to be the major fatty acid. The alkyl group composition of the GEDE consisted essentially of 16:0 and 18:0 and 18:1 carbon atoms in both types of ethers.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1977

Amniotic fluid lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio changes related to centrifugal force.

Lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio (L/S ratio) in amniotic fluid has gained wide clinical acceptance as an index of fetal lung maturity. We determined L/S ratios of amniotic fluids centrifuged at various "g-forces." Our studies demonstrate that the L/S ratio value is highly dependent on the g-force used to prepare the fluid. We recommend standardization of the g-force, time, and temperature used in preparation of the amniotic fluid for L/S ratio determination.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1970

Thin-layer chromatography of tissue lipids without extraction.

Frozen tissue sections were applied directly to silica gel plates, and the lipids were separated by developing the plates in different solvent systems. Quantitation of the lipid classes was achieved by direct transmission densitometry after the plates were treated with a chromic acid-sulfuric acid spray.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1968

Fatty acid composition of brain glycolipids in Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, and cerebrocortical atrophy.

Quantitative fatty acid compositions are reported for human cerebral gray matter glycolipids (gangliosides, cerebrosides, and cerebroside sulfates) in Alzheimer's disease (presenile dementia) and related disorders of the central nervous system. Although the fatty acid compositions were generally similar to those of the controls, some significant differences were noted in Alzheimer's disease which were not found in the single samples of senile dementia and of senile cerebrocortical atrophy. In the ganglioside fatty acids, the percentage of palmitic acid was higher in all three cases of Alzheimer's disease than in the controls. In cerebrosides, the proportion of 2-hydroxy to non-hydroxy acids was slightly lower in Alzheimer's disease than in controls and the relative proportions of 2-hydroxystearic acid and 2-hydroxytricosenoic acid were slightly higher. In cerebroside sulfates, monounsaturated 2-hydroxy acids were lower in two of the samples with Alzheimer's disease. The results indicate possible effects of the degenerative changes in this disease on glycolipid metabolism.

Aged↗