Penicillin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis.
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Dysgammaglobulinemia↗
Biomedical subjects
G D Corcoran
Publications and source records attributed to G D Corcoran.
Application and assessment of cloacin typing of Enterobacter cloacae.
Three methods, O-serotyping, phage typing and susceptibility to bacteriocins, were used to type 357 clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae cultured from 219 patients. One hundred and sixty isolates were typed by serology and phage typing. When these two methods were used, primary classification of isolates was based on serology (65.7% typable) and phage typing for further subdivision (94.1% typable). When all the isolates were typed by cloacin susceptibility, 81.5% of them were typable. Maximum discrimination between cultures was achieved when the three methods were used together; no single method was sufficiently discriminatory. There was a close parallel between serotyping and bacteriocin lysis pattern. The latter was easy to perform and the results were achieved within 48 h. By applying this typing system two episodes of cross-infection were identified in a haematology/oncology unit and intensive care unit.
Bacteriophage Typing↗
Fusobacterium nucleatum bacteraemia with multiple liver abscesses in an HIV-I antibody positive man with IgG2 deficiency.
Liver abscess formation due to Fusobacterium nucleatum is rare. We describe an HIV-I antibody positive man, with normal surrogate markers of cell-mediated immunity, who presented with F. nucleatum bacteraemia and liver abscess formation. He was found to have IgG2 subclass deficiency. This case illustrates the clinical importance of altered B-cell function in patients who are at an early stage of HIV disease.
Adult↗
Entamoeba coli as possible cause of diarrhoea.
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Animals↗
Salmonella dublin infection of a prosthetic vascular graft successfully treated with ciprofloxacin.
The treatment of an infected vascular graft invariably requires an extra-anatomic bypass through a non-infected tissue plane, as simple drainage with antibiotics is rarely successful. We report a case in which an established infection of a prosthetic vascular graft with Salmonella dublin was successfully treated with simple drainage and a prolonged course of oral ciprofloxacin.
Aneurysm↗
Septicaemia caused by Pediococcus pentosaceus: a new opportunistic pathogen.
A case of septicaemia caused by Pediococcus pentosaceus is described. The role played by pediococci, and other vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive cocci, in disease states is examined. We suggest that in immunocompromised patients these organisms act as opportunist pathogens. This would appear to be the first reported case of P. pentosaceus septicaemia.
Ampicillin↗
Severe pneumococcal infection: a one year survey.
Invasive pneumococcal infection is a major health problem with considerable mortality. In most patients the diagnosis is relatively straightforward but this study points out that in many, especially children, it is difficult because of a lack of clinical signs of septicaemia. While chronic respiratory disease is a major predisposing factor, malignancy and immune disorders are also common underlying features. Certain risk groups may benefit considerably from vaccination. The treatment of established infection is now complicated by the emergence of resistant strains, but penicillin remains the mainstay of therapy.
Adolescent↗
Listeriosis: a community problem?
Three epidemiologically distinct cases of listeriosis, one perinatal and two adult, presented in hospital over a three day period. Clinical signs were non-specific with pyrexia and respiratory distress. Diagnosis in all three was made by blood cultures. Such cases reflect the general increase in reporting of listeriosis and suggest that the condition is increasing in incidence in the community, most likely due to food contamination. Raw vegetables, milk, soft cheeses, pre-cooked and inadequately cooked meats have all been implicated. Regular public health inspection of foods and food storage facilities with increased public awareness of the hazards of inadequate cooking and storage of food are the most effective means of preventing listeriosis and its potentially disastrous consequences especially for pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients.
Adult↗
Penicillin-resistant pneumococcus.
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Aged↗
In-vitro production of nitrosamines by bacteria isolated from the operated stomach.
Evidence is presented of in-vitro catalysis of nitrosation by organisms isolated from the hypoacidic operated stomach. Subjects taking part in a prospective study of potential premalignancy after benign ulcer surgery underwent endoscopy, and samples of gastric juice were obtained aseptically. The organisms present were identified using the API system and tested for their ability to catalyse the nitrosation of the secondary amine, morpholine, at neutral pH and 37 degrees C. Four of the five species tested were found to be capable of the catalysis. Cellular disruption and denaturation of protein abolished the catalytic ability, suggesting that the catalysis is mediated by an enzymic system. Osmotic shock experiments indicate that the enzyme site may be on the inner membrane.
Female↗
An investigation of possible risk factors associated with gastric cancer after benign ulcer operations.
The risk of developing gastric cancer has been investigated in a case-control study and in a prospective investigation. In the case-control study, 1495 cases of gastric cancer were identified in five city hospitals and matched with autopsy controls from the same hospitals. The frequency of operations for benign ulcer [partial gastrectomy (PG) and gastroenterostomy] was similar in the two groups. Thus, there was no increased risk for late gastric cancer after an ulcer operation. A total of 140 operated ulcer subjects [80 truncal vagotomy and drainage (TVD), 60 PG and 78 nonoperated cases attending with dyspepsia (C)] were examined by endoscopy, multiple gastric biopsy and analysis of gastric juice for nitrite. Biopsies were graded for gastritis and a gastritis index was derived (normal, 1; superficial gastritis, 2; chronic atrophic gastritis: mild, 3; moderate, 4; severe, 5). More atrophic gastritis was found in operated subjects than in controls: TVD, 2.3 +/- 0.08 (mean +/- SE); PG, 2.6 +/- 0.1 versus C, 1.8 +/- 0.08, p less than 0.01. The severity of atrophic gastritis increased after an operation interval of 20 years in PG subjects (p less than 0.05). Intestinal metaplasia was a common change, but unequivocal epithelial dysplasia was not observed. Two cases of operated stomach cancer were found. High levels of nitrite were positively correlated with pH and a high gastritis index. This evidence does not suggest that ulcer surgery leads to either an increased risk of cancer or a precancerous condition.
Gastrectomy↗
Real-time carotid ultrasonography and wave-speed oculoplethysmography: a useful combination in the screening for carotid occlusive disease in ocular embolism.
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Adult↗
Periductal mastitis and mammary duct ectasia in a male.
A case of periductal mastitis and mammary duct ectasia is presented in a 50 year old male, with presenting symptoms similar to those of females, namely subareolar breast lump and mastalgia. As far as can be ascertained only 4 cases of mammary duct ectasia and periductal mastitis in males have been reported previously. Since this entity is not well known in males it is possible that it may be underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed clinically and histologically.
Breast↗