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Biomedical subjects

G D Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to G D Gupta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Inhalation toxicity of furfural vapours: an assessment of biochemical response in rat lungs.

The pulmonary biochemical response, particularly the effects on mixed-function oxidases, was investigated in rats exposed to 40 ppm furfural for 1 h daily, 5 days per week, for periods of 7, 15 and 30 days. This concentration is ca. 22% of the acute LC50 dose. Exposure to furfural increased the activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, inhibited the activities of arginase and succinic dehydrogenases and elevated the concentration of lactic acid in the lungs. In the group of mixed-function oxidases, the activities of aminopyrene-N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase (phase I, cytochrome P-450b specific) significantly increased and the activity of Benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase (phase I, cytochrome P-450c specific) decreased. The activity of glutathione-S-transferase (phase II component) also was increased concurrently with a decrease in the concentration of glutathione. The magnitude of biochemical alterations in most cases was related directly to the duration of exposure. Our observations indicate that furfural caused pulmonary irritation, parenchymal injury and the regenerative proliferation of type II pneumocytes. Selective (cellular and/or cytochrome P-450 isozyme specific) enhancement of pulmonary mixed-function oxidases by furfural appears to stimulate its own pulmonary biotransformation, and the excretion of oxidative metabolites was facilitated by their enzymatic conjugation with glutathione.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Determination of length of human long bones of hands from their fragments.

In cases of fragment/broken long bones, it becomes difficult to measure the length of bones for the purpose of calculation of total height (stature) of the individual with the help of magnification factors. An attempt has been made to devise a method of calculating the bones length from fragments on three long bones of the upper extremity.

Biometry↗
PubMed1989

Determination of length of human upper limb long bones from their fragments.

It is impossible to measure directly the length of fragmentary or broken long bones. It is in order to calculate the height (stature) of the individual, using magnification factors. An attempt has been made to devise a method of calculating the length from such fragments for the three long bones of the upper limb.

Arm↗
PubMed1978

Treatment for patients with cerebral metastases.

To establish the effectiveness of treatment of patients with intracranial metastatic neoplasms, a retrospective study of survival of patients who had surgical excision, irradiation, or chemotherapy was compared with survival of patients who received no treatment. Our results indicate that although any form of therapy was superior to no treatment, no modality was clearly better than another. Furthermore, the prognosis for survival of patients with solitary lesions from a known primary was only slightly better than that of patients with numerous metastases. The prognosis was slightly improved when the cerebral lesion was detected before finding the primary site of origin. These observations should be considered when planning treatment for patients with brain metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Relationship of lymphocyte invasion and survival of brain tumor patients.

The length of survival of 149 patients harboring primary brain tumors was retrospectively correlated with the presence and location of lymphocytic infiltration. Mononuclear invasion of malignant gliomas confined to the perivascular spaces was the only histolgical finding that correlated significantly with survival. Patients with malignant gliomas containing perivascular infiltration live up to four months longer than those with no lymphocyte infiltration. The survival of patients with brain tumors who had lymphocyte invasion associated with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis beyond and separate from perivascular spaces was the same as far as for those with no lymphocyte involvement.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1977

Haemodynamic changes with blood transfusion in chronic severe anaemia.

Circulatory behavior in chronic, severely anaemic patients on volume loading is not precisely known. Twenty young male subjets with hook-worm anaemia, (Hb 2 to 5 gm %), without any complications were transfused with 300 or 600 ml of whole blood at 3 6 or ml/mt. Haemodynamic study was done before and immediately after. Blood volume was low, intracardiac pressures normal or minimally abnormal, cardiac output raised and vascular resistances low. After transfusion, there was a small but significant rise in arterial and mixed venous oxygen content, oxygen transport, heart rate, pulmonary wedge and mean polmonary arterial pressures and fall in % coeffcient of oxygen utilisation. Central venous pressures rose only with bigger transfusion. Change in cardiac output was related to the output before transfusion. Three subjects with cardiac index above 7 1/min had a fall and 6 of 7 below 7 1/min. a rise. Fall is perhaps related to the rise in blood oxygen content. It is argued that it is not an index of cardiac failure, as is often believed. Changes in pulmonary pressures are more sensitive than central venous pressure. One of our subjects died suddenly a day after uneventful study. Existing knowledge of haemodynamic status in severe anaemia and the change on transfusion helps little in explaining such deaths and others due to pulmonary oedema during or shortly after small to large transfusions. Further work in this field aiming to study changes in myocardial function and dynamic pressure volume relation in the vascular system is required.

Adolescent↗