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Biomedical subjects

G D Nadkarni

Publications and source records attributed to G D Nadkarni.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Binding of 99Tcm sulphur colloid to blood components: implications in renal transplant rejection.

The percentage binding of 99Tcm sulphur colloid to blood components (formed elements and plasma proteins) was studied within 1 min of the intravenous injection of the radiopharmaceutical in humans as well as rats. In humans, 68% of the total blood counts were bound to the formed elements (erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets). The binding pattern (as percentage of plasma counts) among the plasma protein fractions in humans was as follows: albumin, 9.85 +/- 2.06; fibrinogen, 56.70 +/- 7.96; and total proteins, 66.55 +/- 7.32. Activity bound to fibrinogen represented 82.3 +/- 9.1% of the total protein-bound activity in humans. In rats as well fibrinogen was the predominant binding protein (73.8 +/- 5.6). The significant binding of the 99Tcm sulphur colloid to plasma fibrinogen and formed elements of blood may be one of the reasons for the uptake of this radiocolloid in renal transplants before rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of ethanol on turpentine-induced acute phase response in rats.

Turpentine-induced acute-phase response and its modulation by ethanol in rats at 48 hr has been studied. There was more than 2.3-5.1 fold increase in fibrinogen and seromucoids concentrations in plasma, accompanied by 28% decline in albumin concentration in turpentine-stimulated rats. The fractional synthesis rate of these two acute-phase proteins was increased by 4.1-6.4 fold, while that of albumin (non acute-phase protein) was reduced by 32.6%. Ethanol inhibited this induction of acute-phase protein synthesis at 48 hr. The inhibition of acute-phase response by ethanol was significantly more pronounced for seromucoids than for fibrinogen and appeared to be dependent on the carbohydrate content of the acute-phase glycoprotein.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Effect of dietary eggs on liver and plasma proteins of rats. I. Synthesis of serum low-density lipoproteins.

The total lipid content in the livers of rats consuming cooked whole eggs as the only source of food for 21 days was elevated to three times that of control animals. The incorporation of 14C-labelled amino acids into serum low-density lipoprotein apoproteins was increased by 52% in these rats, without affecting the incorporation into serum albumin and liver total proteins. The turnover of low-density lipoprotein in these egg-fed rats appears to be very high.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of propylthiouracil, methimazole and thyroidectomy on liver and plasma proteins: differential response to thyroxine.

Differential effects of propylthiouracil (PTU), methimazole (MMI) and thyroidectomy (Tx) on liver and plasma proteins have been studied in rats, some of which have been simultaneously treated with L-thyroxine (T4). Although the absolute liver weights were lower in all hypothyroid groups, the relative liver weights (g/100 g) were significantly higher in PTU and MMI groups, while in Tx group they were lower. T4 administration raised the absolute liver weights in all groups, even though there was no significant difference between relative weights in PTU and MMI groups. In Tx group, however, the relative weight was restored to control level. One of the constituents responsible for the increased relative liver weight was liver protein. The increased liver protein concentration (mg/g) was, however, not reflected in the synthesis rate which was uniformly low in all groups inspite of T4 therapy. Plasma albumin concentration was raised in hypothyroid rats which did not respond to T4 therapy. On the other hand, increased total plasma protein level was restored to normal. Relative 14C-glycine incorporation into albumin, fibrinogen, seromucoids and total proteins was reduced from 14 to 30%, 5.2 to 19% and 13 to 23% of control in PTU, MMI and Tx groups, respectively. Of these, only MMI and Tx groups appeared to be responsive to T4 therapy. Of all the protein fractions, fibrinogen synthesis was least affected by various treatments. To some extent these observations may be explained on the basis of altered general endocrine status and specific extra-thyroidal effects, rather than on the basis of thyroid status alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Differential effects of propylthiouracil, methimazole and thyroidectomy on liver ferritin.

Different groups of rats were made hypothyroid by thyroidectomy (Tx) or treatment with propylthiouracil (PTU) or methimazole (MMI). Some of the hypothyroid rats from each group were simultaneously treated with thyroxine (T4). Liver ferritin concentration and 14C-glycine incorporation into liver ferritin in these rats were studied. Only in MMI-treated rats the ferritin concentration was elevated, which was reduced by simultaneous T4 treatment. PTU treatment resulted in 36-42% reduction in ferritin synthesis, which was not responsive to T4. Thyroidectomy induced 23% enhancement in ferritin synthesis, which was normal in T4-treated Tx rats. The possible causes for these differential effects in hypothyroid rats have been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of chronic ethanol ingestion on liver and plasma protein synthesis in galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats.

In rats a single injection (330 mg/kg) of D-galactosamine significantly inhibited in vivo incorporation of 14C-amino acids into fibrinogen, seromucoids and total liver proteins, but not albumin, by one third. Prior chronic exposure to ethanol (5 g/kg/day for 6 weeks) potentiated the inhibition of synthesis of all protein fractions (including albumin) up to about 50%. Propylthiouracil had no beneficial but deleterious effect against this potentiation of hepatotoxicity.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1983

Potentiation of hepatotoxicity by ethanol in galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats: role of propylthiouracil protection.

Chronic ingestion of ethanol (5 g/kg/day) for 6 weeks increased the hepatotoxicity of a single injection of D-galactosamine (330 mg/kg) in rats. Plasma transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and sulphobromophthalein retention were consistently high in alcohol-fed rats compared to sucrose-fed controls, 25 hours after galactosamine administration. Liver histology in sucrose-fed rats revealed typical inflammatory changes and cytoplasmic vacuolation without cell necrosis was seen. Propylthiouracil treatment had no beneficial or protective effect in alcohol-fed rats in this animal model of hepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Studies on Tc-99m-labeled liver ferritin: hepatobiliary behavior in rats: concise communication.

Ferritin was isolated from the livers of iron-loaded rats and labeled with Tc-99m. The radionuclide was found to be firmly bound to ferritin and essentially free of colloids. When injected into rats, about 65% of administered dose was found to be concentrated in the liver within 30 min. The blood activity declined rapidly. Liver activity appeared to be excreted slowly through the hepatobiliary route, through there was 5 to 9% constant excretion through the kidneys. The results suggest that this labeled protein may prove useful as a hepatobiliary radiopharmaceutical.

Animals↗