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Biomedical subjects

G D Nicholson

Publications and source records attributed to G D Nicholson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The prevalence of severe leptospirosis among humans on Barbados.

Leptospirosis was confirmed by the Leptospira Laboratory in 138 hospital patients on Barbados between early November 1979 and the end of 1982 (annual average 43.6 cases). These were the great majority of severe cases occurring on the island during that time. The crude incidence rate ranged between 15 and 23 per 100,000 population per year (average 17.6). 26 of the patients died (15 males, 11 females), giving an over-all case fatality rate of 18.8%, and an average of 8.2 deaths per year. 68% of all cases were in males. The highest percentages of cases were in males aged 20 to 24 and females aged 55 to 59, but the incidence of the disease in both sexes increased with age up to 60 years. Previous figures recorded on the island by the Ministry of Health for 1975-79 were considerably lower, with a mean of 23.6 cases per year and a crude annual incidence of 9.5 per 100,000. 15 of the patients died (13 males, 2 females), giving an over-all case fatality rate of 12.7% and an average of 3 deaths per year. 74% of all cases were in males. The highest percentages of cases were in the 20 to 29 and 50 to 59 year age groups for males and females, respectively, i.e., similar to those in the present series. In both sexes the incidence of leptospirosis increased with age up to 60 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Thrombocytopenia in leptospirosis.

In a retrospective study undertaken to document the frequency of thrombocytopenia in cases of leptospirosis, 18 of 32 patients (56.3%) had a platelet count of 100 x 10(3)/mm3 or less. Renal failure occurred in 72.2% of thrombocytopenic patients and in 21.4% of patients with normal platelet counts. The association of thrombocytopenia and renal failure was significant (P less than 0.02). The common occurrence of thrombocytopenia and its association with acute renal failure in patients with leptospirosis has not previously been reported.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1980

Minoxidil in the management of moderate hypertension.

The effects of minoxidil used in combination with propranolol were assessed in the management of moderate hypertension. All patients had diastolic blood pressures above 95 mm Hg after therapy with thiazide diuretics for 2 weeks and were randomly assigned to treatment schedules which added minoxidil and propranolol in dosage ratios of 1:2, 1:4, and 1:8. Diastolic pressures were reduced to less than 90 mm Hg by upward titration of minoxidil dosage, minoxidil was discontinued; 2 weeks later propranolol was also withdrawn. A diastolic pressure less than 90 mm Hg was achieved with 5 mg of minoxidil in 50% of the patients. While vasodilator-induced tachycardia was blocked at all minoxidil/propranolol ratio, the 1:8 ratio group demonstrated the greatest percentage reduction in systolic and diastolic pressures at the end of the first week. We conclude that rapid control of moderate hypertension can be achieved by modest doses of minoxidil and with the production of only minor side effects, a minoxidil/propranolol ratio of 1:8 being adequate to prevent tachycardia.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1975

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a report of 2 cases.

Two cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis are reported in Negroes. The clinical findings are similar to those in previously reported cases. In 1 case nephrolithotomy was followed by the development of a perinephric abcess 8 months later. Late diagnosis has limited experience with more conservative management, which should be reserved for demonstrably focal disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Membranous glomerulonephropathy with crescents.

A case is reported in which typical histological features of idiopathic membranous glomerulonephropathy co-existed with atypical glomeruli showing cellular epithelial crescents in addition to diffuse basement-membrane thickening. These features were seen in a renal biopsy specimen taken during rapidly progressive deterioration of renal function in a patient previously known to have mild ankle edema for four years.

Basement Membrane↗