Sampling times in micronucleus testing.
A series of micronucleus inducers were evaluated in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test to determine if a 72-h sampling time enhances the sensitivity for detecting genotoxic agents. Male and female Swiss albino mice were dosed once with 7,12- dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, 6-mercaptopurine, benzo[a]pyrene, benzene, cyclophosphamide, 2-acetylaminofluorene, tubulazole, or mitomycin C. According to the EEC and OECD guidelines, the mice were killed at 24, 48 and 72 h after dosing. All test compounds induced an increase in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes at 24 and/or 48 h. From the results obtained, it was evident that the 72-h sampling time does not enhance the sensitivity of the micronucleus test. The present data show that for screening purposes two sampling times at 24 and 48 h are sufficient to detect clastogens as well as aneugens. Although quantitative differences were found in sensitivity to micronucleus inducers between male and female mice, no qualitative differences were observed between the two sexes.