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Biomedical subjects

G Dekoster

Publications and source records attributed to G Dekoster.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

SMA circuits reduce platelet consumption and platelet factor release during cardiac surgery.

BACKGROUND: Platelet count and function are particularly damaged by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study evaluated the effects of a novel CPB circuit in terms of platelet count and activation, and postoperative need for blood products. METHODS: One hundred patients undergoing coronary grafting were randomized in two groups: control group (n = 50) and test group (n = 50, surface modifying additives circuit, SMA group). Blood samples were taken before, during, and after CPB. Postoperative blood loss, number of transfused blood products, and postoperative variables were recorded. RESULTS: The platelet count decreased less in the SMA group compared to the control group (end of CPB: respectively, 165 +/- 9 x 10(3)/mm3 vs 137 +/- 8 x 10(3)/mm3; p < 0.01). This was paralleled by a reduction in beta-thromboglobulin plasma levels in the SMA group. There was a trend to decreased blood loss in the SMA group, but the difference was significant only in patients taking aspirin preoperatively (p < 0.05). In the SMA group nearly 50% less fresh frozen plasma and platelet units were administered (p < 0.01). No operative deaths were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The use of circuits with surface additives is clinically safe, preserves platelet levels, and attenuates platelet activation. This may lead to a reduced need for blood products.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Successful revascularization of an orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) with the recipient right gastroepiploic artery.

A technique for revascularizing the arterial supply to an orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) in a 55-year-old male afflicted with end-stage alcoholic liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension is reported. The presence of well-developed portosystemic collaterals and an unsuitable recipient common hepatic artery necessitated the dissection and liberation of the right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA) for its subsequent use as the recipient arterial source. Posttransplantation, save for an early biliary leak which was corrected promptly, the patient's evolution was uneventful. Two separate celiac angiographic series at 6 weeks and 20 months posttransplantation revealed an excellent flow through the recipient and donor arterial systems. Additionally, the RGEA demonstrated an adaptation in caliber when pre- and posttransplantation angiograms were compared. It was concluded that the RGEA is a suitable rescue option for revascularization of OLT's provided it satisfies elementary hemodynamic requirements.

Angiography↗
PubMed1992

Mycotic aneurysm of the upper abdominal aorta ruptured into the stomach.

We report a case of primary aortogastric fistula with erosion of a mycotic aneurysm of the upper abdominal aorta into the stomach. The patient was successfully operated on with an in situ aortoaortic tube graft, incorporating the splanchnic vessels, and direct suture of the gastric erosion.

Aneurysm, Infected↗
PubMed1990

[Mitral valve replacement in post-infarction rupture of the papillary muscle. Apropos of 13 cases surgically treated during the acute phase of infarction].

Between 1983 and 1988, thirteen patients (12 men and 1 women, average age 63 years) were operated in the acute phase of myocardial infarction for papillary muscle rupture (PMR). The rupture involved the posterior papillary muscle in 12 cases. The average left ventricular ejection fraction was 47 +/- 9 per cent (range 34 to 63%). Pulmonary capillary pressures ranged from 76 to 41 mmHg (average 35 mmHg). Eleven patients presented with acute pulmonary oedema and 7 had cardiogenic shock. Coronary arteriography showed triple vessel disease in 3 cases, double vessel disease in 7 cases and single vessel disease in 3 cases. Surgery was carried out on average 2.7 days after the rupture and 10 days after the initial infarct. In addition to mitral valve replacement (N = 13), 11 patients underwent a myocardial revascularisation procedure. The operative mortality was 15 per cent (N = 2). Papillary muscle rupture in the acute phase of myocardial infarction causes cardiac failure which is related more to the mechanical abnormality than to an alteration of left ventricular function. Considering the operative mortality and the natural history of PMR treated medically, the authors recommend early surgery as the only management which can improve the precarious haemodynamic status of patients with this complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Primary pulmonary hemangiopericytoma: early local recurrence after perioperative rupture of the giant tumor mass (two cases).

We report two recent observations of giant hemangiopericytoma of the lung, one in a 4-year-old child and another in a 65-year-old man. There were no specific clinical signs, but the radiologic appearance was rather characteristic in both cases, as were the histologic findings. Pneumonectomy was carried out, complicated in each case by rupture of the fragile, incomplete pseudocapsule and diffuse dissemination of necrotic tumor tissue in the operative field and opposite bronchial tree. Outcome was fatal in both cases within a few months, with extensive, rapidly growing metastases in the subcutaneous scar tissue of the thoracotomy and in the other lung and in one case with diffuse diaphragmatic and intraabdominal metastases. These two observations will offer some guidelines for better understanding of this rare localization of hemangiopericytoma, its natural history, and its optimal treatment, with special reference to the malignant potential and local recurrence rate.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Unusual use of myocutaneous pedicled grafts in cervico-facial cancer].

The principle, the technique and the usual uses of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps in head and neck oncology are called again. Three examples of unusual use are described: reconstruction of the tongue after total glossectomy with preservation of the larynx, mediastinal tracheostomy, pharyngo-esophageal reconstruction with muscle flap alone after total laryngo-pharyngectomy.

Glossectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coronary artery reoperations.

From June 1976 to June 1989, 138 previously revascularized coronary patients were reoperated upon. This represents 3.28% of all aortocoronary bypass procedures performed during the same period in our institution. Characteristics of this group, risk factors, coronarographic data, perioperative morbidity and mortality are analyzed and compared to the data of the general population undergoing bypass surgery. The mean age of individuals requiring reoperation was 59 years. The mean interval between the two operations reached 73 months (5 to 180 months). Angiographic lesions were more extensive with three-vessel disease in 65% of the reoperated patients. The mean ejection fraction was 55%. A mean of 2.1 bypass grafts per patient were inserted with 60% of cases having an internal mammary artery graft. Perioperative infarction occurred in 8.0% of the reoperations and an intraaortic balloon counterpulsation was necessary in 4.3% at the end of the procedure. Operative mortality was 5%. Symptomatic improvement was obtained in 85% of the cases. In recent years, cardiac transplantation has been performed for 11 previously bypassed patients with severely impaired ventricular function. There were no postoperative deaths. Cardiac transplantation can be considered as a more valuable alternative to repeat coronary artery bypass grafting in such cases.

Angina, Unstable↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty combined with valvular replacement in patients with ulcer disease.

In 1988, 5 patients (3 men and 2 women) with ulcer disease (mean age 56 +/- 8 years) underwent valvular replacement for aortic (No. = 4) or mitral disease (No. = 1). All patients had had gastroduodenal ulcers. Preoperative gastroscopy demonstrated active ulcers (No. = 4) and a healed pyloric ulcer with pyloric stenosis (No. = 1). Despite the presence of ulcers, a non-biologic prosthesis was preferred in each patient because of their young age (No. = 3), chronic atrial fibrillation requiring anticoagulant therapy (No. = 1), and refusal of the eventuality of subsequent reoperation (No. = 1). In each patient, a truncal vagotomy with pyloroplasty was performed simultaneously with the valvular procedures by the same incision. The postoperative courses were uneventful. With a mean follow-up of 15 +/- 3 months, no gastrointestinal bleeding was observed during anticoagulant therapy. With anticoagulant drugs, bleeding may occur with a frequency of 4% per patient treatment-year, half of which are gastrointestinal in origin. Nevertheless, in selected patients with gastroduodenal ulcers, performing a vagotomy-pyloroplasty simultaneously with valvular replacement allows implantation of a non-biologic prosthesis, with greater durability than bioprosthesis.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: literature review and surgical treatment. Apropos of 2 retrohepatic localizations].

Two cases of leiomyosarcoma of retrohepatic inferior vena cava are reported. The two patients are women and are currently alive with metastases one, seven years, and the other one year postoperatively. Leiomyosarcoma of inferior vena cava s a rare tumor which has an unexplained predilection for women. Clinical symptoms are non specific and depend mostly on the segment of the vessel involved. Preoperative diagnosis is based on ultrasonography, computed tomography and cavography. Although the prognosis is poor due to local recurrence and metastasis, we recommend an aggressive approach by radical tumor resection and caval reconstruction.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Simultaneous coronary and carotid surgery: apropos of 73 cases].

A series of 73 simultaneous carotid and coronary revascularizations (Group I) is presented (January 1980-December 1988). Age, sex, risk factors, severity of angina, coronarography, neurological symptoms, angiographic carotid lesions and operative outcome of these 73 patients are compared with the aspects of 3544 coronary bypass patients (Group II) and 1001 carotid endarterectomized patients (Group III) during the same period. The angina in Group I is more severe, with 22% belonging to NYHA class IV and 26% having a stenosis of the left main coronary artery, vs 14% and 13% in Group II. Seventy percent of the carotid lesions in Group I are asymptomatic vs 33% in Group III. Group I patients had more problems in the perioperative period, with 16.4% needing prolonged high-doses analeptics and 5.4% intraaortic counterpulsation balloon. Operative mortality is higher (7%) in Group I compared with Group II (2.3%) and Group III (1.7%). These results permit to define a population of polyvascular patients with concomitant coronary and carotid disease, characterized by a more diffuse atherosclerosis and a higher operative risk. Operative morbidity and mortality after combined myocardial and cerebral revascularization remains nevertheless inferior to the cumulated surgical risk of the sequential procedures (74 patients with coexistant coronary and carotid lesions operated in two sessions before 1986).

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) at stage 3. A fourteen years retrospective study of 449 patients. Indications of surgery in a multidisciplinary management.

Through a fourteen years retrospective study of all the patients treated at the State University of Liège, we have focused on the survival of 449 patients with, at least, a clinical stage 3 NSCLC disease (NORMS UICC). The whole study was divided in two periods (1972-1978, period 1, and 1979-1985, period 2) because, everything remaining nearly equal as far as the clinical material was concerned, period 2 was characterized by a different therapeutic attitude. Since 1979, the NSCLC stage 3's surgical indications have been widely extended. We have performed surgical resections in patients with NSCLC N2 disease because of positive homolateral mediastinal lymph nodes or with T3 disease. This led the NSCLC stage 3 resection rate to move from 26% in period 1 to 47% in period 2. We report here the effects of such a management on the short and long term survival and the stage 3 NSCLC global prognosis. We noted a modest significant increase in the NSCLC stage 3 global prognosis with a five year survival of 4% and 6% (period 1 and 2 respectively; P = 0.03). The 172 resected patients' outcome did not change (five year survival 11% (P1) and 12% (P2]. Although patients were not randomized, our results suggest that adjuvant therapy should not be added whenever the patient underwent a complete resection. On the other hand, it seems very useful indeed whenever the resection was partial. NSCLC patient at stage 3 who underwent a complete resection achieved a 37% five years survival.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carcinoid tumors of the bronchi. Our experience of these during the last 10 years, with a review of the literature].

We present our experience with 18 bronchial carcinoids, two of those being of atypical histology. Mean age is 44 years, without sex preponderance. Clinical symptoms are poorly specific, with persistent cough and recurrent pneumonia as most frequent features. Carcinoid syndrome was seen in one patient. In 4 patients, the carcinoid tumor was an incidental finding on routine chest X-Ray film. Lack of pathognomonic clinical signs explains the considerable delay in diagnosis, with a mean of 10 months of clinical evAluation. Radiographic patterns are atelectatic lobe consolidation, a solitary coin lesion or a transparent lung field. All patients were submitted to bronchoscopic evaluation and only two endoscopic explorations remained negative, because of their peripheral localizations. In all other cases, there was a typical appearance of "cherry red adenoma". Mediastinal extension was present in 2 cases, while extrathoracic metastases were never found. Whenever possible, surgical resection was performed (16 cases). Two patients got endoscopic extirpation of their tumor. There is one postoperative hospital death. This study was done to gain a better understanding of clinical, diagnostic and pathologic features of bronchial carcinoid tumors, and their implications in terms of therapy and prognosis. The authors discuss clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of bronchial carcinoids as well as their microscopic appearance and relationship with oat cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reoperation for aortocoronary bypass].

Iterative aorto-coronary bypass. From 1978 to 1988, 106 previously revascularized coronary patients were reoperated. This represents 3.01% of all aorta-coronary bypass procedures performed in the same period. Characteristics of this group, risk factors, coronary anatomical data, perioperative morbidity and mortality are analyzed and compared to the data of primary revascularization. The progression of atherosclerotic disease, with an annual 2% attrition rate of bypass grafts after the first year, is evidenced by this study. The success rate of coronary reoperations approaches the results of primary bypass surgery. The causes of recurrent angina and graft failure are discussed. The mean age of individuals requiring reoperation is 58.5 years. The mean interval between the two operations reaches 66 months (5 to 168 months). Angiographic lesions are more extensive, with a three vessel disease in 75% of the reoperated patients and an ejection fraction lowered at 55%. A mean of 2.7 bypass grafts per patient is realized, with in 60% of cases an internal mammary artery graft. Perioperative infarction occurs in 10.5% of the reoperations and in 4.5%, an intraaortic counterpulsation balloon is necessary at the end of the procedure. Symptomatic improvement is obtained in 85% of cases. Operative mortality is 5.7%. These findings suggest that coronary reoperation can be accomplished with low morbidity, low mortality and a therapeutic benefit in the majority of cases. In recent years, cardiac transplantation has been considered for some patients with impaired ventricular function. This procedure is only limited by the insufficient number of donors.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗