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Biomedical subjects

G Deniz

Publications and source records attributed to G Deniz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Peritransplant and long-term secretion of interleukin-1beta in cyclosporine treated syngeneic rats allografted with islets of langerhans.

Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is one of the proinflammatory cytokines that may mediate primary nonfunction of islets of Langerhans, limiting the success of allogeneic transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess differences between the secretion of IL-1beta as well as glycemia in peri- and long-term periods of intraportal islet allo-transplantation with or without cyclosporine (CyA) immunosuppression. Inbred Wistar albino rats were transplanted intraportally with rat islets isolated by collagenase digestion. The two recipient groups (6 rats/group) were: group 1, control, islet transplantation (ITX) without any treatment and group 2, CyA-treated via the femoral muscle on days -1, 0, +1, and +2. Serum IL-1beta (pg/mL) levels were measured by ELISA on days 0 (pre-ITX), +1, +2, and +195. Tail vein blood was used to evaluate glycemia (mg/dL). No major differences were observed in IL-1beta secretion on days 0, +1, or +195 between the groups. Immunosuppressive treatment produced significantly lower secretion in group 2 (P < .002) on day +2. Significantly greater secretions were detected at days +195, +1, and +195 compared to days 0, +2, and +2, respectively (P < .002; P < .008; P < .002). Positive correlations were observed between IL-1beta levels on days +1 and +2 (r = 0.845, P < .034). The mean values in groups 1 and 2 on days 0, +1, and +2 were 140.6 +/- 4.62 vs 119.1 +/- 12.12, 73.1 +/- 19.59 vs 88.3 +/- 14.08, 106.5 +/- 13.79 vs 92.5 +/- 15.8, respectively. No animal in group 1 displayed glycemia while three group 2 animals did at day +195. However, a negative correlation was found between IL-1beta on day 0 and glycemia on day +195 (r = -0.999, P < .026). Our results suggest that IL-1beta secretion, which is detrimental for islet engraftment, decreases at peritransplant day +2, but is upregulated during long-term graft survival both in controls and in CyA-treated recipients.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Different natural killer (NK) receptor expression and immunoglobulin E (IgE) regulation by NK1 and NK2 cells.

Many studies concerning the role of T cells and cytokines in allergy have been performed, but little is known about the role of natural killer (NK) cells. Accordingly, the expression of co-stimulatory, inhibitory and apoptosis receptors, cytokine profiles and their effect on immunoglobulin isotypes were investigated in polyallergic atopic dermatitis (AD) patients with hyper immunoglobulin E (IgE) and healthy individuals. AD patients showed significantly decreased peripheral blood NK cells compared to healthy individuals. Freshly isolated NK cells of polyallergic patients spontaneously released higher amounts of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13 and interferon (IFN)-gamma compared to healthy individuals. NK cells were differentiated to NK1 cells by IL-12 and neutralizing anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibodies (mAb), and to NK2 cells by IL-4 and neutralizing anti-IL-12 mAb. Following IL-12 stimulation, NK cells produced increased levels of IFN-gamma and decreased IL-4. In contrast, stimulation of NK cells with IL-4 inhibited IFN-gamma, but increased IL-13, production. The effect of NK cell subsets on IgE regulation was examined in co-cultures of in vitro differentiated NK cells with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or B cells. NK1 cells significantly inhibited IL-4- and soluble CD40-ligand-stimulated IgE production; however, NK2 cells did not have any effect. The inhibitory effect of NK1 cells on IgE production was blocked by neutralization of IFN-gamma. Except for CD40, NK cell subsets showed different expression of killer-inhibitory receptors and co-stimulatory molecules between the polyallergic and healthy subjects. These results indicate that human NK cells show differences in numbers, surface receptor and cytokine phenotypes and functional properties in AD.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The effects of chronic aerobic and anaerobic exercises n lymphocyte subgroups.

Exercise is the strongest stress to which the body is ever exposed. The body responds to this stress through a set of physiological changes in its metabolic, hormonal and immunological systems. In this study, responses of the immune system to the long-term aerobic and anaerobic exercises have been investigated. Twenty-four sedentary male university students and officers participated in this study. Subjects were divided into two groups, each consisting of twelve people. Group-1 (age: 25.67 +/- 3.79 years, height: 174.83 +/- 5.15 cm, body mass: 72.17 +/- 8.05 kg) and Group-2 (age: 24.83 +/- 2.89 years, height: 175.3 +/- 6.68 cm, body mass: 70.67 +/- 6.15 kg). After physical examinations of the two groups, resting ECG, respiratory function tests and metabolic tests with the use of the breath by breath method were completed, and anerobic heart rates at the threshold level were determined. The first group was subjected to exercise using Monark ergometry cycles at a heart rate 10% below the threshold level for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, 30 min a day. The second group exercised at a heart rate 10% above the threshold level for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, 20 min a day. Heart rates were checked with the Polar Test during exercises. Pre-exercise (Ep) venous blood samples were taken from each group before their 1st and 24th exercises. Hb (gr), Hct (%), erythrocyte (x10(6)/microl), leukocyte (x10(6)/microl), leukocyte subpopulations (neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil %) and thrombocyte (x10(6)/microl) values were determined. CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19 and CD56 values were determined by Flow Cytometry method using monoclonal antibodies. The chronic effects of exercise were examined through a comparison of Ep blood samples at the 1st exercise with Ep blood samples at the 24th exercise. While the increase in the total leukocyte number was significant (p<0.05) in the first group, increase in the second group was found to be non-significant. When percentiles of leukocyte subpopulations were taken into consideration, changes in the first and second group were found to be non-significant. When lymphocyte subgroups were examined; in the first group a decrease in CD3 and CD4 percentiles to 7% and 12%, respectively (p<0.05) and a 65% increase (p<0.01) in the CD56 value were observed. In the second group a decrease in CD3 and CD4 percentiles to 13% and 17%, respectively (p<0.05) and a 73% increase (p<0.01) in the CD56 value were observed. The Sample-t Test and The Wilcoxon Test were used for statistical analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Effect of human somatotropin hormone on cultured rat islets.

Because growth hormone (GH) improves the insulin secretion capacity of isolated human fetal islets in vitro, we sought to show that it positively influences isolated rat islets. Islets isolated from Wistar albino rats by a modified automated system were cultured in media containing 87% RPMI 1640, 10% FCS, 2% antibiotic-antimycotic, and 1% L-glutamine for 12 +/- 2 days. The cultured islets were divided into two groups: growth hormone negative (Group I) and growth hormone positive (Group II). On the 5th day we observed a decrease in the islet cell counts in both groups (Group I 28% versus Group II 45%). On the 10th day, the decrease continued in the GH-negative group (59%), while the count remained stable in the GH-positive group. The viability of rat islets was determined by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) plus propidium iodide (PI) staining. In comparison to the peripheral green, central orange-red staining pattern of Group I islets upon fluorescent microscopy, Group II showed more compact islets. Cultured islets seemed to be brighter than those without GH in the cultured islets. In conclusion, we observed that 2 weeks of incubation in the presence of GH acts positively on cultured rat islets for both their amount and their viability.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

A modified automated method for isolation of viable pancreatic islets in laboratory animals.

To achieve successful islet transplantation, a high viability is required. For this reason an automated method including two chambers: one for islets isolation and one for recirculation and collection was developed. Recently, we produced a modified version of this work by building a similar system of glass where marbles were not used for disaggregation, and the pancreatic tissue had to be disrupted mechanically before the digestion phase. By using the reconfigured system, we obtained 260 +/- 20 islets from each Wistar albino rat (weighing 220 to 240 g) pancreas. Islets were observed at 35 minutes after the start of perfusion (closed circuit) and the optimum time to stop the isolation determined to be 40 minutes based upon islets viability. Although the present system is configured for islet isolation from small laboratory animals (rat, mouse), we have also obtained thousands of islets at 25 minutes after treatment of a 0.5-g piece of pig pancreas. Compared to the time-consuming manual method usually used for islet isolation from small laboratory animals, the new technique is economic, easy to use, and does not reduce islets viability.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-induced interleukin-12 did not additionally improve clinical and immunologic parameters in asthmatic children treated with sublingual immunotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as an adjuvant to specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) on the cytokine profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and clinical outcome. METHODS: Thirty-two children with asthma and rhinitis allergic to house dust mite (HDM) with negative purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test response were enrolled. After a run-in period of 8 weeks, patients were randomized to receive either SLIT only (n=16) or one dose of BCG immunization before initiation of SLIT (n=16) with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus)+D. farinea 50/50 extract. PPD-negative asthmatics (n=5) allergic to HDM receiving inhaled therapy only were included for comparison of cytokine levels in PBMC cultures. Efficacy was assessed both at the end of run-in and 6 months of treatment periods with criteria including symptom, medication and quality-of-life (QoL) scores, IgE levels, lung function, provocation concentration (PC20), eosinophil count and skin prick tests. IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and IFN-gamma levels were determined in antigen specifically and polyclonally stimulated PBMC cultures. RESULTS: Both treatment groups showed significant improvement at the end of 6 months for asthma and rhinitis scores and QoL, number of asthma attacks, amount of beta2-agonists, inhaled and intranasal steroids, blood eosinophil counts and PC20. Interestingly, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated IL-12 and D. pteronyssinus-stimulated IFN-gamma in PBMC were significantly higher in the treatment groups than controls. In addition, IL-12 levels in response to D. pteronyssinus and PHA stimulation were significantly higher in the SLIT+BCG group than the SLIT alone group and controls. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that successful SLIT is parallel to increased IFN-gamma production by PBMC. Although simultaneous BCG vaccination enhanced IL-12 production, it did not additionally improve the clinical outcome.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2001

Natural killer cell activity in multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDRTB), a major problem in developing countries, may result from either insufficiency of host cellular immune response or mycobacterial mechanisms which has been more intensively investigated so far. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate natural killer cell activity (NKA) and T lymphocyte subsets in HIV- patients with secondary MDRTB. METHODS: 20 male patients with MDRTB (mean age 38 +/- 8 years), 15 nonresistant tuberculosis male patients (NRTB) (mean age 36 +/- 11 years) and 12 healthy male controls (mean age 35 +/- 8 years) were included. The percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD25+, CD11b+ and CD16+56+ cells were measured by flow-cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). NKA was evaluated using the anticandidal index method. RESULTS: The mean tuberculin response was higher in MDRTB and NRTB patients compared to controls (15.4 +/- 3.8, 15.1 +/- 3.3 and 10.9 +/- 2.8 mm, respectively; p < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between PPD response and PBL subsets or NKA. The percentages of both CD3+ and CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes were significantly lower in MDRTB (62.4 +/- 12.1 and 33.9 +/- 9.0%) compared to NRTB (70.8 +/- 7.5 and 42.9 +/- 8.6%; p < 0.05). Patients with MDRTB had significantly lower NKA compared to NRTB and controls (30.9 +/- 11.3, 49.7 +/- 15.5 and 40.0 +/- 8.5%, respectively; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This reduction in NKA may suggest a role for impaired NK function in the pathogenesis of MDRTB in HIV- patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Response in DNA ploidy of hepatocytes to tamoxifen and/or melatonin in vivo.

Tamoxifen is known to induce hepatocarcinogenesis in experimental animals and reversible chronic liver diseases in humans. Melatonin has been recently introduced as an oncostatic agent, especially for hormone-dependent tumors. This study was designed in order to investigate whether melatonin has an effect onthe tamoxifen-induced hepatotoxicity. Wistar albino rats were injected tamoxifen citrate intraperitoneally in three different doses (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg bw for 26 days; and 45 mg/kg bw for three days). Another group of animals were treated with melatonin once a week in addition to daily tamoxifen injections, whereas the third group received melatonin only. The control animals were injected an equal volume of diluent at corresponding intervals. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were sacrificed and the livers were prepared for the flow cytometric DNA analysis. DNA histograms were analyzed using the multicycle program. In experimental groups, all animals had aneuploid cell population. The difference in the diploid/ aneuploid ratio of each experimental group as compared to the control group according to Fischer's exact test was found to be highly significant (p < 0.002 MEL vs control; and p < 0.0001 for both TAM vs control and MEL+TAM vs control). Among the tamoxifen-injected animals, the proportion of multiploidy to aneuploid cell population was 17, similar to those treated solely with melatonin. Although the melatonin plus tamoxifen group had higher multiploidy percentage (38%), the difference was not statistically significant as compared to the tamoxifen (or melatonin) groups. No significant difference was noted between the animals which were treated with three different doses of tamoxifen. S-phase fraction percentage was significantly different in melatonin- and melatonin plus tamoxifen-injected animals with regard to controls, the degree of significancy being < 0.05 for both. According to our data, tamoxifen injections induced DNA aneuploidy, but did not stimulate proliferation in the liver as estimated by S-phase fraction. Melatonin, whether alone or in combination with tamoxifen, stimulated cell proliferation and produced aneuploidy.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed2000

Sustained release of mitomycin-C from poly(DL-lactide) /poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) films.

Mitomycin-C (MMC)-loaded poly(DL-lactide) (PLA)/poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) films which have different drug loading capacities and thicknesses were prepared by a solvent-evaporation technique. Degradation and release studies were conducted at 37 degrees C in pH 7.4 phosphate buffered saline. The results showed that both the rate and the percentage of released MMC increased as the glycolide content in the copolymer increased from 10 to 30% (w/w) and the drug load increased from 0.5 to 2 mg MMC per 300 mg of polymer. In contrast, they decreased depending upon increasing film thickness from 80 to 300 microm and polymer molecular weight. It was found that the drug release mechanism is diffusion-controlled according to a non-Fickian diffusion mechanism.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1999

Beneficial effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone on neuropathy in diabetic rats.

Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) is therapeutically effective in experimental and clinical spinal injury. The effects of TRH on diabetic neuropathy are not known. The aim of the present study was to investigate the electrophysiological effects of TRH in the streptozotocin diabetic rats. Three groups of rats were studied, non-diabetic control (n = 10), diabetic controls (n = 8), and TRH treated diabetic rats (n = 9). Administration of TRH or saline and electrophysiological measurements were performed 4 weeks after induction of diabetes. TRH was given intraperitoneally in a dose of 600 microg (3 ml). Nerve conduction velocity (NCV), measured in caudal nerve, and N1 latency of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were measured 75 min after injection of TRH or serum saline. SEP latencies were 28.1 +/- 0.6, 29.4 +/- 0.8, 27.8 +/- 1.1 ms, in normal, diabetic and diabetic TRH-treated groups, and NCV values were 28.1 +/- 0.8, 23.8 +/- 0.4, and 27.9 +/- 0.7 m/s respectively. NCV was significantly reduced in the diabetic group compared to normals (P < 0.05). but then improved by TRH treatment (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that TRH has an acute effect on peripheral neuropathy in experimental streptozotocin diabetes in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The effects of flumazenil on two way active avoidance and locomotor activity in diazepam-treated rats.

The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of chronic flumazenil treatment alone and simultaneously with diazepam on acquisition performance in an active-avoidance task and on locomotor activity in rats. Flumazenil (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and diazepam (0,5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to rats before each daily training session for 5 days. The baseline of avoidance performance was set to approximately 50% and responses were expressed as acquisition rate. Locomotor activity of the rats was simultaneously recorded but only following the first training session. Diazepam decreased acquisition rate between the dose range used. Flumazenil had no effect on the acquisition rate of naive rats but reversed low dose diazepam-induced learning and memory impairment. Diazepam induced locomotor depression within the same dose range that decreased acquisition rate. Flumazenil had no effect on locomotor activity, but reversed the locomotor depressant effect of diazepam. The striking contradiction with previous data that flumazenil has no effect on learning-memory processing is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Analgesic effects of amlodipine and its interaction with morphine and ketorolac-induced analgesia.

1. The antinociceptive effects of amlodipine, administered subcutaneously (s.c.), intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) and intrathecally (i.t.) were examined with the acetic acid writhing and tail-flick tests in mice. Amlodipine was also tested in combination with morphine and ketorolac. Isobolographic analyses were used to define the nature of functional interactions between amlodipine and morphine or ketorolac. 2. The s.c. (0.1, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg), i.c.v. (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 micrograms/mice) and i.t. (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 micrograms/mice) administration of amlodipine exhibited a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in the writhing test but had no effect on the tail-flick latency. Isobolographic analyses revealed an additive interaction between amlodipine and morphine or ketorolac in the writhing test. 3. These results suggest that amlodipine induces antinociception and increases antinociceptive action of morphine and ketorolac, possibly through a decrease in cellular calcium availability.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1996

Effects of dexfenfluramine on glucose drinking and glucose-conditioned flavour preferences in rats: taste versus post-ingestive conditioning.

A comparison was made of the effects of dexfenfluramine (DF, 3-10 mg kg-1) on intake of and conditioning with glucose solutions varying in orostimulant properties (taste) and post-ingestive actions (calories), in rats. First, sham-feeding, using gastric-fistulated rats, was performed to assess the orostimulant properties of the solutions. Then, two experiments were done. In the first experiment, we examined the effects of DF, given at doses of 13 and 10 mg kg-1, on the intake of two glucose solutions having different orostimulant properties and different caloric values. The solutions were a mix of 1% glucose plus 0.125% saccharin (low caloric, more orostimulant), and 4% glucose (high caloric, less orostimulant). At doses of 10 mg kg-1, DF administration markedly reduced intake of both solutions (P < 0.05 vs Control Group, respectively). In second experiment, we examined the effects of DF (10 mg kg-1) on flavour preference conditioning in two parts. In the first part of the experiment, rats consumed two distinctively flavoured solutions having equal orostimulant properties but different caloric value for a conditioning period of 16 days. The solutions were a mix of 1% glucose plus 0.125% saccharin (low caloric), and 6.1% glucose (high caloric). At the end of the conditioning period, the flavour paired with ingestion of more calories was subsequently preferred (P < 0.05 vs low caloric glucose-saccharin mix). DF, when given during and after the conditioning period, attenuated this flavour-calorie conditioning (P < 0.05 vs Control Group). In the second part of the experiment, rats were conditioned with flavours associated with a mix of 20% glucose plus 0.4% citric acid and 20% glucose solutions. These solutions were equally caloric but differed in orostimulant properties. The flavour paired with better orostimulant properties was subsequently preferred (P < 0.05 vs less orostimulant glucose-citric acid mix). DF, when given during and after the conditioning period, also attenuated this flavour-flavour conditioning (P < 0.05 vs Control Group). These results suggest that DF may impair flavour preference learning.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of the effects of aminoguanidine and L-carnitine treatments on somatosensorial evoked potentials in alloxan-diabetic rats.

The effects of aminoguanidine (AG) and L-carnitine (LC) on somatosensorial evoked potential (SEP) latency and neural levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), products of lipid peroxidation, were compared in alloxan-diabetic rats. AG and LC were given to diabetic rats starting from the 3rd week after the induction of diabetes and lasting for 4 weeks. SEP latency was measured by stimulating via caudal nerve and recording via cortex, once weekly during the treatments. Diabetes caused deficits in SEP (P < 0.05 vs non-diabetic control rats, respectively). AG and LC restored SEP latencies slightly but not significantly, with the exception of the prominent effect of AG at the first week and both treatments at the 4th week of the treatments (P < 0.05 vs untreated diabetic rats, respectively). Diabetes caused elevation in neural TBARS levels (P < 0.05 vs non-diabetic group), which was prevented by both AG and LC (P < 0.05 vs untreated diabetic rats, respectively). Weight and the glucose levels were not influenced by the treatments. Our results suggest that AG improves SEP latencies better than LC. Our results also suggest that the beneficial effects of both AG and LC on diabetic neuropathy are not associated with the regulation of glycemia, but these effects may be related in part with prevention of lipid peroxidation.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1996

Interleukin-6, interferon-gamma, interleukin-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor levels in human amniotic fluid at term.

Cytokines contribute to the maintenance of successful pregnancy and have also been implicated in the initiation of labour. This study has examined those cytokines which may be involved in normal term parturition. IL-6, IFN-gamma, IL-8 and GM-CSF levels were measured by ELISA in samples of amniotic fluid, peripheral and uterine venous blood plasma, and umbilical artery blood plasma from non-labouring women undergoing elective caesarean section at term and from women in spontaneous labour. IFN-gamma and IL-6 were detected only in amniotic fluid and not in blood plasma samples, unlike IL-8 which was found in all amniotic fluid and plasma samples from both labouring and non-labouring women; GM-CSF was undetectable in all samples examined. Levels of IL-6 were significantly raised in the amniotic fluid of women in labour compared with the control group (P = 0.008). IFN-gamma was detected in the amniotic fluid of both labouring women and the control group, and there was also a significant correlation (P = 0.003) between IFN-gamma and IL-6 levels in individual amniotic fluid samples. The presence of both IFN-gamma and IL-8 in amniotic fluid, as well as IL-6, suggests these cytokines are involved in important immunobiological events relevant to the latter half of gestation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Expression of functional molecules by human CD3- decidual granular leucocyte clones.

Cell surface and cytoplasmic antigen expression by 35 CD3- decidual granular leucocyte (DGL) clones, derived from human endometrial tissue in the first trimester of pregnancy, has been compared with both that of fresh CD3- decidual leucocytes and that of CD3- peripheral blood natural killer (PBNK) cell clones (n = 12). The majority of DGL clones retained the antigenic phenotype of fresh cells, although CD103 (HML-1) was expressed on 50% of DGL clones but only 17% of fresh DGL. Both cytoplasmic CD3 zeta and CD3 epsilon chains were detected in > 90% of DGL clones in the absence of cell surface CD3. Cytoplasmic CD3 zeta was present in almost all fresh CD3- DGL, whereas CD3 epsilon was not. Most DGL clones did not express surface Fc gamma receptors I-III (CD64, -32 and -16, respectively) and complement receptors (CR) types 1 and 2 (CD35 and 21, respectively), but 43% expressed CR3 (CD11b/18); in contrast, all PBNK clones were CR3+. The NK cell-associated molecules Kp43 (CD94) and the p58 molecule recognized by the HP3E4 monoclonal antibody were both present on a higher proportion of CD3- PBNK (91% and 50%, respectively) than DGL clones (31% and 14%, respectively), despite expression of CD94 by > 90% of fresh CD56+ decidual leucocytes. Five of 35 CD3- DGL clones expressed cytoplasmic CD3 zeta in the absence of expression of CD2, CD16 or the p58 molecule recognized by HP3E4. These variations between CD3- DGL and PBNK cell clones in expression of functional molecules may be related to previously reported differences in major histocompatibility complex-non-restricted cytotoxic activities between these two cell types.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1996

Soluble mediators and cytokines produced by human CD3- leucocyte clones from decidualized endometrium.

CD3- granulated leucocyte clones have been generated from human first-trimester decidualized endometrial tissue following culture in interleukin-2 (IL-2). Supernatants from both CD3- decidual granulated leucocyte (dGL) and CD3- peripheral blood natural killer (PBNK) cell clones inhibited the proliferation of choriocarcinoma cell lines. A panel of CD3- dGL clones, with or without phytohaemagglutinin stimulation, was assayed for cytokine secretion compared with CD3- PBNK clones and fresh tissue extracts. Levels of interferon-gamma, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-10 produced by stimulated CD3-CD8- dGL clones were greater than those produced by stimulated CD3-CD8+ dGL clones. In contrast, CD8+ dGL clones were more effective in production of IL-6 than CD8- dGL clones. Immunoreactive transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-beta 2) was undetectable in supernatants from CD3- dGL and PBNK clones. CD3- dGL clones generally produced higher levels of all cytokines than PBNK clones. Some unstimulated CD3- dGL and PBNK clones spontaneously produced these cytokines, but usually at a reduced level. Fresh extracts of first-trimester decidual tissue contained detectable GM-CSF, TNF-alpha, IL-10,IL-6 and TGF-beta 2. Cytokine production by fresh CD3- dGL and CD3- dGL clones indicates that these cells could play an important role in the regulation of placental growth.

CD3 Complex↗