Although the human orthotopic transplantation technique is settled, the animal transplantation is still useful as it can be a helpful training for the human transplant and allows to test the hepatic parenchyma means of preservation value, as well as the immuno-depressing treatments qualities. Up to now, the orthotopic hepatic canine transplantation was complicated by the necessity of decompressing the splanchnic and cava regions of the recipient dog during the hepatectomy and the graft. During this experimentation, the 20 dogs orthotopic hepatic transplantations were done by decompressing only the splanchnic veinous system with a porto-jugular by-pass and by letting the inferior vena cava clamped during the hepatectomy and the transplant settlement. All the dogs survived this operation. The haemodynamic studies showed that the porto-jugular bypass was efficient to decompress the veinous splanchnic system and principally that the systemic arterial pressure gave a slight drop when the bypass was opened, the infra hepatic vena cava being clamped. It is therefore proved that the dog orthotopic hepatic transplantation may be done only be decompressing the veinous splanchnic system which is a technical simplification, avoiding particularly the temporary porto-cava anastomosis or the settlement of a second femoro-jugular shunt.

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[Surgeons and immediate examinations of lymph nodes. Practical modalities, diagnostic value and therapeutic consequences].

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In vivo sustained release of cisplatin from bioresorbable implants in mice.

Two kinds of cisplatin-containing implants were prepared from polylactic acid (type I) and from lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (type II). Type I implants were almost unaffected when inserted in the renal parenchyma of mice. In contrast, type II implants evolved clearly after in vivo implantation. X-ray pictures and platinum concentration measurements showed a continuous release of platinum over at least three weeks. The release resulted in high platinum concentrations in the kidney tissues and low plasma concentrations, compared to systemic injection. Type II implants seem adequate for further clinical trials of local treatment by cisplatin.

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Uptake enhancement of platinum in the dog kidney by microencapsulation of cisplatin and local injection.

Microcapsules containing cisplatin were administered into the renal artery of mongrel dogs. Significant increase of the platinum tissue concentration in the kidney was observed 17 days after administration compared to injection of cisplatin only. The highest drug tissue levels were obtained when the renal artery was ligated after microcapsule injection. In addition the decrease in plasma levels indicated that microencapsulation causes, at least, a 100-fold enhancement of the ratio: exposure of infused tissue to the drug over total body exposure. On the contrary, no major change in drug urine excretion could be related to microencapsulation.

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