Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G E Haas.
Catallagia duffneri Lewis and Haas is described from the Pinaleno Mountains of southeastern Arizona. The 15 known North American members of the genus are illustrated, a key to them is included and the individual species are discussed with respect to their taxonomic characters, host preferences and geographic distribution.
A 3rd species of the flea genus Polygenis Jordan was added to the U.S. fauna by extension of known range from Mexico into New Mexico. Eleven males and 24 females of P. martinezbaezi Vargas were reared from a rodent nest, probably that of a yellow-nosed cotton rat, Sigmodon ochrognathus Bailey.
Iliofemoral vein obstruction that causes venous hypertension in an extremity may produce symptoms that severely limit a patient's activities. A saphenofemoral venous crossover graft may relieve those symptoms. The procedure also is indicated for the repair of the venous system following severe, limb-threatening vascular trauma. For chronic obstruction, the procedure should be delayed for six months to allow for the possible development of adequate collateral circulation.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm in greater than 60% of cases. CAD continues to affect postoperative complication rates. Half of the deaths that follow resection of abdominal aortic aneurysms are due to perioperative myocardial infarctions. On evaluation for surgical resection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, six patients were found to have significant CAD. Each underwent coronary artery bypass surgery prior to elective resection of the aneurysm. No deaths or myocardial infarctions occurred following any of the procedures. We restrict our indications for coronary angiography to the evaluation of patients with unstable angina (pain at rest or after minimal exertion) in whom noninvasive studies reveal evidence of CAD, and for patients who are unresponsive to medical management.
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Coronary artery fistulas can occur in patients who survive cardiac trauma. We report one such case with development of a right coronary artery-right atrial fistula 2 years after injury. The literature shows that surgical correction should be performed before the development of incapacitating symptoms (angina, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure). Proximal and distal ligation of the affected coronary artery with distal bypass grafting is the recommended surgical procedure. Other procedures have led to recurrence of the fistula.
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Plague (infection by Yersinia pestis) was present in Hawaii for the period 1899-1957 and caused at least 370 fatalities. The first infections came from immigrant commensal rats, probably Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, on ships from the Orient. Both species were already established in Hawaii and became the widespread local carriers of plague, supplemented by Rattus exulans which had colonized the islands in ancient Polynesian times. The flea Xenopsylla vexabilis arrived with R. exulans, and its near relative Xenopsylla cheopis accompanied the ship rats. Following each introduction to port cities, plague subsided after a few years but remained active in rural areas of two islands for nearly 50 years. In Hamakua District on Hawaii, the demise of plague was characterized by its repeated terminal migrations from persistent foci, a rapid decline in expected numbers of infected rats and fleas, and negative serologic evidence from rodent reservoirs and mongooses in massive surveys. The simple biotic system--bacterium, three rodents, and two fleas--appeared unable to maintain the disease over time. Improved sanitation, mechanized agriculture, gradients in rainfall and temperature, and the collapse of reservoir and vector populations during drought are cited as probable factors in the extinction of plague.
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