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Biomedical subjects

G E Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to G E Nelson.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of routine weekly cervical examinations at term on premature rupture of the membranes: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether routine antepartum cervical examinations at term are associated with premature rupture of membranes (PROM). METHODS: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted at a health maintenance organization in metropolitan Denver. The subjects were 604 term gravidas randomized to a no examination or examination group. Exclusions included preterm labor, third-trimester bleeding, cerclage, multiple pregnancy, history of PROM (rupture before the onset of labor), and planned induction or cesarean. In the no examination group, routine examinations (without clinical indication) were not performed. In the examination group, weekly examinations were performed from 37 weeks until delivery. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference in PROM or prolonged PROM (more than 6 hours) was observed between those unexposed and those exposed to routine cervical examinations at term. In addition, there were no differences between the groups in other relevant outcomes including cesarean delivery, induction, augmentation, chorioaminionitis, or neonatal infectious morbidity. CONCLUSION: In our population, there is no association between routine weekly antepartum cervical examinations at term and PROM or other study end points.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1986

Effect of oligomeric derivatives of prostaglandin B1 on oxidative phosphorylation and their Ca2+ ionophoretic activity.

Dimers, trimers and tetramers of 15-dehydro-PGB1 and of 16,16'-dimethyl-15-dehydro-PGB1 have been synthesized and their effect on mitochondrial function evaluated. The trimers and tetramers, and to a lesser extent the dimers, of both series, protected isolated mitochondria from the loss of phosphorylating capacity during in vitro incubation. The monomers were inactive. The trimers and tetramers inhibited between 40 and 50% the F1F0-ATPase of submitochondrial particles. All of the oligomers, but not the monomers, had Ca2+ ionophoretic activity with isolated mitochondria. These activities are qualitatively similar to that reported for the oligomeric mixture of 15-dehydro-PGB1, termed PGBX.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Viridicatumtoxin mycotoxicosis in mice and rats.

LD50 studies of viridicatumtoxin were done in rats and mice using oral, intraperitoneal (i.p.), and subcutaneous (s.c.) routes. Mice were given oral doses of viridicatumtoxin up to 350 mg/kg body weight and rats were given doses of viridicatumtoxin up to 150 mg/kg. No deaths occurred in the animals dosed by the oral route. Hepatic alterations of hydropic change and necrosis of centrolobular hepatocytes were observed in mice given 250, 300, or 350 mg/kg viridicatum toxin and were more severe in the mice given the higher doses. No histopathologic alterations were present in the rats dosed orally. Mice were given doses of viridicatumtoxin up to 300 mg/kg, s.c., and rats up to 400 mg/kg. No deaths occurred in the animals dosed by this route. Microscopic alterations in both mice and rats were limited to the injection sites and consisted of coagulation necrosis. The single-dose, 72-h i.p. LD50 for the mouse and the rat was 70 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg respectively. Histopathologic alterations in mice given viridicatumtoxin i.p. included fibrinous peritonitis, large subcapsular areas of hepatic necrosis, single-cell hepatocytic necrosis, splenic lymphoid depletion, and vacuolar degeneration of the myocardium. Rats had splenic lymphoid depletion and fibrinous peritonitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Bacterial interference. IV. Epidemiological determinants of the antagonistic activity of the normal throat flora against group A streptococci.

A study was performed to identify epidemiological factors such as age, race, sex, and time of culture that might influence the ability of the normal pharyngeal flora to interfere with growth of group A streptococci. From March 1974 through February 1975, throat swabs were obtained from 952 individuals. Cultures were assayed by an agar overlay procedure for the presence of bacteria capable of inhibiting growth of group A streptococci. The observed inhibition was then determined to be bacteriostatic or bactericidal by use of a broth filtrate technique. Regardless of age, race, or sex, subjects were more likely to harbor interfering flora if cultured during the months of March and April, which coincided with the highest prevalence of group A streptococci in the community. Race and sex of subjects appeared not to influence the inhibitory activity of throat flora either quantitatively or qualitatively. However, among individuals with interfering flora, the prevalence of bactericidal organisms increased and bacteriostatic organisms decreased with advancing age. Since the presence of bactericidal, and not bacteriostatic, organisms has been associated with resistance to colonization of the throat by group A streptococci, this higher prevalence of bactericidal organisms in older individuals suggests that bacterial interference may be one of the mechanisms that account for the greater resistance of adults than children to streptococcal throat infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Integration of pharmacy into the computerized problem-oriented medical information system (PROMIS)--a demonstration project.

The integration of pharmacy into the computerized problem-oriented medical information system (PROMIS) at the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont is discussed. Practioners who generate and retrieve information communicate directly with the computer without intermediary personnel. Touch-screen cathode-ray tube terminals are used for data input. Under PROMIS, the pharmacist has two new resources which better integrate his services into total patient care: (1) the ability to directly access online patient data in the pharmacy, and (2) the ability to directly couple online current drug information to a specific patient's computerized medical record in the pharmacy. The PROMIS solutions to pharmacy problems in drug ordering, drug distribution and drug therapy audit are discussed; In a demonstration project on a 20-bed unit, PROMIS made the medical record readily available to all health care providers, reduced reliance on memory, preserved the logic of medical action, and provided feedback loops for corrective action in everyday medical practice. Also discussed are user acceptance of the system, effect on pharmacy staffing, and implications for pharmacy.

Computers↗
PubMed1976

A performance-based method of student evaluation.

A method of medical education has been developed which emphasizes audit of student performance in terms of behavioural traits (thoroughness, reliability, analytic sense, and efficiency) rather than in terms of memorized knowledge. This method is dependent upon the Problem-Oriented Medical Record. The tools developed for the audit and some preliminary results are presented.

Behavior↗
PubMed1975

Profiles for pH, temperature, and dissolved O2 levels in enzyme production: monitoring in small-scale fermentors.

The profiles thus established may be utilized for investigations of an organism's relationship to its microenvironment including metabolic shifts and pathways. Areas of maximum respiratory activity, enzyme production, enzyme degradation, and attainment of the stationary phase are quite evident; however, duration and magnitude of the various phenomena may change with nutrient, temperature, and aeration efficiency. Practical application of this simplified method would include: a) determination of environmental conditions existing during maximum growth or enzyme synthesis and application of these conditions to feedback control; b) estimation of requirements for pH, oxygen, and heat removal capacities needed for scale-up; c) specific points during the fermentation at which samples should be analyzed to yield maximum information on depletion of nutrients and its effects on microbial activity.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1971

Microbial transformation of flavonoids.

The ability of a number of fungal spores, and in particular of resting vegetative mycelia, to transform naringin and naringenin was studied. In general, only hydrolytic cleavage of the sugar moieties of naringin to produce prunin and naringenin was observed. Two cultures, Penicillium charlesii and Helminthosporium sativum, also produced two unidentified flavonoid compounds but in very low yields. No transformation of aglycone was detected, although the compound was metabolized by some cultures when supplied as the glycoside prunin. A fluorodensitometric method was developed for the quantitative analysis of flavonoid compounds.

Aluminum↗