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Biomedical subjects

G E Williams

Publications and source records attributed to G E Williams.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Pediatric feeding disorders.

Feeding problems occur in children who have normal development, who have failure to thrive, and who have developmental disabilities. This article focuses on the latter two groups. The characteristics and developmental concerns include family characteristics, parent-child interactions, cognitive development, and oral-motor development. The evaluation process for children with feeding problems should include an interdisciplinary approach with a medical, nutritional, occupational therapy, and behavioral evaluation. The behavioral treatments include the Premack principle, time-out plus reinforcement, and negative reinforcement. Future research should focus on the parent-child interaction process in both mealtime and nonmealtime situations, along with demonstrating parents' and teachers' ability to implement mealtime treatment protocols.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1989

The effect of chlamydial infection on the initiation of premature labour: serial measurements of intrauterine prostaglandin E2 in amniotic fluid, allantoic fluid and utero-ovarian vein, using catheterised sheep experimentally infected with an ovine abortion strain of Chlamydia psittaci.

The initiation of premature labour by an ovine abortion strain of Chlamydia psittaci was studied in relation to Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays a major role in parturition. The local intrauterine concentration of PGE2 was monitored after experimental infection with C. psittaci, during late gestation, using a catheterised sheep model. Indwelling catheters were implanted into the amniotic and allantoic cavities of six control sheep, and into six sheep infected with an ovine abortion of C. psittaci. The release of PGE2 into the utero-ovarian vein of these sheep was also monitored. Infection with C. psittaci was associated with a premature rise in PGE2 in the amniotic fluid between days 122 and 135 of gestation (P less than 0.01). A premature increase in PGE2 was defected between days 127 and 136 of gestation (P less than 0.05) in the allantoic fluid of sheep infected with C. psittaci, but not in the control uninfected sheep. Chlamydial infection significantly decreased the secretion of PGE2 into the utero-ovarian vein. The mean concentration of PGE2 in the utero-ovarian vein of infected sheep was 68.8 +/- 5.2% of the PGE2 concentration of control sheep between days 122 to 141 of gestation (P less than 0.01). The release of PGE2 into the utero-ovarian vein increased between days 126 to 136 of gestation in infected and control sheep (P less than 0.01). The results from the catheterised sheep model indicated that C. psittaci infection is associated with a local intrauterine release of PGE2. The magnitude of this release was similar to the PGE2 release in control sheep prior to parturition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Allantoin↗
PubMed1986

Training apartment upkeep skills to rehabilitation clients: a comparison of task analytic strategies.

The research was designed to validate procedures to teach apartment upkeep skills to severely handicapped clients with various categorical disabilities. Methodological features of this research included performance comparisons between general and specific task analyses, effect of an impasse correction baseline procedure, social validation of training goals, natural environment assessments and contingencies, as well as long-term follow-up. Subjects were taught to perform upkeep responses on their air conditioner-heating unit, electric range, refrigerator, and electrical appliances within the context of a multiple-probe across subjects experimental design. The results showed acquisition, long-term maintenance, and generalization of the upkeep skills to a nontraining apartment. General task analyses were recommended for assessment and specific task analyses for training. The impasse correction procedure generally did not produce acquisition.

Activities of Daily Living↗