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Biomedical subjects

G Eberhardt

Publications and source records attributed to G Eberhardt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[The videolaryngostroboscopy of larynx and the acoustic analysis in diagnosis of organic disorders of children voice in experience of Phoniatric Clinic IPCZD].

We present our experience in using videolaryngostroboscopy in diagnostics of organic disorders of voice and advantages of this method of examination for diagnostics of children voice. There are also presented some cases of children who suffered from different disorders of voice. We used videolaryngostroboscopy and acoustic analysis in their diagnostics and these methods help us to make a diagnosis, choose the best method of treatment and estimate the results of therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Videolaryngoscopic evaluation of the larynx and acoustic voice analysis of children with laryngeal injuries after prolonged intubation].

We present videolaryngoscopic findings of larynx of children with the injury after prolonged intubation. We pay attention on the mechanisms of the injury, risk factors and consequences. In our opinion videolaryngoscopy is a very valuable method of child larynx examination. We use computed acoustic analysis of voice to estimate results of phoniatric rehabilitation.

Child↗
PubMed1991

[Neurotensin liberation during the consumption of mineral water from Bad Mergentheimer Karlsquelle].

The contraction of the gallbladder mainly mediated by CCK after oral administration of pharmacological doses of magnesium sulfate is familiar. The same applies to the cholekinetic action of courses of sulfatic mineral water treatment. It was demonstrated in 12 patients in a controlled study that besides other known secretions of gastrointestinal hormones, there is also a significant rise of the plasma level of neurotensin when Bad Mergentheimer Karlsquelle mineral water containing sulfate (3.7 g SO4/l) is drunk on an empty stomach (300 ml, 26 degrees C). This was significantly greater (basal values 6.8 +/- 4.1 pg/ml and a maximum of 15.7 +/- 8.1 pg/ml after 40 min) than in a control group consisting of the same patients who had drunk tapwater. Whereas the involvement of the neuropeptide neurotensin in the regulation of the exocrine functions of the pancreas has been established, its effect in the regulation of gallbladder contraction is probably of rather minor significance compared to CCK.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of serum laminin P1, procollagen-III peptides, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase for monitoring the activity of liver fibrosis.

Chronic liver diseases are characterized by an increase in connective tissue components in liver tissue. The determination of Col 1-3 peptide of type III procollagen (P-III-P) in serum of patients seems to be a useful parameter of hepatic fibroplasia. Specific radioimmunoassays are available for Col 1-3 (P-III-P) and the Col 1 and Col 1-3 (P-III-P-Fab) peptides of type III procollagen and for laminin P1 fragment. These proteins and the activity of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) were measured in 94 patients with chronic liver diseases, and in 74 healthy controls. In addition, direct immunofluorescence studies were done for laminin P1 in normal and fibrotic liver tissues. In normal human liver, laminin was found in the basement membrane of bile ducts and in blood vessel walls. In fibrotic liver tissue, laminin additionally occurred in periportal areas and in sinusoids co-distributed with other connective tissue components. In serum concentrations of P-III-P, P-III-P-Fab and laminin were higher in patients than in healthy subjects. Laminin concentration was increased in early stages of chronic liver disease, possibly as a marker of regeneration; the highest concentrations were in active cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis. The determination of P-III-P and P-III-P-Fab provided information on synthesis and degradation of type III collagen: In inactive cirrhosis, Col 1 peptide was increased in relation to Col 1-3 peptide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment of duodenal and prepyloric ulcers with an antacid and cimetidine either alone or in combination].

In an open randomized study the effectiveness and the acceptance of treatment with a cytoprotective antacidum (226 mval acid-neutralisation-capacity per day's dose) have been examined in 60 patients with clinical and endoscopical secured prepyloric and duodenal ulcera compared with Cimetidine (2x 400 mg) and an initial combination in the first week of treatment. The healing rates depend clearly on the size of ulcus at the beginning of treatment. Ulcera smaller than 8 mm heal in 3 1/2 to 4 weeks up to 71% with the Antacidum, up to 56% to 83% with Cimetidine. For larger ulcera the healing rates are clearly poorer (antacida 20%, Cimetidine 33-67%). Initial combination treatment of the antacidum with Cimetidine for 1 week and the further treatment with the antacidum shows a healing rate of 100% for ulcera smaller than 8 mm, for larger ones a rate of 75%. Therefore the initial combination treatment seems to be useful especially for ulcera duodeni and prepyloric ulcera larger than 8 mm.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Calcium-channel-blocking agent in the treatment of acute alcohol withdrawal--caroverine versus meprobamate in a randomized double-blind study.

We present a randomized double-blind study on the efficacy of caroverine in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. The group B Ca2+ channel blocking agent caroverine was tested against meprobamate in inpatient treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Patients of both groups were similar in age, weight, duration of drinking, ingested quantities of alcohol and intensity of withdrawal symptoms in both groups. The symptoms were quantified daily by Syndromkurztest (SKT), Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE), NGI; the Webster scale was applied to rate tremor, speech and coping. Duration of study was scheduled for 5 days after which other medication, e.g., levopromazine was applied if needed. As caroverine is registered and used as a spasmolytic drug in Austria, patients' verbal consent was sufficient. In both compounds we registered no difference of clinical efficacy, though caroverine presented less sedative side effects. This may be an important factor in the treatment and management of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Dose ranges were 120 mg/day vs. 2,400 mg/day of caroverine and meprobamate, respectively. Thus, drug loading and metabolism can be thoroughly reduced by the application of caroverine--another important point in treatment of alcoholism. In 4 cases of manifest delirium tremens the infusional application of caroverine was openly tested with dose ranges of 2.5-5.0 mg/kg (24 h). Clinical effects were estimated to be similar with oral application as was therapeutic efficacy. This novel indication of a group-B Ca2+ channel blocker presents an interesting feature, which seems to warrant further investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Findings with cis-Z-clopenthixol in the treatment of acute mania and schizophrenia.

The authors report the results of an open clinical trial with Cis(Z)-Clopenthixol (Cisordinol), the isolated Cis-isomer of the Clopenthixol racemate (Sordinol). The drug was applied to 18 patients with severe forms of manic or schizophrenic disease, diagnosed according to ICD 9. The compound was applied intravenously or orally, daily doses ranging from 10-160 mg. For the duration of the study (6 weeks) the patients were repeatedly rated with the CGI, BPRS or IMPS (abbreviated version), and several hematological and enzyme patterns, cardiac, renal function and electrolytes were monitored, as was the FFA. Due to the relatively small number of patients in relatively heterogeneous diagnostic composition, a number of items rated failed to reach statistical significance. The CGI showed a good therapeutic effect with a minimal incidence or severity of side effects. BPRS and IMPS documented an impressive decline in formal thought-disorders, agitation, logorrhea and tenseness. The sedative effects of the drug were slight and of short duration, anti-Parkinson medication was necessary in more than 50% of the patients studied. The results of the study show a good efficacy of the drug in manic and schizophrenic disorders, Cisordinol being well tolerated intravenously. The range of doses administered is approximately 50% of the dose-range of the parent-drug (Sordinol).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Investigation of possible interaction between pinaverium bromide and digoxin.

A single-blind study was carried out in 25 patients, who were receiving maintenance therapy for congestive heart failure with digoxin, to investigate the effect on steady-state plasma digoxin levels of concomitant administration of the spasmolytic, pinaverium bromide (50 mg 3-times daily). Patients received pinaverium bromide for 12 days followed by placebo for a further 7 days. Assessment of the results in 21 patients showed no evidence of any statistically significant variations in plasma digoxin levels during either treatment period or in the clinical observations which might indicate drug interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[alpha 1-Antitrypsin phenotypes in patients with chronic liver diseases].

In a 25-year-old man we had observed the development of a liver cirrhosis leading to death from bleeding of oesophageal varices within two years. An alpha 1-antitrypsin defect (MZ-type) was detected post mortem both by serum analysis and by tissue examination. It is well documented that homozygote, e.g. SS- or ZZ-type, antitrypsin defects are frequently accompanied by liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. In 174 patients with alcoholic hepatitis or alcohol-induced cirrhosis we demonstrated the distribution of alpha 1-antitrypsin phenotypes using gel electrofocussing to clarify whether the heterozygote alpha 1-antitrypsin defect--which is accompanied only occasionally by a slightly reduced total concentration of the alpha 1-antitrypsin in the blood--has an increased incidence in such patients. Compared to the healthy population (MS-type 4.0%), we observed 9,8% MS-type in the described 174 patients. This simultaneous occurrence of a chronic, alcohol-induced liver disease with the genetic aberration of the alpha 1-antitrypsin phenotype pattern is too frequent to be attributed to mere chance and may be one cause of the increased incidence of chronic liver diseases within families documented by clinicians.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Activity of procollagen-prolyl-hydroxylase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in liver biopsies from patients with chronic liver diseases.

In 5 mg of liver tissue obtained by needle biopsy from patients with chronic liver diseases, activity of both Procollagen-prolyl-hydroxylase and N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase was measured. The activity of both enzymes increased due to the activity of fibrosis, but prolylhydroxylase increased more. The relation of these two enzyme activities in the development of liver fibrosis is discussed.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1979

The distribution of HLA-Antigens in German patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis.

HLA-phenotypes were determined in 31 (30 unrelated) patients with hemochromatosis and compared to the distribution of HLA-antigens in the general German population. A significant excess of HLA-A3 was observed (76.7% vs. 30.2%). The frequency of HLA-B7 was also increased (53.3% vs. 27.0%). However, the difference did not quite reach the level of statistical significance, when correction for multiple comparisons was made. Our findings are in accord with previous observations for different ethnic groups, indicating an association of IH with the A3/B7 haplotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Isoenzyme P of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in sera from patients with liver diseases (author's transl)].

The isoenzyme P of N-Acetyl-beta-Glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) is demonstrated in sera from healthy persons and patients with acute and chronic liver diseases by electrofocusing in polyacrylamide gel. Elevation of isoenzyme P is observed only together with elevation of Glutamate-Pyruvate-Transaminase (GPT) in patients with acute and chronic liver diseases of different etiology and activity. The correlation between isoenzyme P and GPT is significant. On the contrary whole beta-NAG is elevated due the activity of the mesenchymal reaction in the injured liver tissue, not related to enzymes of the cytosol like GPT.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1978

[Consideration of the mesenchyme-reaction in patients with cronical liver-diseases (author's transl)].

The lysosomal glycosidase N-Acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) is involved in the breakdown of connective tissue. The activity of this enzyme was determined in sera and biopsies of liver tissue from patients with chronic diseases of the liver of different aetiology. Elevation of enzyme activity was found to be related to an increase of the mesenchymeraction in the injured liver tissue. No correlation was found between activity of beta-NAG and of GPT, gammaGT and CHE.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1977

[The effect of caerulein on intraluminal pressures of the common bile duct and duodenum in man (author's transl)].

Caerulein is a dekapeptide related to gastrin and cholecystokinin with profound effects on gastrointestinal motility. In the present study we examined the effect of intravenously administered caerulein (0.1 microgram/kg body weight) on the intraluminal pressure of common bile duct and duodenum in 12 patients. The pressure recordings were obtained by endoscopic perfusion manometry. The tip of the perfused catheter was positioned under radiological control and the measurements were carried out under standardized conditions. Following the injection of caerulein there was a rise in pressure in the common bile duct and the mid portion of the duodenum. The pressure increase in the common duct appears to be predominantly due to contraction of the gallbladder as it is considerably less pronounced in patients with cholecystectomy. The problems inherent to endoscopic pressure recordings under pharmacological stimulation are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Is there a therapeutic effect of cures undergone by patients with chronic liver disease? (authors transl)].

"Cures" embrace by definition a broad spectrum starting from taking waters in health resorts to hospital treatment in modern rehabilitation centers. The effectiveness of traditional cure procedures is discussed. Effectiveness of drinking cures, baths and mud packs in liver disease has not yet been proven. Controlled trials are necessary. Clinical treatment is indicated in alcoholic liver damage, viral hepatitis with a protracted course, chronic aggressive hepatitis and compensated cirrhosis of the liver; such treatment, however, is questionable in fatty liver and in chronic persistent hepatitis. Data concerning the effectiveness of treatment of chronic liver diseases are given. The following conclusions are drawn: patients with liver disease ought to be hospitalized when undergoing cures, indications have to be precised, collaboration of patients has to be stimulated, hospital discipline has to be tight, therapy of alcoholism has to include several psychosocial aspects, treatment after leaving hospital has to be improved.

Balneology↗