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Biomedical subjects

G Edelist

Publications and source records attributed to G Edelist.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Postoperative malignant hyperthermia episodes in patients who received "safe" anaesthetics.

Three cases of postoperative malignant hyperthermia (MH) episodes, after what was considered to be a "safe" anaesthetic, are described. In each case the temperature rose in a delayed fashion after an uneventful anaesthetic. Treatment included intravenous dantrolene, surface cooling and ventilation with 100 per cent oxygen. Stress in the postoperative period may have been the triggering factor responsible for these reactions. Patients should be monitored well into the postoperative period as MH episodes may occur long after surgery is completed. If stress represents a significant triggering mechanism then no anaesthetic technique can be considered entirely safe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Acute and chronic microsphere loss from canine left ventricular myocardium.

We determined the effects of time, type of anesthesia, and myocardial infarction on loss of radioactive microspheres averaging 9 or 15 micrometers diameter from left ventricular myocardium. The principle used to compute losses was comparison of the number of microspheres injected directly into coronary arteries to the numbers remaining in myocardium, appearing within 2-4 min in the coronary sinus, or trapped in the lungs. Losses of 9-micrometers microspheres within 2 min of injection were significantly greater for halothane (mean 6.3%) than nitrous oxide anesthesia (mean 3.3%), and in the next 2 h increased to 11.7 and 7.9%, respectively. Over 5 wk in conscious dogs losses were as high as 40 and 11% for 9 and 15 micrometers microspheres, respectively. Losses were not greater for infarcted than normal muscle, and negligible radioactivity appeared in paracardiac lymph nodes. Microspheres leaving the heart were almost all below 10.3 micrometers diameter, so that microspheres with diameters 10-14 (mean 12) micrometers might be the best size to use for myocardial studies.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1982

Anesthesia for CO2 laser surgery of the larynx.

The CO2 laser is a useful surgical tool in laryngology, but adds a significant anesthetic risk because of a constant fear of fire. This paper reviews the anesthetic problems of laryngology in general - competition for the airway between surgeon and anesthetist, circulatory changes associated with laryngoscopy, and postoperative laryngospasm and edema, as well as operating room pollution together with problems unique to laser usage. If endotracheal tubes are used, they may burn, the laser may be misaligned, endotracheal cuffs may burst, and there is a constant risk of a flash fire. The techniques favored are either a small born endotracheal tube wrapped in aluminum foil or an injection technique. The former may obstruct laryngeal lesions. The injection technique is described in detail together with the pharmacological management of anesthesia.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1980

Anaesthesia for day-care surgery: a symposium (II). Organization of the out-patient surgical facility.

The organization of three main types of out-patient anaesthesia facility are discussed. These are the hospital unit with independent facilities, the integrated hospital unit and the independent out-patient surgical centre. The use of an out-patient facility for minor surgical procedures has been suggested as a less expensive alternative to in-patient management. Some of the advantages and disadvantages are outlined.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1979

Myocardial ischemia during non-cardiac surgical procedures in patients with coronary-artery disease.

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of ST-segment depression during anesthesia and operation. Graded exercise testing has demonstrated a high correlation between ST-segment depression and myocardial ischemia. Therefore, 11 patients without and 29 patients with known coronary-artery disease were monitored during surgical procedures with a commercially available exercise electrocardiographic monitor (Viagraph). Comparisons were made between this device, which monitored lead V5, and the standard operating room monitor, which monitored lead 11. Eleven of 29 patients in the disease group demonstrated significant ST depression. Nine of the 11 ischemic episodes were not recognized on the standard operating room monitor. Retrospective review of anesthetic records of those 11 patients with ST-segment depression revealed rate--pressure product values greater than 11,000 for ten of them. Postoperatively, three of the 11 patients with significant ST-segment depression had changing electrocardiograms compatible with ischemia. None of the control group demonstrated significant ST-segment depression. The incidence of ischemia was 38 per cent during anesthesia and operation in the coronary-artery-disease group. Lead V5 analysis is superior to lead 11 analysis in detecting ST-segment depression. The period in which intubation is performed is one of the highest-risk intervals during anesthesia and operation, particularly when it is associated with an increased rate--pressure product.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1977

An evaluation of the anaesthetic techniques used in an outpatient unit.

Our follow-up of 250 gynaecology patients and 100 dental patients who had received anaesthesia for elective outpatient surgical procedures indicates: (1) The practice of outpatient anaesthesia in proper facilities with proper selection of patients appears to be safe. (2) There is widespread patient acceptance of surgery and anaesthesia on an outpatient basis. (3) Complications are frequent but minor. (4) Many of the complications may be minimized: (i) Adequate depth of anaesthesia preferably with a volatile agent will do away with awareness during operation. (ii) Methoxyflurane should be avoided to minimize late arousal. Volatile agents such as enflurane or halothane would seem to be preferable to intravenous agents. (iii) Post-fasciculation pain could be minimized by avoiding succinylcholine for short procedures like D & C and using adequate depth instead. For dental procedures requiring tracheal intubation, one could perhaps use non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, like pancuronium, with reversal at the end of the procedure. (5) Nausea, vomiting, dizziness and headache are complications that occur very frequently in all series reported and this is an area where more research is indicated.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of etidocaine and lidocaine in epidural analgesia for surgery.

Etidocaine 1 per cent has been compared with lidocaine 2 per cent for epidural anaesthesia for surgery. Etidocaine produced a block which was characteristically longer, with a more profound motor component than lidocaine. The quality of anaesthesia was not as satisfactory with etidocaine and the danger of inadvertent intravenous injection was underlined.

Acetanilides↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of etidocaine and lidocaine for obstetrical analgesia.

Etidocaine, a relatively new local anaesthetic agent, is compared with lidocaine for use in epidural anaesthesia for vaginal delivery. The parameters compared were quality of anaesthesia, dose of drug, onset and regression of sensory blockade, complete degree of motor blockade, effect on maternal blood pressure, and foetal Apgar scores at one and five minutes. The major differences between the drugs are the lower percentage of satisfactory anaesthesia with etidocaine, the much greater variability in the time of onset of complete sensory block with etidocaine as compared to lidocaine, the more profound motor block with etidocaine, and the slightly longer duration of action of this drug. It is concluded that etidocaine has no real place in epidural anaesthesia for obstetrics.

Acetanilides↗
PubMed1975

Post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency following chest trauma: identification and prophylaxis.

Post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency is a syndrome characterized by tachypnea, increasing respiratory effort, progressive pulmonary infiltrates and relentless progressive hypoxemia. Prophylaxis of this syndrome currently comprises adequate treatment and depends upon its early recognition by frequent monitoring of blood gases, chest radiograph, and determination of values of circulatory variables. Once the syndrome is recognized in its early stages, artificial ventilation, with the possible addition of positive end-expiratory pressure, meticulous fluid therapy properly monitored, and prevention of infection constitute the hallmark of treatment.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1973

A clinical and microbiological study of venous catheterization.

In a prospective study of 210 intravenous catheters and needles 31 (15%) swabs yielded 34 microbial isolates. Twenty-eight were "non-pathogenic" skin commensals and six were "pathogenic" organisms. Commensals were isolated predominantly from catheters left in situ for only a short time (up to two days) and pathogenic organisms most frequently from specimens left in situ for a longer time. Correlation was not confirmed between colonization and infection, antibiotic therapy or phlebitis. All samples of IV fluids were sterile on culture. Changing the IV catheter at least every two days is recommended.

Alcaligenes↗