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Biomedical subjects

G Edelstein

Publications and source records attributed to G Edelstein.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Deriving clinical prediction rules from stroke outcome research.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our purpose was to determine whether clinical prediction rules could be derived from current stroke outcome research. SUMMARY OF REPORT: We reviewed 92 articles on stroke outcome research to determine their suitability for implementation as a clinical prediction rule. Methodological problems in many of these studies made implementation of their results as a clinical prediction rule difficult. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of stroke outcome research as clinical prediction rules would be facilitated by description of patient population demographics; precise definitions of predictor and outcome measures; stratification of patients by stroke mechanism; use of adequate patient sample sizes; and description of the mathematical methods used, including coding schemes, cutpoints, beta coefficients, constant terms, and a priori probabilities.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMed1988

Abnormalities of the sacroiliac joints in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: demonstration by computed tomography.

Eight patients with classical spinal radiographic features of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) had pelvic radiographs which suggested sacroiliac joint abnormalities. No patient had clinical features of ankylosing spondylitis. Computed tomography of the sacroiliac joints revealed several abnormalities including asymmetric intraarticular partial fusion, osteophytes with or without bridging, and vacuum phenomenon. Sacroiliac joint disease can complicate DISH.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Electronic fluorography for the performance of cine hysterosalpingography.

We used electronic fluorography to perform hysterosalpingography in 25 women with infertility or abnormal bleeding. In contrast to the conventional modality of fluoroscopy with intermittent permanent imaging, an image intensifier was used to periodically record dye injection on a moving tape (cine hysterosalpingography). The mean number of electronic fluorographs taken per patient was 10.8 +/- 3.12 (mean +/- SD). The mean radiation exposure per patient for electronic fluorography was 113.4 +/- 52 versus 112 +/- 52.4 mR when a single conventional radiographic image was taken. We conclude that electronic fluorography is a simple yet accurate radiographic method that delivers to the gonads approximately one-eleventh the dose of ionizing radiation that current standard techniques do, and should be accepted as an alternative diagnostic modality.

Cineradiography↗
PubMed1985

Synovial cysts of the knee: CT evaluation.

Eight patients with synovial cysts about the knee were studied by computed tomography (CT). Six of the eight patients had cysts in atypical locations, four medial and two anterior. Knee arthrography, performed on five patients, demonstrated the cyst in only two cases. In all patients CT defined the location and extent of the cyst, demonstrating the following benign features: a well-defined homogeneous mass with attenuation values approximating that of water, preservation of adjacent soft-tissue planes, and absence of bone involvement. The authors conclude that CT is useful in the evaluation of a suspected synovial cyst when its position is atypical or when arthrography fails to demonstrate or completely delineate the cyst. CT provided diagnostic accuracy and determination of the optimal operative approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Sonographic detection of rotator cuff tears.

Thirty-nine consecutive patients referred for shoulder arthrography underwent shoulder sonography to determine the ability of sonography to detect rotator cuff tears. Fifteen patients had arthrographically proven rotator cuff tears. Of these, 14 were detected by sonography, for a sensitivity of 93%. The three sonographic criteria indicative of rotator cuff tear were (1) discontinuity in the normal homogeneous echogenicity of the rotator cuff; (2) replacement of the normal homogeneous echogenicity by a central echogenic band; and (3) nonvisualization of the cuff. Twenty patients had normal sonographic examinations, 19 of which were normal by arthrography. Therefore, the predictive value of a negative sonogram was 95%. On the basis of these findings, sonography can provide a noninvasive means of screening patients with suspected rotator cuff tears.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Focal hematopoietic hyperplasia of the rib--a form of pseudotumor.

Two patients are presented who had a resection of a solitary expansile rib lesion. The radiologic features were nonspecific and the lesions were thought to represent either fibrous dysplasia, myeloma, or metastatic disease. Histologically, the lesion consisted of focal hyperplasia of the bone marrow involving all hematopoietic elements. The marrow expanded the rib, eroded the cortex, and extended into the adjacent soft tissue. Neither patient had any underlying hematologic abnormality. A search of the English language literature failed to discover a description of a similar lesion. From the clinical course and follow-up information, the process appears to be benign. The authors believe the lesion is a form of pseudotumor, and propose that it be designated as "focal hematopoietic hyperplasia of rib" or "hematopoietic pseudotumor."

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Computed tomography of Tietze syndrome.

Six patients with clinical features suggestive of Tietze syndrome had a thoracic computed tomographic (CT) examination following a normal plain film or tomographic examination (or both) of the affected costochondral junction. A chest wall mass was excluded in all six patients. The CT findings included enlargement of the costal cartilage at the site of complaint (two patients), ventral angulation of the involved costal cartilage (two patients), and normal anatomy of the costochondral junction (two patients). Exclusion of a chest wall mass by CT may obviate the need for operative intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Elbow arthrography: a reassessment of the technique.

Twenty-six elbow arthrograms were retrospectively reviewed. Each arthrogram consisted of conventional radiography, conventional tomography, standard double-contrast arthrography, and arthrotomography. Each of these four components was independently interpreted in a blinded fashion by six radiologists, each working alone. The four components were evaluated for presence or absence of intraarticular bodies, cartilage loss, or fractures. The results showed that conventional tomography was the most accurate single study. Arthrotomography rarely improved the diagnostic accuracy of noncontrast methods. It was useful in those few patients where detection of purely cartilaginous bodies, precise position of mineralized densities, or status of articular cartilage was desired. It may be possible to reduce the number of elbow arthrograms, thereby reducing time, cost, and radiation dose factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Inhalational anesthesia and histamine release during bronchospasm.

The influence of inhalational anesthetics on histamine released during bronchospasm induced by Ascaris antigen aerosol was studied in Basenji-Greyhound (BG) dogs. Five BG dogs were anesthetized with thiopental and halothane on separate occasions and challenged with Ascaris antigen aerosol for five minutes. Pulmonary resistance (RL), dynamic compliance (Cdyn), and arterial plasma histamine levels were measured over 30 min following antigen exposure. Prior to antigen challenge, RL, Cdyn, and histamine levels were similar in thiopental- and halothane-anesthetized dogs. The peak change in RL and Cdyn occurred 10 min after the start of antigen challenge. RL increased 3.0 +/- 0.4-fold (mean +/- SEM) in thiopental-anesthetized dogs as compared with 1.6 +/- 0.2-fold in halothane-anesthetized dogs (P less than 0.05). Cdyn decreased to a similar extent in both groups, with maximal decreases of 0.53 +/- 0.08 and 0.53 +/- 0.09 times the prechallenge value for thiopental- and halothane-anesthetized dogs, respectively. Plasma histamine levels peaked at 5 min. Plasma histamine increased to 8.0 +/- 5.0 ng/ml in thiopental-anesthetized dogs compared with 10.7 +/- 4.7 ng/ml in halothane-anesthetized dogs. Histamine levels were not significantly different during or after antigen challenge between thiopental- and halothane-anesthetized dogs. Halothane, but not thiopental, significantly attenuated the increase in RL provoked by antigen challenge. However, arterial plasma histamine levels were similar during both anesthetics. Therefore, the authors conclude that the protective effect of halothane on airways was not due to an inhibition of release of histamine from mast cells.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1983

Protrusio acetabuli: radiographic appearance in arthritis and other conditions.

Normal radiographic anatomic relationships, as well as distortion of those relationships in protrusio acetabuli, have been described. The occurrence of this deformity in arthropathies is stressed and other entities are mentioned and illustrated. Standard anteroposterior hip or pelvis radiographs readily permit the detection of protrusio acetabuli.

Acetabulum↗