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Biomedical subjects

G Eliopoulos

Publications and source records attributed to G Eliopoulos.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Defective CSA-dependent granulopoiesis in patients with chronic drug-induced neutropenia.

Colony stimulating activity (CSA) and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (GM-CFC) were assayed in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of 17 patients with drug-induced chronic neutropenia. Leukocyte-derived and monocyte/macrophage-derived CSA from the neutropenic patients was found to be significantly decreased compared to normal control. However, bone marrow and peripheral blood GM-CFC were within normal limits. These data suggest that in neutropenic patients monocyte/macrophages exhibit most likely a qualitative defect in CSA production, which may account at least in part, for the impaired granulopoiesis observed in drug-induced neutropenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Antimicrobial susceptibility tests and their role in therapeutic drug monitoring.

Principles and techniques of routine and special in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacteria are reviewed with emphasis on the advantages, limitations, and potential problems of each method. The utilities of MBC testing and of serum bactericidal titer determination are discussed in the clinical context. The use of testing for possible antibiotic interactions is examined in light of potential benefits and risks of combination antimicrobial therapy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Hemoglobin content of single erythrocytes from fetuses with parents having heterozygous beta-thalassemia.

The hemoglobin content of single erythrocytes was determined by microspectrophotometry as total extinction (TE) at 415 nm in subjects with a wide spectrum of hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte indices. Precise measurements of the cellular area (A) and the ratio TE/A were also recorded. A significant correlation was found between TE and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), A and mean corpuscular volume, and TE/A and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) for the cases studied. In addition, TE, A and TE/A were determined in fetal erythrocytes obtained by fetoscopy at the 20th week of gestation for prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassemia. The mean red cell TE and TE/A of the group of fetuses diagnosed to have thalassemia major were significantly lower than those of the group of normal controls and with heterozygous beta-thalassemia. The significant differences of TE, A and TE/A between maternal and fetal blood allowed a safe distinction of the latter. The calculated MCH of the fetuses with thalassemia major was 12% less than that of the normal controls; the respective difference of the mean cell size was 5% and that of MCHC 3% lower than normal.

Erythrocyte Indices↗
PubMed1983

Clinical evaluation of cefotiam (CGP/14221) versus cephalothin in the treatment of urinary tract infections.

A study was carried out in 35 patients with urinary tract infections to compare the efficacy and tolerance of cefotiam and cephalothin. Patients received at random either 1 g cefotiam twice daily (19 patients) or 1 g cephalothin 4-times daily (16 patients) parenterally over a period of 10 days. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed mainly on disappearance of bacteriuria. Only 1 patient of those receiving cefotiam failed to respond and suffered a delayed relapse. Five patients failed to respond to cephalothin: in 3 of them bacteriuria persisted throughout treatment and there was relapse in the other 2 patients. The time for the disappearance of bacteriuria was significantly shorter in the cefotiam group.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Widespread cytomegalovirus gastroenterocolitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

This case report documents extensive gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, presenting as diarrhea and involving stomach, duodenum, and colon. Endoscopic biopsy specimens and cultures were essential to make the diagnosis and to distinguish the illness from inflammatory bowel disease. A careful search for other potential pathogens was made as well. The discussion includes a review of literature regarding cytomegalovirus involvement of the gastrointestinal tract.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1980

Selection of operative procedure for adenocarcinoma of the midstomach. Twenty years' experience with implications for future treatment strategy.

Pathoanatomic studies of the regional spread of adenocarcinoma of the middle one-third of the stomach suggested the need for extensive gastric and lymphatic resection. To seek evidence of improved results, a retrospective study was made of 213 patients curatively treated by three commonly used procedures: 1) radical high subtotal gastrectomy (SG, n = 39), 2) radical total gastrectomy (TG, n = 48), and 3) extended total gastrectomy (ETG, n = 126). The overall five-year survival rates were SG:10%, TG:16%, and ETG:19%. Advanced stage tumors (N2, N3, or M1) were highly lethal, irrespective of the type of resection. However, patients with early stage tumors (T1-4, N0 or N1) showed higher survival rates after more extensive resections (ETG:42% and TG: six of eight patients, versus SG:17%). The highest survival rate (93%) was observed in a subset of patients with early stage tumors electively treated by ETG; this was achieved despite the presence of metastasis to the juxtagastric (N1) lymph nodes or direct invasion of an adjacent organ in most of these patients. These observations confirm the merit of extensive resection for carcinoma of the midstomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Effect of Corynebacterium parvum on hemopoietic stem-cell kinetics.

The intravenous administration of 548 microgram of killed Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum) into C57BL mice leads to a significant decrease in the number of bone-marrow colony-forming-units in spleen (CFUs) as early as 12 h after the injection of the bacterium. This decrease persisted in varying degrees for 3 weeks. After an initial fall at 24 h, the splenic CFUs exhibited a rapid expansion and reached values 10 times higher than the control range on the ninth day. A significant rise in the number of circulating CFUs, reaching a first peak at 2 h and a second one on the fifth day, was also observed. The proliferative status of femoral CFUs was increased at 48 and 72 h, while that of splenic CFUs presented a significant increase only 48 h after the injection of C. parvum. The sequence of events which were observed in these experiments indicates that an accelerated migration of hemopoietic stem cells from bone marrow to spleen via the blood circulation has to take place.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Effect of Corynebacterium parvum on murine cultured bone marrow cells].

The administration of Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum) stimulates in the mouse the bone marrow colony forming cell compartment in two stages. The first stage reaches pic values one day after two consecutive injections and the second, more important stage, reaches a pic at the 9th day which lasts over 27 days. There is no evidence that this effect is related to the liberation of CSF.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of corynebacterium parvum on bone marrow cell cultures (38557).

The effect of C. parvum on in vitro colony-forming cell was evaluated. A single ip injection of the vaccine had no effect during the first 4 hr either on colony stimulating factor or on colony-forming cells. The enhancement of the colony-forming capacity of the bone marrow by C.parvum occurred after two injections of the vaccine within 48 hr. The stimulation of colony formation by C. parvum was time related function and occured 5 days after the initiation of the cultures. The results of this study indicate that C. parvum appears to be stimulant of bone marrow cells capable of proliferation and may be used as a valuable adjuvant against myelosuppressive agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Triiodothyronine-induced thyrotoxicosis in ophthalmic Graves disease.

A euthyroid woman with ophthalmic Graves disease developed endogenous hyperthyroidism coincident with T3 suppression test. There is a putative role of liothyronine administration in precipitating or activating hyperthyroidism. Aberrancies in T3 suppression testing in graves disease occur.

Bendroflumethiazide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interleukin-6 in seminal plasma of fertile and infertile men.

Cytokines released by various cell subsets in the male urogenital tract are capable of markedly influencing sperm function and fertility. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined by "sandwich" enzyme immunoassay in the seminal plasma of 77 men divided as follow: (1) into 7 groups according to the etiological diagnosis of fertility, and (2) into 2 groups on the basis of normal or abnormal spermiogram. There was a statistically significant association between IL-6 and the patients' status (P < 0.0014). These results are due to statistically significant differences between the groups with infection of the accessory genital glands and normal controls, as well as between the groups with infection of the accessory genital glands and that with varicocele, indicated by the Honestly Significant Differences (HSD) test for multiple comparisons. There was no significant difference of IL-6 levels between men with normal and those with abnormal spermiograms. Furthermore, there was no correlation between IL-6 levels and the variables of the spermiogram. The prostate seems to be the main site of origin of IL-6 in the seminal plasma. Our data suggest that urogenital infections may lead to elevated levels of IL-6 in the seminal plasma. This measurement of IL-6 in semen may provide clinically useful information for the diagnosis of male accessory gland infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical analysis of the ras p21 oncoprotein in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

We studied the ras oncogene expression using immunohistochemical detection of p21 oncoprotein in paraffin-embedded tissue sections or fine needle aspiration (FNA) material from 25 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 12 healthy individuals. We also investigated the presence of this protein in the lymphocytes of thyroid gland, as well as in peripheral blood lymphocytes. We found increased expression of p21 oncoprotein by thyroid epithelial cells in 22 patients (intensity of staining ++), whereas we observed negative or slightly positive in 9 and 3 out of 12 normal controls, respectively (intensity of staining, - or +/-). We also detected p21 oncoprotein in moderate amounts in patients' intrathyroid lymphocytes (intensity of staining +), but peripheral blood lymphocytes did not present any staining result. Our findings provided evidence that epithelial cells, as well as lymphocytes infiltrating the thyroid gland, are probably "activated" in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The significance of this "activation" in thyroid tumorigenesis remains unknown.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Defective mitogen-induced cellular cytotoxicity in myelodysplastic syndromes. Recovery after alpha-interferon administration.

Peripheral blood mitogen - induced cellular cytotoxicity (MICC) and natural killer- cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) were assessed in 25 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Both MICC and NKCC were examined under the same experimental conditions using the 18 hr chromium release assay, except that cultures for MICC were stimulated in vitro by the addition of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Patients' MICC was found significantly reduced, in relation to controls (p less than 0.001), but significantly higher than patients' NKCC (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, patients CD3+ cells and CD4+ cells, as well as the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, were significantly decreased (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.001, respectively), while CD8+ cells and CD16+ cells were within normal limits. No relationship was noted between patients' MICC and total lymphocyte count or any lymphocyte subpopulation. In eleven patients who were subsequently subjected to a-interferon (a-IFN) administration, MICC values were found within normal range one month after the cessation of alpha-IFN, while NKCC values were significantly increased (p less than 0.01), but they still remained below the lower limit of the control (p less than 0.001). Percentages of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells, as well as the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, did not change after alpha-IFN, but the absolute numbers of CD3+ cells and CD8+ cells were significantly reduced. A statistically significant rise was noted in CD16+ cells. Post- IFN rises in MICC did not correlate with lymphocyte subpopulations. The findings indicate that MDS patients display very low MICC, which can be restored by alpha-IFN administration. The cause of this disturbance and the mechanism of its restoration by alpha-IFN remain unclear.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monocytosis-inducing activity (MIA) of serum in Corynebacterium parvum treated mice.

Intravenous injection of 548 microgram of C. parvum (Lot 0407, Mérieux Laboratories, France) into C57Bl mice produced rapidly appearing monocytopenia which was followed by marked and prolonged monocytosis after the third day. The serum of these animals, collected during the monocytopenic but not the monocytosis phase, showed monocytosis inducing activity (MIA) as was demonstrated by the intravenous injection of the serum into normal test mice. Serum from normal untreated mice or from mice given an intravenous injection of sterile pyrogen-free saline did not cause monocytosis in the test mice. Monocytosis induced in the test animals presented two interesting peaks. The first was observed 2 h after the injection of serum and the second 5 days later. The former was accompanied by a decrease and the latter by an increase in the number of bone marrow monocytes, suggesting that MIA probably represents a releasing activity. The late increase in marrow monocytes is considered as a phenomenon secondary to the initial reduction.

Animals↗