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Biomedical subjects

G Eskeland

Publications and source records attributed to G Eskeland.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Neurocutaneous melanosis. Case report and a brief review.

Neurocutaneous melanosis is a rare congenital syndrome characterised by large or numerous congenital pigmented naevi and excessive proliferation of melanin-containing cells in the leptomeninges. The process is diffuse or multifocal, and has a tendency to infiltrate the neural tissue and the cerebrospinal cord; remote metastases may occur. There is usually histological evidence of malignancy (cellular pleomorphism and mitotic activity). Involvement of the basal cisterns is apt to cause internal hydrocephalus, and the prognosis is grave even when there is no histological evidence of malignancy. We present the case history and necropsy findings of a baby boy with neurocutaneous melanosis, followed by a brief review.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of large congenital naevi. A review and report of six cases.

To minimize the significant risk of early malignancy, and to obtain acceptable cosmetic results we have treated five infants with large congenital naevi by full-thickness resection of the thickest part and superficial excision of the remaining parts of the naevus. The treatment was followed by rapid healing with little pigmented skin and minimal scarring. One patient treated at the age of six years showed a less favourable cosmetic result. Our experience confirms that the major part of the potentially malignant tissue can be removed and a greatly improved appearance achieved by early surgery. Additional surgery is usually necessary and should be completed before school age to prevent permanent psychological and social effects. Large congenital naevi are rare and difficult to treat. Their treatment should be centralised to regional hospitals that serve large populations.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[Treatment of large congenital pigmented nevi].

Large congenital nevi present a difficult therapeutic problem, since the surgeon must seek to achieve two objectives: To minimize the risk of malignancy; To obtain an acceptable cosmetic result. The first objective calls for early and radical excision of all pigmented areas; this may be impossible because of the operative risk, and the risk of leaving the patient with a deformity or disfiguring scars. The cosmetic indication may justify less aggressive surgery. Relatively new experience indicates that removal of the superficial layers of the nevus shortly after birth is followed by healing with non-pigmented or much less pigmented skin. By combining the removal of the superficial layers of skin with full-thickness resections and reconstructive plastic surgery, it is possible in most cases to achieve a favourable cosmetic result and, at the same time, reduce risk of early malignancy. Wherever possible, the surgical treatment should be completed before the age of five or six years in order to prevent long-lasting psychologic and social effects of the nevus deformity.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Secondary bone grafting and orthodontic treatment in patients with bilateral complete clefts of the lip and palate.

The results of secondary bone grafting and orthodontic treatment in 41 patients with bilateral complete clefts of the lip and palate are reported. Good bone formation was found in 98% of the cleft sites grafted before the eruption of the canines, and in 80% of the clefts grafted later. Closure of both cleft spaces by orthodontic means was achieved in 20 of the 21 patients in the first group, and in 14 of the 20 patients in the second group. The bone grafts failed in one cleft site in 4 patients, all of which were regrafted with satisfactory results. In 2 patients one of the canines was later affected by external root resorption, necessitating endodontic treatment. Both the failures and the root resorptions occurred in patients bone grafted at an older age than was considered optimal for bilateral clefts: 10 to 11 years. Seven patients needed a bridge prosthesis, 3 of these over one cleft space only. Even these patients benefited greatly from bone grafting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Skin banking in the treatment of burns. A practical approach to the processing and storing of allografts.

The good resuts achieved by treating extensive thermal burns with skin allografts have led to the development of effective long time preservation methods. Human skin can be frozen and kept viable at low temperatures by using cryoprotective media containing glycerol or dimethylsulfoxide. The biological properties of skin grafts thus treated have been investigated and their clinical success is well documented. Many burn centres have organized frozen skin banks based on liquid nitrogen (--196 degrees C) as the refrigerating medium. Such systems are expensive and require careful handling, regular control, and afterfilling. This is a report of a skin bank organized in an electric freezer, equipped with a recorder for continuous temperature registration, and with an alarm system. The storage temperature is --86 degrees C and the theoretical capacity approximately 3 m2 of skin. This bank has proved to be inexpensive, dependable and easy to use. Maintenance problems are minimal, and the running cost is very low. Skin allografts have been found viable after up to 2 years of storage.

Burns↗
PubMed1979

Columella lengthening in bilateral cleft lip patients. Experience with the forked flap procedure.

All patients with bilateral complete clefts of the lip and some patients with incomplete clefts have a short or almost non-existing columella. This is a characteristic deformity which can only be corrected by surgical lengthening of the columella. Among the numerous methods which have been used for this purpose, the forked falp method as described by Millard (1958) has certain advantages: 1. Sufficient donor tissue is available in the lateral parts of the prolabium to produce full lengthening of the columella and adequate projection of the tip of the nose. 2. Most patients with bilateral clefts need secondary correction of the lip scars and a narrowing of the nostrils after the primary operation. Both of these objectives are achieved as a part of the forked flap procedure. 3. Access is gained both to the lip muscles and to the alar cartilages at the tip of the nose. 4. Narrowing of the lip in the upper part results in a natural eversion of the lower part, and a short lip can be lengthened by letting the remaining central part of the prolabium go down during suturing. 5. The scars left in the upper lip are in an unobtrusive position corresponding to the philtral ridges. During the period 1965-77, 87 patients with bilateral cleft lip have had a columella lengthening performed according to the forked flap method. Our experience with this method has been very favourable. No serious complications have ensued, and the cosmetic results have been most satisfactory in the majority of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The ultrastructure of normal digital flexor tendon sheath and of the tissue formed around silicone and polyethylene implants in man.

Three normal digital flexor tendon sheaths and the corresponding tissue formed around five silicone rod tendon implants, two silicone rubber mammary prostheses and one polyethylene tubing implant have been examined by light microscopy and by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. No principal difference in morphology was found. The surface facing tendon or implant was almost invariably covered with an irregular layer of amorphous material and filaments; only occasionally were collagen fibrils or cells exposed. Beneath the surface there were abundant collagen fibrils and some cells; besides fibroblasts, cells rich in filaments and often with numerous glycogen granules, mitochondria and peripherally located vesicles were found. These cells were frequently surrounded by a thick layer of an amorphous matrix. The results indicate that the implants caused remarkably little tissue reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Defect of the ala nasi following trigeminal denervation. Case report.

Trophic ulceration of the nose is a rare complication occurring in patients with trigeminal anaesthesia. The etiology is not clear, but self-inflicted injuries to an anaesthetic region are considered to play an important part. The authors' experience with three cases indicates that substitution with skin from the affected area of the face will not give a lasting result. It seems probable that only skin with an intact nerve supply can provide a permanent replacement for skin lost in the dystrophic process. This means that a local flap innervated from a non-affected part of the face would offer the best possibility of a permanent cover for these defects.

Aged↗