Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Evers.
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In this replication study pain assessment and patient perception by nurses was studied in relation to patient characteristics and nurse characteristics. Nurses were randomly assigned to one of 24 descriptions of a hypothetical patient of constant age and unspecified sex. The 24 descriptions varied by duration of pain, presence of a physical pathology, diagnosis category, and depression symptoms. Results showed that third- and fourth-year student nurses of a hospital based program, and registered nurses attributed more pain when test results of physical pathology were positive. Third- and fourth-year student nurses also attributed more pain to depressive patients. No differences were found with respect to pain duration and diagnostic category. Nursing experience seems also to be important in pain assessment. First-year student nurses attributed less pain to the hypothetical patient than third- and fourth-year student nurses and registered nurses. In addition they perceived the patient as more positive when physical pathology was present or when no symptoms of depression were present.
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An account is given in this paper of first experience from orthotopic heart transplantation. Six of eight patients with transplants have so far survived, with two of these having been in very good general condition for more than a year. All surgical indications were derived from myocardial dilatation. A triple combination of cyclosporine A, prednisone, and azathioprine was used for immunosuppression.
Operations were performed on 84 infants for coarctation of the aorta between 1970 and 1987. An analysis was made of the results recorded from 45 of them (1983-1987). The youngest child had been two days of age. Additional cardiac (1983-1987). The youngest child had been two days of age. Additional cardiac defects were recordable from more than 60 per cent, while pulmonary pressures were above 75 in 50 per cent. Different surgical techniques were used and are recommended. The two-stage procedure was preferred in cases of associated intracardiac defects.
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The behaviour of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration (2,3-DPG) of red blood cells of babies and children with cyanotic heart diseases is studied before and after shunt operations. In babies with cyanotic heart diseases at the age of up to 6 months an increase of 2,3-DPG-level and haematocrit (HCT) is seen. Later, the compensation of chronic hypoxia is effected by further increase of HCT at unchanged high 2,3-DPG-level. The 2,3-DPG concentration which is still increased after successfull shunt operations as compared with the normal value is considered as an effective adaptation mechanism to the residual hypoxia presenting only a small load on the circulatory system. The 2,3-DPG concentration alone does not represent a criterion for the assessment of chronic hypoxia.
A baby of 5 months had an incomplete aortic ring (arcus aortae circumflexus) in combination with a ligamentum arteriosum. Even in infancy specific symptoms may occur. Carefull angiographic investigation can avoid misjudging the symptoms (stridor, dysphagia) and can contribute to an exact diagnosis thus preventing unnecessary operation.
1. In 12 dogs the right part of the diaphragm was stimulated 4, 5, 8, 11, and 14 weeks by means of a pacemaker. 2. Essential findings have been the increase of the amount of glycogen after 5 weeks, the increase of myofilaments per myofibril after 8 weeks, and the increase in the share of mitochondria in the 11th week. After 14 weeks all values have reached again their initial level as the result of an adaptation. 3. From the quantitative structural findings it can be taken that the diaphragm musculature is not changed by the electrostimulation in such a way that the functional preconditions for covering heart muscle deficiencies by diaphragm flaps are given.