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Biomedical subjects

G F Maberly

Publications and source records attributed to G F Maberly.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Evidence for insulin degradation by muscle and fat tissue in an insulin resistant diabetic patient.

The period before, during and after resistance to subcutaneous insulin in a 20-year-old, non-obese insulin-dependent patient with 'brittle' diabetes is documented and clinical observations are correlated with experimental results of insulin degradation in vitro. Treatment with intravenous but not subcutaneous aprotinin markedly reduced subcutaneous insulin requirements. Insulin resistance recurred following cessation of aprotinin. Serum free insulin levels were low during the subcutaneous resistant phase compared with those during the more sensitive phase. Insulin degradation in vitro by adipose tissue and muscle taken from the patient during a resistant phase was increased compared with degradation by tissue taken during a sensitive phase and by tissue from normal subjects. Chromatography of incubation media revealed that during the resistant phase, tissue from the patient degraded insulin to small fragments. It is concluded that, in this patient, insulin resistance was caused by excessive degradation in both muscle and adipose tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Thyroid hormone binding to putative nuclear receptors in human mononuclear blood cells.

Nuclear protein extracts from mononuclear cells in normal subjects, subjects with the clinical syndrome of thyroid hormone resistance and cultured B lymphocytes bound thyroxine (T4) Ka; 1 . 3-3 . 5 X 10(9) m-1) and triiodothyronine (T3) (Ka; 1 . 2-3 . 9 X 10(9) m-1) with similar affinities. When an extra wash step was introduced, the maximum specific binding of T4 and T3 was reduced by 75% and binding was abolished by three washes. These data suggest binding is to a serum protein contaminant present in the mononuclear cell preparation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of iodination of a village water-supply on goitre size and thyroid function.

An iodinator was fitted to the existing gravity-fed water-supply of a remote village in Sarawak, Malaysia, where goitre was endemic. Within nine months, the prevalence of goitre had been reduced from 61% to 30%, with 79% of goitres showing visible reduction in size. All subjects were clinically euthyroid before and nine months after the start of iodination, although pre-treatment serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations varied from normal up to 24 mU/l. Before treatment basal serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations were typical of endemic goitre with a low mean serum T4 (80 +/- 30 [SD] nmol/l) and a slightly raised mean serum T3 (2.3 +/- 0.7 nmol/l). After iodination, circulating TSH concentration was generally undetectable (less than 0.1 mU/l), mean T3 concentration was unchanged, but the mean T4 rose significantly to 109 +/- 41 nmol/l (p less than 0.01). Urinary iodine concentrations fluctuated; this largely reflected intermittent blockage of the iodinator, but concentrations became consistent with a return to the iodine-replete state. There was no evidence of the Jod Basedow effect in the group studied. Iodinated water was more convenient to distribute than iodised salt and is less likely to cause Jod Basedow phenomenon than are injections of iodised oil. Moreover, iodination of water is effective in killing most microorganisms and this additional benefit could contribute significantly to village health.

Goiter, Endemic↗
PubMed1976

Endemic goitre in Sarawak, Malaysia: I. Somatic growth and aetiology.

A comparative epidemiological and anthropometric survey was conducted among Ibans, the largest indigenous ethnic group in Sarawak, in three regions where the endemicity of goitre exhibited marked differences , to assess the effect of endemic goitre on somatic growth. In the Ai river region the prevalence of goitre was 99.5%; 35% having grade 3 goitres, 55% grade 2 goitres and 9.5% grade 1 goitres. At Rubu the prevalence of endemic goitre was 74%; 3% having grade 3 goitre, 16% grade 2 goitre and 55% grade 1 goitre. In the Bajong region relatively few people were detected with goitre and most of these had migrated from other regions. Neurological cretinism was estimated at 3.6% in the severely goitrous Ai river population but was not detected in the other regions. Anthropometric data obtained from the three adult populations did not reveal any statistically significant differences in the following parameters: weight, height, weight/height ratio, height/sitting height ratios, head circumference, scapular skinfold thickness and left mid arm muscle circumference. The haemoglobin, serum total protein and serum albumin concentrations were similar in the three populations. It is concluded that endemic goitre occurs with a frequency of close to 100% in certain Iban populations which represents one of the highest incidences of endemic goitre in the world. Neurological cretinism is common in this population. Our observations suggest that body proportions and somatic growth do not vary among similar ethnic populations exhibiting greatly different endemicity of goitre. Although no iodine balance studies were performed, assessment of diets suggested that iodine deficiency is a significant contributory factor in the development of endemic goitre in Sarawak. Urgent attention to iodine supplementation is indicated to prevent the development of endemic goitre and neurological cretinism.

Adult↗