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Biomedical subjects

G F Murnaghan

Publications and source records attributed to G F Murnaghan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis presenting with back pain.

We describe 2 cases of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis presenting with back pain. Additional features included weight loss, constitutional symptoms and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). One patient had sacroiliitis and was HLA-B27 positive. A further finding was obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery which has not been previously described in retroperitoneal fibrosis. The importance of considering idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis in the differential diagnosis of back pain has not been emphasized in the rheumatological literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Urodynamic evaluation of bladder neck obstruction in chronic prostatitis.

Urodynamic assessment was performed in 50 patients with symptoms which supported a diagnosis of chronic prostatitis and commonly suggested outflow obstruction. Twenty-three patients had bladder instability with an equal incidence with or without obstruction; this was demonstrated in 30 patients and was localised to the bladder neck in 24 and to the prostate in 6. A sensory problem presented on urodynamic testing in 26 patients (52% of the entire series), with a lower incidence (43%) in the obstructed group. Posterior urethritis was found in 28 (78%) of 36 patients subjected to cystourethroscopy. Endoscopic findings were suggestive of obstruction in 20 (95%) of 21 patients with urodynamic evidence of outflow obstruction and the sites of obstruction generally corresponded. The studies have provided urodynamic evidence that bladder neck obstruction could be a significant though not a predominant factor in the aetiology of the clinical syndrome of chronic prostatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Experimental evaluation of the urethral response to section of the spinal cord or cauda equina and to the electrostimulation of the bladder in non-human primates.

Studies of urethral function in 32 female monkeys indicate a dual innervation of the mid-urethra from sympathetic and somatic supply. The resting urethral pressure profiles were preserved after low level section of the spinal cord or division of the cauda equina. They had lowered amplitude after overstretch or electrostimulation of the autonomous bladder.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Experimental neurogenic disorders of the bladder after section of cauda equina.

Changes in the cystometric pattern and urethral pressure profile after surgical section of the cauda equina have been studied in a group of 20 monkeys (Macaca nemestrinal). The experimental autonomous bladder was characterised by tonic response to filling and with variable urethral dribbling incontinence but without co-ordinated detrusor activity. This pattern developed despite previous urinary diversion to prevent inadvertent overstretch of the bladder. Deliberate "overstretch" of the autonomous bladder was not followed by loss of tonus but was associated with the development of high amplitude regular detrusor contractions which were superimposed upon a steep rising filling cystometrogram. With urinary diversion the resting urethral pressure profiles were preserved after division of the cauda equina but were lower in amplitude after overstretch of the autonomous bladder.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Experimental neurogenic bladder disorder in non-human primates.

These studies indicate that the monkey Macaca nemestrina provides a suitable model to evaluate the neurological mechanism of micturition. This animal has a sacral spinal center for micturition whereby the classification of primary patterns of neurogenic disorder into spinal reflex after suprasacral spinal cord section and autonomous after cauda equina section is validated. Attempts at dissociation of the spinal and vesical neurons by section of the cauda equina were characterized generally by raised rather than lowered tonus, irrespective of previous urinary diversion to prevent inadvertent overstretch of the bladder. No evidence was obtained to indicate that overstretch of the autonomous bladder is followed by loss of tonus but the survival times of the animals after cauda equina section were comparatively short. There was some indication that overstretch may induce coordinated contractility of the bladder when only the peripheral neuron and sympathetic innervation of the bladder are intact. Evidence was obtained that the monkey has a dual innervation of the mid urethra, in which the pressure profile is supported by alpha adrenergic receptors as well as some somatic neural control. The resting urethral pressure profile is preserved after low level section of the spinal cord or division of the cauda equina but is lower in amplitide after overstretch of the autonomous bladder.

Animals↗