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Biomedical subjects

G F Pennecot

Publications and source records attributed to G F Pennecot.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The unstable patella in children.

The authors reviewed 102 unstable patellas which had been observed and treated from 1964 to 1990. They were divided according to whether they suffered from traumatic dislocations, recurrent dislocations or malformative instability. The clinical findings were the major stage of the check up. In the field of imaging, standard X-rays had to be performed in all cases. MRI was of interest in the congenital dislocations, in order to thoroughly investigate the soft tissue anomalies. Two types were described: Type 1 was observed in children with joint laxity, but without major X-ray anomalies; Type 2, a major femoropatellar dysplasia could be formed with some bone deformity. The latter was observed in the malformative instability. Four different surgical procedures have been used, from the release of the retinacula of patella to the medial displacement of the patellar tendon or the tibial tuberosity. This study emphasises the concept of a true development dysplasia of patella (DDP) which can gather the different varieties of the instability of patella.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Solitary bone cyst: controversies and treatment.

The solitary bone cyst (SBC) has not yet revealed all its secrets. The pathogeny of the SBC is thus considered and also its evolutivity. Conservative treatment has been used in attempts to heal this tumor-like bone. In the case of surgery, an original technique is described. The SBC still remains mysterious in many of its aspects. At the time of this writing, nobody can predict the occurrence modalities of this benign bone tumor. In a similar way, the reality of this tumor-like lesion cannot be precisely described. This emphasizes the first controversial point about this lesion. Indeed, must we consider differently the bone cysts that remain close to the growth plate and those which located in the diaphysis? Must we regard the true unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) differently and those that are multilocular? Moreover, are the cysts located in the long bones identical to the those of the short cancellous bones? Alas, SBC was supposed to be a lesion in children that disappeared after growth ended. Is it still true since some cases have been reported more recently in adults? This study represents a long follow-up. It includes the different aspects of the SBC and emphasizes an original technique in case surgery becomes indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: evaluation of different modes of treatment.

We reviewed 91 hips with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) after an average follow-up period of 6 years 6 months. Different treatment methods used, according to types and stages of slipping, are discussed. In situ fixation appears to be the best procedure for SCFE with < 60% displacement. Careful reduction-fixation is indicated in acute and acute-on-chronic SCFE > 60%. Primary rotation osteotomies are associated with a high percentage of complications. Secondary osteotomies should be simple (preferably a subtrochanteric derotation osteotomy) to reduce the risk of necrosis. Preventive contralateral fixation is indicated when the growth cartilage is still open.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The importance of the preoperative measurement of hemoglobin concentration. Evaluation of a colorimetric method (Hemocue)].

The present study compares two methods of haemoglobin measurement during surgery in 40 patients aged 1 to 85 years. The reference method is the Coulter STKS based on red cell count and mean cellular content in haemoglobin measurement. The method tested (Hemocue-Diagnostics Transfusion) allows instantaneous determination of haemoglobin on a 10 mu sample by measuring infrared absorption by haemoglobin in the 565 and 880 nm wavelengths. These methods have been compared using the method of assessment of agreement described by Bland and Altman. As previous reports suggested that the precision of haemoglobin measurement by Hemocue could depend on the capillary or venous site of sampling, we assessed agreement of the two methods of measurement of haemoglobin at both sites. In addition, the relationship between hematocrit and haemoglobin measured by either method has been assessed. On venous samples, there was a good agreement between the two methods of measurement of haemoglobin (n = 47), with a mean difference of -0.166 g/dl-1 and agreement limits of -1.041 g/dl-1 and +0.195 g/dl-1. Ninety six percent of the observed differences to two methods were within the 95% confidence interval. On capillary samples, there was a poor agreement between Hemocue and Coulter since the mean difference was -0.272 g/dl-1 with the following limits of agreement: -2.356 g/dl-1 and +1.812 g/dl-1. Only 92% of the observed differences were within the 95% confidence interval, with 17% of these being greater than the clinically accepted limit of 1 g/dl-1. The precision of Hemocue measurement of capillary blood haemoglobin was only +/- 16%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Traumatic ligamentous instability of the cervical spine in children.

Sixteen cases of dislocation and ligamentous disruptions of the cervical spine in children are reported. In five cases resulting from injury to the upper cervical spine, the roentgenographical features of the instability at the C1-C2 level are documented and their therapeutic orientation is defined. Eleven injuries were of the lower cervical spine: three dislocations, two of which were old cases, and eight serious ligamentous disruptions. Diagnosis of serious ligamentous disruptions was based on precise radiographic criteria: increase of the interspinous distance, loss of parallelism between the articular processes, and posterior widening of the disc space. The indications for surgical fixations in serious ligamentous disruptions depend on persistence of the clinical and radiological signs after a long orthopedic immobilization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Roentgenographical study of the stability of the cervical spine in children.

A roentgenographical study of the supposedly normal cervical spine in 40 children is reported. At the upper cervical level, the validity of the criteria in the literature (especially the atlantodental distance on the lateral view) was confirmed, and an upper limit was determined for children. A study of the atlantoaxial relationship on the anteroposterior view in neutral position and in lateral position was performed. At the lower cervical level, measurements according to Penning (Am J Roentgenol 1978;30:317-26) and Cattel and Filtzer (J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1965;47:1295-308) were applied to children and compared level by level at each age. This study allows a better comprehension of the mobility of the cervical spine in children and offers an explanation for suspicious roentgenographical features after trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Cranio-vertebral junction and Morquio disease. Apropos of 6 cases].

The authors study the anomalies of the cranio-vertebral junction in the Morquio disease. The first 6 cases reported, in addition to the usual vertebral anomalies, suffered from a junctionnal malformations that were operated by posterior decompression and occipito-vertebral arthrodesis. In these cases, they especially study: --the neurological repercussion in 5 cases that could only be evidenced by a very careful examination after a stress test; --the simple roentgenographic examination, in forced position, and gaseous myelography proved on one band, that the instability, which is supposed to be responsible for the neurological symptoms, is actually inconstant (2 case out of 6). But on the other hand a narrow canal was present in every cases; --the surgical procedure performed in the 6 cases consisted of a removal of the posterior arch of the Atlas, of a widening of the occipital foramen if necessary (4 cases) and of an occipito-vertebral arthrodesis. There has been no aggravation compared to the previous state. Three indisputable improvements in the cases with a pyramidal syndrome. The authors compared their cases to those published in the literature and on which most of the time only a simple stabilisation was performed. For the authors this stabilisation can only be considered as a complementary procedure to the decompression which remains the main part of the treatment. The indications are discussed: they are based on the neurological examination and the myelography.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1980

[Consequences of progressive lengthenings on rabbits. Experimental study (author's transl)].

The authors performed 12 femur progressive lengthenings on rabbits during growth period. The lengthening was effected with a small distractor after a transversal bone section. The lengthening was 7,5 mm on 4 rabbits in 5 days (group 1) 10,5 mm on 4 rabbits in 7 days (groups 2), 15 mm on 4 rabbits in 10 days (group 3. At the end of the lengthening, the authors compared the non operated limb with arteris, veins, nerves, muscles and growth cartilage of the operated side. They found no modification of the muscular structure in the 3 groups. They substantieted few arterial and veinous modifications in group 1 and 2 the arteriel modifications were minimal but veinous modifications were important in group 3. The nervous anomalies wer evident in the 3 groups; the more important the lengthening, the more severe the anomalies; ranging from nerve ondulations in group 1, to vacuolar degenerscence and fibres ruptur in group 3. The authors studied the growth cartilage modificate at the furthest extremity from the femur by counting the cells in the various layers of the cartilage. They noted a significant descrease of the cell in the proliferative zone. This descrease might be due to a cartilage suffering. The modifications in the hypertrophic zone are less important, inconstant and result in a increase of the number of the cells. The authors think that the consequences of those important modifications on the nerve and on the growth cartilage are constant enough to complete this study by other lengthenings. This study coroborates their theory that all the consequences of a lengthening performed in a child are far from being perfectly known.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[The incidence of progressive scoliosis and kyphosis after fractures and dislocations of the spine in children (author's transl)].

The authors have observed forty-two cases of fractures and dislocations of the spine in children. In twenty-eight cases there was a complete spinal cord lesion and in four cases a partial cord lesion with some recovery. Ten children had no neurological lesion. Fifteen progressive kyphoses and twenty-two progressive scolioses were noted and analysed. The kyphotic deformities were more severe at cervical levels and seem to be aggravated by laminectomies. They were stabilised at the time of bone maturity. To prevent this deformity, the authors recommend long-term plaster cast immobilisation associated with posterior fusion. In scoliotic deformities, the authors distinguish those due to neurological involvement and those arising at the level of the fracture due to disturbance of vertebral growth. Indications for treatment are discussed in relation to the age of the patient and the level of the fracture.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Patellar instability in children].

Current work on disease states involving the patella has led to increased interest in patellar instability. We reviewed a series of patellar luxations. True trauma-induced luxations are rare. Most cases are recurrent luxations in subjects with a morphological anomaly of the knee extensor system. Because of the growth cartilages, selective therapeutic techniques are needed to stabilize the patella. Recurrent or permanent luxations of the patella result from congenital malformations of the muscles or skeleton. A complete MRI study is highly indicated. The patella can be correctly realigned by surgical release. In cases with femoropatellar dysplasia, which is not specific for children, well conducted rehabilitation therapy often leads to favourable outcome.

Adolescent↗