A new protocol of iron therapy combined with epoetin alpha as a treatment for preoperative autologous blood donation in gynaecological tumor surgery.
The use of epoetin alpha and sodium ferrous gluconate has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment which can be used to avoid allogeneic blood transfusions and to plan short term elective surgery. In this study the authors submitted 20 patients, scheduled to undergo surgery for gynaecological tumors, to a program of pre-operative autologous blood donation. All the patients received both epoetin alpha and sodium ferrous gluconate in the pre- and post-donation period. Epoetin alpha was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 200 IU/kg thrice a week during the week before and after autologous blood donation (400 ml). Sodium ferrous gluconate was administered intravenously shortly before the first and fourth administration of 125 mg epoetin alpha, and shortly before the third and sixth administration of 62.5 mg epoetin alpha. Surgery was scheduled to be performed 10-15 days after the last epoetin alpha administration, i.e. within 15-20 days from blood donation. All the patients were tested for the following blood chemistry parameters: hematocrit, haemoglobin, sideraemia and ferritin at treatment start, before donation, at treatment end, before autologous blood infusion and on the third and seventh day after surgery. No patient receiving epoetin alpha required allogeneic blood transfusion, as both the hematocrit and haemoglobin values remained normal. Epoetin alpha was observed to be a safe and effective treatment to be used in autologous blood donation programs in all patients scheduled to undergo surgery. It limits the decrease of hematocrit values following autologous blood donation thus enabling all the patients, who for a variety of reasons refuse allogeneic blood infusion, to predeposit autologous blood shortly before the date scheduled for surgery.