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Biomedical subjects

G Forche

Publications and source records attributed to G Forche.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Arterial micropuncture. An advance in blood-gas analysis.

Worldwide, uncountable arterial macropunctures and cannulations are performed for blood-gas analysis. The associated complications are accepted as inevitable. 8,000 arterial micropunctures performed under controlled conditions show that this sampling method is not only simpler but also less traumatic and less susceptible to errors of method. As these advantages are not countered by any disadvantages, microsampling is suggested for general use.

Arteries↗
PubMed1985

Bronchodilators increase airway instability in cystic fibrosis.

Supramaximal flow transients of partial expiratory flow-volume curves are caused by a rapidly emptying compartment. By superimposing a maximal and a series of partial expiratory flow-volume curves, the volume of the flow transient equivalent for the maximal curve was estimated (volume of airway contribution = VACMEFV). This flow transient equivalent is caused by an extra dead space, created in the large airways by a full inspiration. In 18 children with cystic fibrosis (CF), routine pulmonary functions and VACMEFV were measured before and after bronchodilator medication. Baseline VACMEFV correlated directly with the curvilinearity of the flow-volume curve and inversely with the clinical and radiologic score. Significantly, bronchodilator medication improved FVC, FEV1, FEF25-75, VC, PEF, Raw, and also VACMEFV. In 6 children, VEmax25 increased as a result of apparent peripheral bronchodilation. In 3 others, end-expiratory flow increased slightly but the expanded VACMEFV included the measuring point invalidating the measurement. In the remaining 9 patients, VEmax25 decreased after bronchodilator. As an apparent discrepancy, FEV1, FVC, PEF, VC, FEF25-75 increased, and Raw decreased in 4 to 9 patients. The volumes and flow rates measured early in forced expiration and the end-expiratory flow behaved differently because VACMEFV expanded beyond the measuring points of early expiratory and mid-expiratory flow rates. As the bronchodilator rendered the compliant large airways still more distensible, the amount of air emptied from the dead space in early forced expiration increased. Simultaneously, end-expiratory flow decreased because of enhanced airway compression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Two-dimensional echocardiography using a subcostal approach in patients with COPD.

The aim of this study was to examine whether two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) using a subcostal window can provide reliable parameters for the assessment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fifteen patients with steady state COPD (mean age 58.8 +/- 7.7) and PAH (MPAP 37.2 +/- 15.2 mm Hg) were compared with 15 healthy control subjects, (mean age 30.5 +/- 4.6). The 2-DE examination was performed with a sectorscanner from the subcostal approach. Measurements were made of the inner and maximal end-diastolic dimensions of the tricuspid annulus (TA), the short axis of the right ventricle (RV), and the free right ventricular anterior wall (AW). The TA X RV + AW/body surface area (mm/m2, 2D-index) was 378.3 +/- 47.6 in control subjects vs 871.2 +/- 314.5 in patients provided the closest correlation with MPAP (r 0.9055, p less than 0.001). We conclude that these 2-DE parameters can quantify the morphologic changes of the right heart in COPD with PAH and are useful in the assessment of PAH.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Influence of drug therapy on bronchial hyperreactivity.

Bronchial hyperreactivity was confirmed in eleven nonselected patients with chronic respiratory disease during a period of quiescence by inhalative provocation with histamine. After one week's treatment with ketotifen a protective effect against the histamine-induced bronchospasm was observed in nine patients. The rapid appearance of this protective mechanism was demonstrated both in patients with exogenous and endogenous bronchial asthma and in the three patients with chronic bronchitis. Regardless of the fact that specific bronchospasmolysis is the main therapeutic measure, based on our experience the protective mechanism of mast-cell stabilizers as supplementary therapy is at present at an earlier point of time than is generally assumed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Cefazolin content in the gall bladder (author's transl)].

The concentration of cefazolin in the bile obtained by means of duodenoscopy was determined and compared with the values published as results of sampling by gall bladder puncture and T drains. The results obtained using this endoscopic procedure accorded with the results in the literature. When 1 g cefazolin was administered intravenously, high biliary levels of this drug with antibacterial activity were achieved. Our preliminary studies show that not only highly-sensitive gram-positive organisms, but also most of the E. coli Klebsiella and indol-negative proteus bacteria were affected when 1 g cefazolin was administered 3-4 times daily. These results will be reported later. Cefazolin (Gramaxin) represents a valuable addition to the chemotherapeutic agents available in combating infections of the gall bladder and the biliary duct system.

Bacterial Infections↗