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Biomedical subjects

G Frühbeck

Publications and source records attributed to G Frühbeck.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

A modified method for the indirect quantitative analysis of phytate in foodstuffs.

A simple, precise, and reproducible method to quantitatively assess total phytate content in foodstuffs has been developed. After HCl extraction, samples were run through an anion-exchange column and total phytate content of the eluates was spectrophotometrically measured with the modified Wade reagent. The main changes introduced in our procedure refer to pH adjustment in the extraction, dilution, and quantitation steps (pH 0.60, 6.00, and 3.00, respectively). Furthermore, the minimal extraction time for legumes (2 h) was determined. In addition, the effect of protein content on phytate determination was tested. Phytate content directly measured in crude extracts omitting anion-exchange chromatographic purification was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than values obtained using column separation, thus demonstrating that reliable phytate assessment in foodstuffs demands the utilization of anion-exchange chromatography.

Anions↗
PubMed1989

Effect of the raw legume Vicia ervilia on muscle and liver protein metabolism in growing rats.

Body weight gain (BWG), food intake, food efficiency rate (FER: food intake, g/protein intake, g), gastrocnemius muscle and liver weights, protein, RNA and DNA contents of gastrocnemius muscle and liver have been measured in growing rats (80-90 g initial body weight) fed ad libitum over a period of 11 days on 12.00% protein diets containing either heated and defatted Glycinae sojae (HSB) as control or the raw legume Vicia ervilia as the main sources of protein. It has been found that, as compared to HSB-fed rats, those fed the legume Vicia ervilia diet exhibited a significant reduction in growth, PER, FER, as well as, in RNA-activity (protein, g/day/RNA, g) and RNA/DNA ratio in both muscle and liver. Protein synthesis capacity (PSC:RNA, microgram/protein, mg), was found significantly increased in liver but not in muscle. The possible nature of these findings is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of feeding raw legumes on intestinal absorption: a short review.

This review summarizes some of our own results relating with the effect of feeding raw legume diets on the intestinal absorption of sugars and amino acids. As compared to control well-fed animals, both in vivo and in vitro intestinal transport of these substrates are significantly inhibited in legume-fed rats and chickens.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of anabolic agents on muscle protein metabolism in growing rats treated with glucocorticoids: a short review.

This short review summarizes some of our own results on the effect of glucocorticoids and androgens on the rate of muscle protein turnover as measured by the urinary output of 3-methyl-histidine and 14C-tyrosine constant infusion methods. While high doses of glucocorticoids reduced muscle mass by both increasing protein breakdown and reducing protein synthesis rates, androgens do raise muscle protein by increasing protein synthesis. It is suggested that the anabolic action of androgens could be mediated by their interaction with the glucocorticoid-receptor complex.

Androgens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nutrition, energy balance, and obesity].

Energy supply from foods and drinks depends upon carbohydrate, protein, lipid and alcohol content. Cells obtain the energy through a complex and integrated system of physico-chemical processes. The energy value of foods is applied for ATP formation, but also for nutrient utilization and turnover. Net energy from foods is expended for basal metabolism, thermic effect of food and physical activity. Total energy expenditure for human beings is displayed in different lists developed by national and international organisms and institutions. Energy balance and body weight are narrowly interrelated as well as body composition, which depends also of age, sex, exercise and neuroendocrine status. Obesity, is known as an excessive deposition of fat for height, and it is associated with cancer, dislipemias, endocrine abnormalities, diabetes, etc. Recent advances suggest that genetic and neuroendocrine factors are more involved in obesity rather than gluttony or sloth as previously reported.

Body Composition↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in obesity: a conspirator in the shadow].

The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is caused by upper airway collapse during sleep. These episodes are associated with recurrent oxyhaemoglobin desaturations and arousals which lead to disruption of the sleep pattern and cognitive deterioration. Factors such as age, male sex, menopause, tobacco and alcohol consumption and anatomic abnormalities are demonstrated risk factors for OSAS development. Obesity, specially of abdominal type, is also a very strong predictor of OSAS, increasing the risk of apnoea by ten times. OSAS prevalence may reach 80% and 50% en males and females with morbid obesity respectively. OSAS induces sympathoexcitation, insulin resistance, renin-angiotensin system activation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulability and reduction of fibrinolysis leading to hypertension and increased cardiovascular risk. The best diagnostic procedure is polysomnography. Obesity treatment is followed by a dramatic improvement in OSAS. Weight loss of 10% results in reductions of apnoea index by 26%. Application of a positive pressure system is a very effective treatment for OSAS which reduces the apnoea index and improves cardiovascular risk and cognitive impairment.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗