PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Franklin

Publications and source records attributed to G Franklin.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Occupational injuries among minors doing farm work in Washington State: 1986 to 1989.

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that many children are injured while engaged in agricultural work. However, little specific information on farm work-related injuries among minors is available, probably because employment or workers' compensation data for children are hard to obtain. METHODS: Workers' compensation data were used to evaluate occupational injuries among children in Washington State from 1986 through 1989. The frequency and severity of injuries among minors doing farm work were compared with the distributions of injuries among minors working in food service and all other occupations by year of injury, age of injury, and month and hour of injury. RESULTS: A total of 16,481 claims filed by children under age 18 were evaluated. Although farm workers accounted for only 7% of all claims, they made up 36% of claims filed by children under age 14, and 17% of claims filed by children aged 14 or 15. Injuries classified as serious accounted for 26% of farm worker claims compared with only 16% of all claims filed by children. CONCLUSIONS: Although injury rates could not be developed owing to the lack of denominator data, this study demonstrates that farm work is dangerous for young children.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

Discoordinate expression of the yeast mitochondrial ribosomal protein MRP1.

We have examined expression of the protein coded within the MRP 1 locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Direct evidence is provided for the assignment of the MRP1 gene product as a protein component of the small subunit of mitochondrial ribosomes. Further studies examined the extent to which the expression of the MRP1 protein is coordinated with the expression of other mitochondrial ribosomal components coded in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Extra copies of the MRP1 gene were introduced into yeast cells to perturb expression from MRP1 relative to other mitochondrial ribosomal components to determine whether forms of regulation function to limit the accumulation of either MRP1 mRNA or protein under these conditions. Increases in MRP1 gene dosage were accompanied by substantial increases in both MRP1 mRNA and protein, indicating that their accumulation was not linked to the level of expression of other mitochondrial ribosomal components. This conclusion was confirmed by additional studies that showed that the accumulation of the MRP1 protein was unaffected in cells that did not express mitochondrially-encoded rRNAs. These results contrast with previous studies on the expression of two other mitochondrial ribosomal proteins indicating that regulatory properties of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are quite diverse.

Genes, Fungal↗
PubMed1990

The multiple meanings of neutrality.

Throughout the evolution of psychoanalysis, its theories and methods have been deeply influenced by ideas about psychoanalytic neutrality. However, considerable dissension has surrounded the concept of neutrality. This paper defines five distinct categories of neutrality the author considers relevant to all theoretical perspectives on psychoanalysis: behavioral, attitudinal, interpersonal, interactional, and essential.

Ego↗
PubMed1989

Intravenous glucose tolerance and pancreatic islet beta-cell function in patients with multiple sclerosis during 2-yr treatment with cyclosporin.

Cyclosporin is an immunosuppressive drug used with increasing frequency in patients with diabetes mellitus both as experimental primary therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and as therapy accompanying pancreatic transplantation. However, reports have appeared contending that cyclosporin causes glucose intolerance and inhibits pancreatic islet beta-cell function. Consequently, concern has been raised that the beneficial effects of immunosuppression may be offset by adverse metabolic effects of the drug. To address this issue, we examined intravenous glucose tolerance and pancreatic islet beta-cell function in a group of nondiabetic multiple sclerosis patients before and during a 2-yr course of cyclosporin or placebo therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the two drug groups and followed in a double-blind manner. Basal levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide as well as glucose disappearance rates and pancreatic islet beta-cell function after stimulation with intravenous glucose and arginine were determined immediately before therapy and after 3 wk, 6 mo, 1 yr, and 2 yr of therapy. No abnormalities in these parameters were observed in the cyclosporin of the placebo-treated group. It appears that cyclosporin can be give in conventional doses for as long as 2 yr without encountering evidence for impaired glucose homeostasis. However, whether adverse effects will materialize over longer periods of drug use remains a question.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion during chronic treatment with cyclosporin in nondiabetic humans.

Cyclosporin or placebo was administered in a randomized, double-blind fashion to 13 patients with multiple sclerosis for 1 yr to determine whether cyclosporin adversely affects glucose homeostasis or beta-cell function. No significant differences were observed in fasting glucose, fasting insulin, intravenous glucose tolerance, or glucose-induced insulin secretion before treatment or at 3 wk, 6 mo, or 1 yr during treatment. Longer therapeutic trials with larger patient groups will be necessary to decide whether cyclosporin can be safely given for many years without risk of developing diabetes mellitus.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1988

Assessment of biological activity of synthetic fragments of transforming growth factor-alpha.

Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) is a single chain polypeptide hormone of 50 amino acids that stimulates growth of some human cancer cells via an autocrine mechanism. The domain(s) of TGF-alpha that bind and activate its receptor have not been reported. Hydrophilicity plots of TGF-alpha indicate three discrete sequences that are theoretically exposed on the hormone's surface and thus potentially able to interact with the TGF-alpha receptor. Fragments of TGF-alpha encompassing these hydrophilic domains were prepared by using solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) techniques and purified by use of high performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). Assessment of biological activity of the TGF-alpha fragments indicated that none of the fragments significantly inhibited binding of EGF to the receptor, stimulated DNA synthesis of cells, inhibited EGF-induced DNA synthesis of cells, stimulated growth of cells in soft agar, or induced phosphorylation of the receptor or p35 protein. These results indicate that the receptor binding domain of TGF-alpha is not totally encompassed by any of the separate fragments tested and probably is formed by multiple separate regions of TGF-alpha.

Amino Acid Sequence↗