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Biomedical subjects

G Frithz

Publications and source records attributed to G Frithz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Antianginal and anti-ischemic efficacy of nicorandil compared with nifedipine in patients with angina pectoris and coronary heart disease: a double-blind, randomized, multicenter study.

Patients with stable, effort-induced angina pectoris and a typical combination of anginal pain and ischemic ST depression in exercise tolerance tests were randomized to treatment for 8 weeks with nicorandil (a newly developed antianginal and anti-ischemic drug) or nifedipine. After 4 weeks, the dosage of nicorandil was increased from 10 mg b.i.d. to 20 mg b.i.d., but the recommended dosage of nifedipine, 20 mg b.i.d., was kept constant during the study period. Double-blind treatment was preceded by a 2-week prephase during which patients were treated with isosorbide dinitrate. During the study period, patients were asked to report the rate of anginal attacks and consumption of sublingual nitroglycerin. Measurements of blood pressure and heart rate at rest and during exercise always were performed 2 h after drug intake. Fifty-eight patients were randomized--29 to nicorandil and 29 to nifedipine. There were large individual variations in anginal attack rates, which makes group comparisons difficult, but in the nicorandil group, the anginal attack rate decreased significantly compared with baseline frequency. Systolic blood pressure at rest was reduced significantly only with the highest dose of nicorandil, but nifedipine had a significant effect on both systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as on the heart rate. Both treatments significantly increased exercise duration, time to onset of angina pectoris, and time to 1-mm ST depression. In the nicorandil group, an improvement was noted with the 20-mg dose compared with the 10-mg dose, but no significant differences were noted between the nicorandil and nifedipine groups after either 4 or 8 weeks of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Decreased erythrocyte cholesterol/phospholipid ratio in untreated patients with essential hypertension.

The erythrocyte cholesterol/phospholipid ratio was determined in eight patients with untreated essential hypertension and compared with that of eight age-matched control subjects. The ratio was significantly lower in patients (Wilcoxon's paired rank test; P less than 0.01), and a correlation existed between the ratio and serum cholesterol concentration in patients (r = 0.63) but not in controls (r = 0.02). A reduction in the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio may play a direct role in destabilizing the plasma membrane, which will in turn result in an increase in membrane permeability in essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Inhibition of Zn(2+)-dependent ATPase in prostasome membrane by nonsaturated, long-chain fatty acids.

Arachidonic and oleic acids, opposite to stearic and palmitic acids, at concentrations near 10(-5) mol/l markedly inhibited Zn(2+)-dependent ATPase in human prostasome membranes. Arachidonic acid was somewhat more potent as inhibitor than oleic acid and the involvement of the metabolites of arachidonic acid cascade was less probable. Deoxycholate, an anionic biological detergent, produced a similar inhibitory effect although at a much higher concentration. The restraining role of nonsaturated, long-chain fatty acids on sperm motility in human semen is discussed in terms of their established inhibitory action on prostasome ATPase systems.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1991

Phospholipase A activity in seminal plasma of men attending an infertility clinic.

Seminal plasma from 40 men attending an infertility clinic was analyzed for phospholipase A activity and compared with serum from 20 healthy blood donors. The imprecision of the method was acceptable and the overall coefficient of variation was 8.1%. A huge discrepancy existed between seminal plasma and blood serum with regard to phospholipase A activity, the former fluid displaying on average a 180-fold higher activity than the latter. Preincubation of seminal plasma for 1 h at 37 degrees C resulted in an even higher phospholipase A activity while the corresponding activity in serum remained unchanged by such a treatment. This suggested the existence of a zymogen form of phospholipase A in seminal plasma. A significant correlation existed between sperm concentration and phospholipase A activity in seminal plasma (r = 0.46; p less than 0.01) and preincubated seminal plasma samples from normozoospermic men displayed a significantly higher mean value than those of azoospermic men. Phospholipase A activity also correlated significantly to zinc concentration in seminal plasma (r = 0.67; p less than 0.001). 4-Bromophenacyl bromide was inhibitory to a certain extent, the inhibition being most evident in the samples with high phospholipase A activity. Dibucaine and quinacrine, known phospholipase inhibitors in other systems, had no inhibitory effects. Only 58% of the seminal plasma samples contained measurable amounts of triglycerides. No significant correlation existed between triglyceride concentration and phospholipase A activity, r = 0.11.

Acetophenones↗
PubMed1990

Increased whole blood viscosity combined with decreased erythrocyte fluidity in untreated patients with essential hypertension.

Erythrocyte fluidity and other haemorheological variables were studied in 22 patients with essential hypertension and compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Hypertensive patients displayed a significantly lower erythrocyte fluidity (P less than 0.001). Similarly, significantly elevated values for haematocrit, plasma and whole blood viscosity, as well as aggregation tendency were observed compared to controls. Although differing in these respects from controls, there were no obvious relationships between these rheological variables and either systolic or diastolic blood pressure. The significantly lower erythrocyte fluidity and other changes in haemorheological variables of red blood cells found in hypertensive patients may be explained by an enlarged metabolic pool of free calcium ions in these red blood cells. It is suggested that the molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of essential hypertension are multifactorial rather than being based on a single molecular derangement. Primary events resulting in altered physicochemical properties of the red blood cells may work in concert in the development of essential hypertension, in addition to the increased availability of calcium ions and their potential role in smooth muscle contraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Improved blood pressure control with isradipine in hypertensive patients treated with pindolol.

Isradipine is a new calcium antagonist of the dihydropyridine type with marked vasodilator activity and minimal negative inotropic effects. It is a potent antihypertensive drug when given as monotherapy. This was a randomized double-blind crossover study of 16 weeks' duration, including 80 hypertensive patients with diastolic blood pressures of at least 95 mm Hg who had shown clinically relevant antihypertensive responses, but no normalization of blood pressure during pindolol 10 to 15 mg once daily as monotherapy. Either isradipine or placebo was added to the beta-blocker at doses of either 2.5 mg or 5 mg twice daily, which was doubled after four weeks if the diastolic blood pressure remained more than 90 mm Hg. The addition of isradipine (in either dose regimen) caused a pronounced reduction of blood pressure with no changes in heart rate. Five patients were withdrawn from the study because of adverse events while receiving isradipine compared with three taking placebo. A further three patients withdrew from the study because of adverse events (one patient) or lack of efficacy (two patients) during placebo treatment. These results indicate that isradipine is an effective and well-tolerated adjunct to beta-blockers in hypertensive patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of pindolol on changes in serum lipids induced by hydrochlorthiazide.

Forty-two patients with essential hypertension, WHO I-II, and a diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 100 mm Hg, were initially given 25 mg hydrochlorthiazide alone. After treatment for 3 months 10 mg pindolol was also given to 16 of them as the diastolic blood pressure had not been reduced to less than or equal to 90 mm Hg. After 3 months treatment on hydrochlorthiazide alone there was a significant increase in serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, and a decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, and this pattern persisted after a further 3 months on the single drug regimen. In contrast, in those patients who received additional treatment with pindolol after the first 3 months, there was a significant decrease in the low density lipoprotein cholesterol and an increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol during the following 3 months. Thus, the addition of pindolol to hydrochlorthiazide therapy appeared to reverse the negative effects on the lipid profile induced by the diuretic alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Reversible brain cell damage due to hypoglycemia in a patient with insulinoma.

A case of an insulinoma with hypoglycemic attacks accompanied by episodes of unconsciousness in a 57-year-old woman is described. During the hypoglycemic spells the level of adenylate kinase (AK) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was elevated 6-fold above the normalized level obtained later from the patient being in a normoglycemic condition. CSF-AK was previously found to be a sensitive marker of subtle brain cell damage due to hypoxia. The increased efflux of AK into CSF during the insulinoma-induced hypoglycemia was most probably the result of a brain cell injury caused by shortage of glycolytic fuel.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1986

Dose-effect relationship and long-term effects of bisoprolol in mild to moderate hypertension.

In an initial double-blind randomized study with three parallel groups, 48 patients, mean age 49.6 years (32-65 years), with hypertension WHO I-II, were given bisoprolol in doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg. Bisoprolol is a new beta 1-selective beta-blocking agent with a plasma half-life of 10-12 h and without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA). After the initial 8 weeks, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) measured at rest and during exercise 24 h after last drug intake showed a significant decrease for all three parameters in all three treatment groups. There were no differences in efficacy between the 5 and 10 mg doses of bisoprolol, whereas 20 mg was significantly more effective than both 5 mg (p less than 0.01) and 10 mg (p less than 0.05). After 10 months of treatment with dose adjustments up or down, the reduction of SBP, DBP, and HR at rest and during exercise remained unchanged. One patient had an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and died during the study; another patient had a car accident in which he got asphyxial cerebral lesions and could not complete the study. Twelve patients spontaneously expressed side effects of the kind normally seen in treatment with beta-blocking agents. Three of them complained of cold hands and feet, and one of them was unable to complete the study. The rest of the adverse effects were mild, and 45 patients completed the long-term study. Laboratory safety tests were normal, and there were no significant changes in the lipoprotein patterns (cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

Long-term effects of bisoprolol on blood pressure, serum lipids, and HDL-cholesterol in patients with essential hypertension.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of continuous therapy with bisoprolol on blood pressure, serum lipids, and HDL-cholesterol over a period of 10 months following an initial 3-month titration and short-term treatment period. The results of the short-term study have been presented in a separate report. Forty-two patients entered into this long-term study, and 41 of them completed the 10-month treatment period. The mean supine blood pressure was 134/85 mm Hg at the end of the short-term study and was maintained at 137/85 mm Hg after 10 months on bisoprolol. At the end of the study, all patients but one had a supine diastolic blood pressure of less than or equal to 90 mm Hg with a dose of 2.5-40 mg bisoprolol. Three of the patients required concomitant use of hydrochlorothiazide to keep this pressure level. A small but statistically significant increase in serum triglycerides was observed from the start of the titration period to the end of the long-term study. Within each study, the changes were not significant. No significant changes were observed for total cholesterol, or for low density lipoprotein (LDL)- or high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. The side effects were rare and the usual for beta-blockers.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1979

Increased red cell content of Zn2+ in essential hypertension.

The zinc content in plasma as well as in erythrocytes was studied in 61 patients with untreated essential hypertension. They displayed an intraerythrocytic mean value of Zn2+ of 128.2 micromoles/l intracellular water, which is significantly higher than the corresponding mean of 101.5 micromoles/l from 42 normal persons. In plasma, on the other hand, the mean zinc value of the hypertensive persons was 15.2 micromoles/l plasma, i.e. well within the normal range of plasma Zn2+. Possible mechanisms underlying the elevated red cell zinc level in hypertension are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Adenylate kinase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic and certain other psychiatric symptomatologies.

Adenylate kinase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was investigated in 29 patients with psychiatric symptomatologies. Such activity was demonstrated in 18 of the 19 individuals with schizophrenic or other psychotic or borderline psychotic symptomatology. No activity was seen in the remaining 10 patients with non-psychotic nervous and/or functional somatic complaints, nor in the 20 persons whose CSF was examined in connection with spinal anaesthesia, nor in four who were treated with neuroleptic drugs on nonpsychiatric indications. The findings are compatible with the assumption that in persons with psychotic or borderline psychotic symptomatology a lowered membrane electrochemical potential may be associated with some of the symptoms exhibited.

Adenylate Kinase↗
PubMed1979

Adenylate kinase activity and glutathione concentration of cerebrospinal fluid in different neurological disorders.

Adenylate kinase activity and glutathione concentration were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 64 consecutive patients admitted for various neurological disorders. These two analyses were performed in addition to conventional examination of the CSF. Neurological symptoms most probably connected in some cases with no and in others with only subtle changes in the central nervous system were linked to no or only moderate activities of adenylate kinase together with no glutathione. 1 patient with meningioma had no adenylate kinase activity at all while 3 patients with malignant brain tumours showed clear activities similar to 3 patients with well established diagnoses of multiple sclerosis. On the contrary, glutathione was absent in CSF of the patients with brain tumours and multiple sclerosis. Various cerebrovascular diseases involving larger areas of the brain tissue resulted in clear adenylate kinase activities in CSF either alone as in 11 of the patients with cerebral infarction or in combination with the appearance of also glutathione as in the remaining 7 patients with cerebral infarction as well as in the 14 patients studied with hemorrhages of the brain.

Adenylate Kinase↗
PubMed1978

Dose-ranging study of the new beta-adrenergic antagonist nadolol in the treatment of essential hypertension.

A preliminary, single-blind, dose-ranging study was carried out in 30 patients with essential hypertension to assess the efficacy of nadolol, a new beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent without intrinsic sympathomimetic action and with an extremely long plasma half-life. After a 2-week period on placebo, patients were treated for 14 weeks with daily doses of 40 mg nadolol (20 mg twice daily). Dosage was increased every second week up to a maximum of 560 mg daily or until the patient was stabilized at an effective normotensive dose level. The results showed that at the end of the trial period there was a significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (approximately 34/21 mmHg) at an average daily dose of 110 mg nadolol. Apart from a tendency to bradycardia, explained by the drug's lack of sympathomimetic action, no other side-effects attributable to treatment were reported and no patient complained of sleep disturbance.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Human red cell content of cyclic nucleotides and cations upon beta-adrenergic blockade.

The content of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP, cGMP) and Mg2+, Zn2+,Na+ and K+ was determined in human erythrocytes and after beta-adrenergic blockade in healthy individuals. The figures for cAMP and cGMP were 4.20 and 3.36 nmoles/ l intracellular volume, respectively. Only slight effects on the cyclic nucleotide content as well as on cation content were seen upon beta-blockade in the erythrocytes. It is concluded that the single determination of red cell cAMP is not a sufficient indicator of beta-adrenergic blockade. The determination of cAMP in combination with cGMP, Zn2+ and Na+ might reflect a beta-adrenergic blockade.

Adolescent↗