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Biomedical subjects

G G Bole

Publications and source records attributed to G G Bole.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Continuing education in rheumatoid arthritis for the primary care physician.

An educational program in rheumatoid arthritis was developed for primary care practitioners. This program is community based and utilizes physicians, identified by their peers as being influential, for the dissemination of information. A marked change in knowledge has been noted in those completing the program, but further followup is needed to determine if a change in the care of patients with rheumatoid arthritis will also result.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1978

Prolonged lifespan and high incidence of neoplasms in NZB/NZW mice treated with hydrocortisone sodium succinate.

This study investigated the effects of prolonged corticosteroid therapy on the course of spontaneous autoimmune disease and oncogenesis in NZB/NZW mice, an animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Twenty young female NZB/NZW mice were treated until death with low-dose hydrocortisone sodium succinate (3.3 mg/kg/day), and 21 mice received high-dose hydrocortisone (10 mg/kg/day). Fifteen control mice were injected with saline. Long-term therapy with either dose of hydrocortisone effectively prevented renal disease and prolonged lifespans in NZB/NZW mice. Fifty-six percent of low-dose treated animals developed neoplasms, and 38% of mice in this treatment group died with renal disease. Neoplasms caused death in 76% of mice receiving high-dose treatment. Long-term hydrocortisone therapy was associated with a predominance of sarcomas, which appeared in aged mice after a long period of treatment. In earlier studies conducted in this laboratory, cyclophosphamide treatment prolonged life in NZB/NZW mice. Ninety-seven percent of cyclophosphamide-treated mice developed neoplasms; most tumors were lymphomas or carcinomas. It was concluded that neoplasms occur commonly in old NZB/NZW mice with lives prolonged by immunosuppressive or antiinflammatory drugs. Nevertheless, the specific therapeutic agent used in each study influenced the types of neoplasms appearing in treated mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Radiological features of mixed connective tissue disease and scleroderma--systemic lupus erythematosus overlap.

The radiological, clinical, and laboratory features found in seven patients with scleroderma-SLE overlap, including three with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), are described. There were no distinctive roentgenographic features which differentiated those with MCTD from the others with a clinical overlap syndrome of scleroderma and SLE. When features of both coexist in a single patient the radiologist may be the first to suggest the correct diagnosis of overlap syndrome of MCTD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Antibodies to components of extractable nuclear antigen. Clinical characteristics of patients.

Forty-four patients with antibodies to ribonuclease-sensitive extractable nuclear antigen (ENA), ribonuclease-resistant ENA, or both, are described. Most patients with antiribonucleoprotein (anti-RNP) antibodies have overlapping features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), and polymyositis, and have a low incidence of nephritis. Most patients with antibody solely to ribonuclease-insensitive ENA have SLE; these patients with SLE are typical of the general SLE population, except that they demonstrate an increased incidence of Raynaud phenomenon. Furthermore, it is shown that antibody to ENA may occur in other rheumatic and nonrheumatic diseases, and that not all patients who have a clinical overlap of SLE and PSS that is suggestive of mixed connective tissue disease have anti-RNP antibody.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1976

Suppressed hetergeneous antinuclear antibody response in lymphomabearing NZB/NZW mice.

A long-term study of cyclophophamide-induced suppression of auto-immune disease in NZB/NZW mice demonstrated the oncogenic potential of this alkylating agent. In seven of ten mice dying with lymphomas, retrospective examination of serial tests for heterogeneous ANA showed terminal decreases of titres or reversion of tests to negative. Suppressed titres were found in one of seven mice dying with other tumours and in four of twenty-nine mice succumbing to renal disease-vasculitis. Transplantation studies confirmed the association between growing lymphoma tissue and decreasing ANA titres. In the immunosuppressed host with connective tissue disease, the loss of certain auto-antibodies may signal development of a lymphoreticular neoplasm. Tumour-induced impairment of auto-immune responsiveness may reflect the loss of specific ANA that fulfil a protective role and inhibit neoplastic growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Biological properties of a granuloma glycoprotein that inhibits macrophage phagocytosis.

The biological activity of a purified glycoprotein inhibitor isolated from mature (42-day) polyvinyl sponge granulomas on macrophage phagocytosis was examined under a variety of in vitro conditions. Its activity was compared with partially purified inhibitor isolated from young (14-day) sponge granulomas. Experiments were conducted to define the mechanism of action of the inhibitor protein, and to differentiate it from other substances known to affect macrophage function. Inhibitor activity was demonstrated in neutral salt-soluble extracts from open wound granulation tissue, guinea pig and NZB/NZW mouse spleen, and acute-phase guinea pig serum. Fresh guinea pig serum and extracts of normal guinea pig tissues did not contain inhibitor material. Immunofluorescent studies demonstrated that the inhibitor was localized in or on a subpopulation of mononuclear cells within the sponge granuloma.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Drug inhibition of ecto-ATPase and of phagocytosis in leukocytes.

Substituted phenothiazines and tricyclic antidepressants which inhibited the ecto-ATPase in leukocytes also markedly decreased the phagocytic activity of these cells. In affecting either the enzyme or phagocytosis the order of potency of the drugs was similar. Various other CNS drugs were ineffective. The results suggest possible involvement of ecto-ATPase in the phagocytic process, and indicate adverse effects of the aforelisted drugs on the host defense system against foreign materials, including microbes.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1976

Midline granuloma and Wegener's granulomatosis: clinical & therapeutic considerations.

Midline granuloma (MG), limited Wegener's granulomatosis (LWG), and generalized Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) have been viewed by some investigators as representing an interrelated disease spectrum. Others believe that MG and WG are two distinct clinicopathologic entities. A series of cases is presented suggesting that therapy of MG should be individualized. Treatment may include corticosteroids, high-dose irradiation, and/or immunosuppressive drugs. LWG may be treated initially with corticosteroids alone, but lack of response requires the addition of an immunosuppressive agent. WG should be treated with an immunosuppressive drug and, at times, corticosteroids as well. None of the cases of MG described in this report progressed to WG. This may be interpreted as supporting the contention that MG and WG are separate diseases. Alternatively, aggressive treatment of MG with irradiation or immunosuppressives may prevent its transition to more generalized disease.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1975

Polyarthritis associated with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia.

Twelve patients had undiagnosed articular disease associated with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Objective joint findings involved both large and small joints. Disease was bilateral but asymmetrical and oligoarticular. Synovitis was midly inflammatory and persistent rather than episodic in natrue, and disability was minimal. Serial slinical, laboratory, and radiographic assessment excluded other currently recognized forms of rheumatic disease. Joint radiographs demonstrated large metaphyseal and epiphyseal cysts in five patients. Synovioanalysis and synovial biopsy results are reported in two patients. These cases appear to constitute a clinically homogeneous group. The concurrence of a distinctive articular syndrome and type IV hyperlipoproteinemia suggests a possible causal relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Isolation and chemical characterization of a granuloma glycoprotein that inhibits macrophage phagocytosis.

A saline soluble glycoprotein isolated from 14- and 42-day polyvinyl sponge granulomas was shown to depress in vitro phagocytosis by peritoneal macrophages. The glycoprotein had no effect on polymorphonuclear phagocytosis. Chemical and physical characterization of the inhibitor protein obtained from mature (42-day) granulomas developed in guinea pigs indicated that the protein had a molecular weight of 48,500 and an isoelectric point of 5.3. It was homogeneous when examined in three polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoretic buffer systems. The carbohydrate and amino acid content of the protein are reported. The chemical and physical characteristics of the inhibitor protein suggest that it is of nonserum origin. It is postulated that the glycoprotein inhibitor from chronic granulation tissue may participate in regulation of mononuclear phagocyte (macrophage) function within a local inflammatory focus.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Prognostic factors in polyarteritis.

The clinical course of 40 patients with polyarteritis was reviewed to determine prognostic factors and response to treatment. The first three months were the most critical to survival. Survivorship was 57 per cent at five years. Older age of onset, involvement of skeletal muscle and presence of peripheral neuropathy weighted against a satisfactory outcome. Cutaneous vasculitis was associated with a more benign course. Myocardial disease, central nervous system involvement, or hypertension were not invariably poor prognostic factors. Muscle biopsies, even in the absence of clinical involvement, were a useful diagnostic procedure, and renal angiograms were found to be a valuable alternative to renal biopsy. An unequivocal distinction on clinical and histopathologic criteria could not be made among polyarteritis nodosa, hypersentitivity angiitis, and allergic granulomatosis. Australia antigenemia occurred in six per cent of patients. Although evaluation of therapy was difficult, data from this study did not show a superiority of high vs. low dosage of corticosteroids in suppressing active disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selective suppression of autoantibody responses in NZB/NZW mice treated with long-term cyclophosphamide.

Autoimmune responses were assayed in 80 cyclophosphamide-treated and control NZB/NZW mice over a period of 1 year. Fluctuation between positive and negative immunofluorescent heterogeneous ANA tests and daily alterations of ANA titers were detected in young mice of both sexes. Although high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy (8 mg/kg/day) failed to prevent the spontaneous appearance of ANA, titered ANA values were partially suppressed in high-dose treated mice. This study permitted sequential comparisons between ANA titers and anti-DNA as useful indices of cyclophosphamide-induced suppression of autoimmune disease. ANA titers were relatively resistant to cyclophosphamide therapy. Antibodies directed specifically against DNA were suppressed mice receiving high-dose cyclophosphamide. In treated animals, decreased anti-DNA levels were associated with protection from severe glomerulonephritis and renal vasculitis. Treatment with low-dose cyclophosphamide (1 mg/kg/day) appeared paradoxically to stimulate autoantibody production and renal disease/vasculitis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and rheumatoid arthritis: simultaneous occurrence in association with diffuse interstitial fibrosis.

A patient is described who was treated with high-dose prednisone in an attempt to halt progressive respiratory insufficiency associated with diffuse interstitial fibrosis. On cessation of steroid therapy the patient was noted to have radiologic manifestations of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) as well as clinical and laboratory features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Subsequently a diffuse vasculitis developed with bowel perforation and sepsis leading to death.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Frequency of neoplasia in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

A patient population admitted to the hospital for either SLE or RA was surveyed for the subsequent development of neoplasms. The frequency of neoplasm in SLE patients appeared to be exaggerated, whereas the frequency of subsequent neoplasm in rheumatoid patients was unexpectedly low. A paucity of nephritis in the SLE group was noted. Further reports are encouraged so that the magnitude of the risk of malignancy developing with immunosuppressive therapy can be more precisely ascertained.

Adult↗