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Biomedical subjects

G Gaisie

Publications and source records attributed to G Gaisie.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Laryngeal penetration: a predictor of aspiration in infants?

BACKGROUND: We routinely observed "isolated" laryngeal penetration (ILP) on upper GI studies in infants with no risk for aspiration. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether "isolated" LP (LP during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing) is a benign process in infants and therefore not a predictor of aspiration as it is known to be in adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed videotaped upper GI studies done over a 2-year period on patients less than 2 years of age. A total of 110 studies was reviewed, which produced a study group of 34 patients who had no history or clinical suspicion for swallowing dysfunction. RESULTS: Of the 34 patients in the group, 33 demonstrated ILP without radiographic or clinical evidence of aspiration. CONCLUSION: ILP is a benign, normal process in infants likely due to immaturity of the swallowing mechanism. It is not a reliable predictor of aspiration as it is in adults.

Deglutition↗
PubMed1997

Adrenal calcification: an incidental finding or not?

When the adrenal gland is calcified but no mass is found, the calcification is usually assumed to be due to prior adrenal hemorrhage. We report a case of adrenal calcification without a noncalcified mass in a child who subsequently presented with neuroblastoma elsewhere. This case has implications for the investigation of children with adrenal calcification.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1993

Radiographic characteristics of isolated invaginated Meckel's diverticulum.

A 3-year-old boy with a radiographic finding of an isolated invaginated Meckel's diverticulum is presented. The abnormality simulates a polypoid filling defect in the distal small bowel on barium examination. This particular manifestation of Meckel's diverticulum is very rare and has been reported only once previously. This article re-emphasizes the need to think about this possibility when a polypoid filling defect is seen in the distal small bowel. At the time laparotomy was performed, the abnormality had progressed into a triple intussusception, a rare surgical finding.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

The echogenic ependymal wall in intraventricular hemorrhage: sonographic-pathologic correlation.

Fifty-one patients with ultrasound diagnosis of intraventricular hemorrhage (Grades III and IV) were studied retrospectively for the presence of ependymal echogenicity. The sonographic findings were then correlated with histologic findings in six autopsy cases. Forty-one out of fifty-one newborns with intraventricular hemorrhage developed ependymal echogenicity on serial ultrasound studies. This echogenicity appeared approximately seven days after the hemorrhagic event and usually disappeared in about six weeks. Histologic examination revealed disruptions in the ependyma with proliferation and extension of subependymal glial cells onto the ventricular surface in those cases in which ependymal echogenicity was present at the time of death. This layer of proliferating subependymal glial cells may account for the ependymal echogenicity.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1990

Increased renal parenchymal echogenicity: causes in pediatric patients.

The authors discuss some of the diseases that cause increased echogenicity of the renal parenchyma on sonograms in children. The illustrated cases include patients with more common diseases, such as nephrotic syndrome and glomerulonephritis, and those with rarer diseases, such as oculocerebrorenal syndrome. Hyperechogenicity is a nonspecific finding but a significant one in that it suggests the presence of renal abnormalities. When it is demonstrated, further investigation is usually warranted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Radiologic management of fluid collections in children.

Percutaneous catheter drainage procedures have become widely accepted in the management of intraabdominal fluid collections in adults. We report our experience in 12 children with 15 fluid collections who underwent 22 procedures and emphasize the usefulness of this procedure in the pediatric population. Thirteen fluid collections were cured by the procedure. One collection improved with the procedure but needed definitive surgical correction to effect a cure. One other patient with an intestinal fistula did not respond. The complicated nature of many of our cases coupled with the high cure rate (87%) and low complication rate (4.5%) makes percutaneous drainage an excellent alternative to surgical drainage under general anesthesia.

Abscess↗
PubMed1987

Wilms tumor occurring as a botryoid renal pelvicalyceal mass.

Wilms tumor usually occurs as an abdominal mass arising from the renal parenchyma. A case was encountered in which the neoplasm filled the pelvicalyceal system of an 8-year-old boy as a botryoid mass, with minimal parenchymal involvement. The radiologic manifestations, pathologic features, and surgical implications are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Computerized tomography and ultrasonographic findings in massive thymic hyperplasia. Case discussion and review of current concepts.

Massive thymic hyperplasia in the neonate and young infant can be difficult to diagnose. Differentiation from neoplastic lesions may require thoracotomy for a pathologic specimen. We review a case in a 15-month-old child referred to our institution and discuss the radiographic, ultrasound, and computerized tomographic features of hyperplastic thymic tissue. We review current concepts of the hyperplastic thymus as an anterior mediastinal mass in infancy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1985

Neonatal intestinal obstruction from omphalomesenteric duct remnants.

Three cases of omphalomesenteric band obstruction in early infancy with various radiographic presentations, including intermittent obstruction in one, are reported. Small-bowel volvulus was found in all three patients at surgery. One case progressed to bowel necrosis with portal venous gas. A survey of the mode of presentation, surgical findings, and pathology of 135 published cases of intestinal obstruction in children demonstrates that a closed loop, with or without volvulus, is the most common complication of remnant bands.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Pediatric urologic radiology. Intervention and endourology.

Over the past 10 years new imaging and interventional techniques have drastically changed the ease and scope of urologic diagnosis and treatment. It is both rewarding and exciting to approach each clinical problem with a broad armamentarium of available studies, always seeking the most efficient and direct route to diagnosis. Similarly, radiologic interventional techniques are potentially applicable to a multitude of problems and should be innovatively considered in the urologic patient including patients in the pediatric age group.

Abscess↗
PubMed1984

Mesenteric cyst: sonographic appearance with CT correlation.

Two cases of mesenteric cysts are reported. Realtime ultrasound demonstrated the typical appearance of well-defined, anechoic masses. In addition, a solid appearance with a honeycomb pattern of internal echos was observed in one case. The other case had the appearance of loculated, septated ascites. Ultrasound and CT correlation are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Calcified mediastinal lymph nodes in Hodgkin's disease.

Four new cases of calcified mediastinal lymph nodes in Hodgkin's Disease in children are reported. Calcifications appeared 13 months to 3 years 11 months following radiotherapy. One of the four cases continued to show a widened mediastinum despite remission. It is still to be determined if the presence of calcified mediastinal nodes in Hodgkin's disease represents a favourable prognostic sign.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1984

Neonatal herpes simplex pneumonia: radiographic findings.

The radiologic findings in the lungs of 16 hospitalized neonates with disseminated herpes simplex infection were retrospectively reviewed. A sequential picture was devised of four stages in the evolution of the pneumonitis of this hematogenous infection. The radiologic stages were: Stage I, normal chest; Stage II, prominent perihilar interstitial markings; Stage III, coalescent areas of pulmonary infiltrates; and Stage IV, diffuse alveolar and interstitial disease ("white-out" lungs). In general, the pulmonary abnormalities were widespread and without air trapping. Pleural effusions were noted in one case. All affected neonates died and antemortem clinical and radiological findings were correlated with multiple-organ postmortem histopathologic evidence of viral infection, especially with the associated pneumonia.

Herpes Simplex↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of AP supine vs PA upright methods of chest roentgenography in infants and young children.

Various arguments have been advanced for preferring either the AP recumbent projection or the PA upright projection in chest roentgenography of infants and young children. One prominent argument for PA projection is that it shows less magnification.In a search of the literature, no study could be identified that statistically compares the cardiothoracic ratios in a series of patients with simultaneous PA upright and AP supine chest roentgenograms. This study addresses that point and also examines other factors in the two different projections.A survey of pediatric radiology departments in the United States shows an overall preference for the AP supine projection by a factor of 2:1. Statistical analysis of the two methods in this study demonstrates no significant difference in the cardiothoracic ratios. All other factors considered, the authors are of the opinion that the AP supine projection is more desirable in the infant and young child.

Child↗