Antisense inhibitory effect: a comparison between 3'-partial and full phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides.
Phosphorothioate (PS) antisense oligonucleotides are currently used to inhibit many cell functions both in vivo and in vitro. However, these modified oligos provide reasonable sequence specificity only within a narrow concentration range. To overcome such a limitation we synthesized antisense oligomers, partially phosphorothioated, targeted against the human N-myc mRNA. We utilized such modified oligomers in a human neuroblastoma cell line where the N-myc gene expression was very high, and compared them to full phosphorothioate oligonucleotides. Both full PS and partial PS antisense oligos produced a maximum reduction in target mRNA after 6 h of treatment. They were able to maintain a good level of inhibition for 20 h only at high concentration. While partial PS oligos produced a dose dependent and sequence specific inhibition of N-myc mRNA, full PS molecules suffer from some disadvantages at the highest concentration used. Our results showed that partial PS molecules were capable of reducing gene expression showing a greater sequence specificity over a far broader concentration range. For this reason we conclude that partial PS antisense oligos, with respect to full PS antisense oligos, might be particularly useful for studying gene function.