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Biomedical subjects

G Ganchev

Publications and source records attributed to G Ganchev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Inhibitory effects of freeze-dried milk fermented by selected Lactobacillus bulgaricus strains on carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats and by diethylnitrosamine in hamsters.

Fermented milk products might be used for cancer chemoprevention due to their putative anticarcinogenic and antitumor activities. The diet was supplemented with freeze-dried milk fermented by Lactobacillus bulgaricus strain LBB.B 144 (product FFM.B 144) added throughout the experiment at doses of 1.3 g and 2.5 g per rat, 5 times a week starting 3 weeks before the first carcinogen injection. This treatment significantly inhibited, by 26.2-28.6% and by 34.2%, the total intestinal carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 21 mg/kg, s.c., once per week for 20 weeks) in male and female BD6 rats, respectively. FFM.B144 decreased the tumor incidence and multiplicity in large bowel, caecum, and duodenum. Protective effects were better expressed in female animals, with exception of that observed in duodenum. Supplementation of diet with freeze-dried milk fermented by Lactobacillus bulgaricus strain LBB.B5 (product FFM.B5) inhibited DMH-induced carcinogenesis only in the large bowel, but had no significant protective effect when all intestinal tumors were taken into account. However, both freeze-dried products favorably shifted the differentiation of large bowel tumors by increasing the proportion of benign and highly differentiated malignant tumors and decreasing in parallel the number of poorly differentiated carcinomas without influencing the tumor size. A lower number of cases with visible mesenterial metastasis was also observed in FFM-treated rats. In addition, both FFM.B 144 and FFM.B5 significantly inhibited, by 26-33%, the induction in the same rats of ear-duct tumors. FFM.B144 but not FFM.B5 was also effective in inhibiting the tracheal carcinogenesis induced in Syrian golden hamsters by diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 100 mg/kg, two s.c. injections), the protective effect being better expressed in female animals. The anticarcinogenic potential of some fermented milk products might be exploited in chemoprevention of cancer in humans.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed1994

[The use of the Bethesda-terminology cytological system in clinical practice. A pilot study].

The aim of the present study is to summarize the one-year experience in applying the Bethesda terminological system (BTS) for assessment of cervical cytology. The study was based on 164 women, aged from 18 to 45, of which 98 with early pregnancy and 66 not pregnant. The materials for cytological examination were prepared by classical techniques and then coloured with hemalaun-eosin. Cytological findings were interpreted according to the revised BTS (1991), and an assessment of the adequacy of smears, possible infectious and reactive changes was made. Intraepithelial lesions were classified in two categories--low and high grade lesions. The advantages and shortcomings of the proposed new terminological, cytological classification system for assessment of the uterine cervix are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The surgical treatment of malignant tumors of the adrenal glands].

Thirty patients presenting malignant adrenal tumors of which 19 women aged 3-70 years, and eleven men with ages ranging from 5 to 70 years, are operated in the clinic of endocrine surgery over the period 1965 through 1992. In 16 cases the neoplasm is located on the right side, and in thirteen--on the left side. In 26 patients it is a matter of primary tumor, and in four--metastasis. Ten patients present the clinical picture of corticosteroma, three--pheochromocytoma, and four--corticoandrosteroma. The neoplastic mass extirpated weighs from 69 to 2050 g, necessitating the performing of nephrectomy in six instances, and splenectomy--in two. The operative technique used, intra- and postoperative complications, and the early and late postoperative survival in the series reviewed are analyzed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The surgical treatment of hyperthyroid goiters--the current approach and the trends].

Proceeding from the analysis of 848 patients with hyperthyroid goiter, including all three nosological entities--Graves' disease (538), toxic adenoma of the thyroid (126), and struma basedowificata nodosa (184)--operated in the clinic of endocrine surgery over a five-year period, some modern trends in the therapeutic approach are discussed, preoperative preparation of the patients and resection scope, in particular. It is recommended to discard preparation with the classical Lugol's solution in mild and medium severe forms of Graves' disease, routinely used in the clinic over the past few years, and operate after administration of 1-2 tablets Metizole which shortens preoperative hospitalization, and secures postoperative period free of hyperthyroid complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The diagnosis, management and treatment results in patients with carcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri].

The authors analysed the results of 225 women with carcinoma of the uterine cervix, treated at the gynecological clinic of the National Oncological Center for a 10-year period. The mean age was 36.7 years. No complaints were found in 206 patients. Cytological Pap 3-5 was established in 221 women. Conformity between histological examination after a colposcopic-directed biopsy, conization or total hysterectomy was found in 117 patients (53.18%). Carcinoma was discovered at 0 degree in 34 patients (11.44%) only just after conization, but in 69 women the tumour was removed during a colposcopic-directed biopsy and was not found in the operation material. Treatment of 217 women was conization, of 3 women--classical total hysterectomy and of 5 patients--intracavitary brachytherapy. In 7 patients the tumour was not removed till healthy tissue, which caused reconization in one woman and total hysterectomy in 6 patients. A relapse of the disease was found in 9 patients up to 2 years after conization (6 cases with carcinoma in situ, 3--with microinvasive carcinoma). Total hysterectomy was performed in all patients. Possibility for discovery of a relapse in the form of invasive carcinoma is ruled out during systemic and continuous observation. It is possible to perform reconization in women with persistent carcinoma in situ in view of preserving their generative function.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Brain potentials related to voluntary sustained effort.

The task of the present study was the investigation of the brain potentials while performing a complex motor task, including voluntary sustained contraction (thumb opposition to the index finger). The fast press of a transducer was sustained for periods of 1.5, 5 or 10 seconds, followed by fast release. Potentials related to the start of the contraction were registered (Bereitschaftspotential, N2, etc.) with considerable interindividual variability. The end of the contraction was preceded, too, by a slow potential, similar to Bereitschaftspotential, with prevailing positivity over frontal areas and negativity over postcentral areas; N2 at the release was well expressed, regardless of the polarity of the preceding slow potential. During the sustained contraction a steady positivity was registered. The presence of potentials related to the start as well as to the end of the voluntary effort suggests the existence of two separate commands. The positivity sustained throughout the contraction, strongly expressed frontally and decreasing postcentrally, implies a decisive role for central processes including the organization and preprogramming of the motor task, but not direct reflection of feedback kinaesthetic afferentation.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1980

[Relaparotomy in early postoperative complications in the abdominal cavity].

A series of 138 (1.3 per cent) re-laparotomies, performed for diverse complications subsequent to abdominal interventions, are reviewed. The lethality rate is rather high. Eighty-five patients died which makes 61.5 per cent those undergoing re-operation. Complications demanding re-laparotomy are divided up into five groups. Group I includes hemorrhage a/ in the lumen of the digestive canal and b/ in the abdominal cavity. Group II - postoperative peritonitis. It includes perforative, circumscribed and diffuse peritonitis without perforations, and due to suture insufficiency, as well as to necrosis of the pancreas and biliary peritonites. Group III - postoperative ileus conditions: mechanical and paralytic. Group IV - operative wound dehiscence. Group V - seventeen patients where re-laparotomy is justified by miscellaneous complications omitted in the listed above four basic groups.

Abdomen↗